關於 calling definition ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

二十一年前，也就是 2000 年，我發表了一篇關於“西歐的道德恐慌和反邪教恐怖主義”的文章。標題是挑釁，我知道會有反應，更是如此，因為這篇文章發表在最權威的恐怖主義學術期刊上，叫做恐怖主義和政治暴力. 我們正處於所謂的“邪教戰爭”之中，一方面，一些政府，特別是法國，正在打擊被貼上“邪教”標籤的團體，與支持這些措施的人之間發生了一場非常激烈的爭論，另一方面，新宗教運動的學者批評他們，聲稱好的“宗教”和壞的“邪教”之間的區別沒有意義。反對者只是將他們不喜歡的任何團體稱為“邪教”。
Twenty-one years ago, in the year 2000, I published an article on “Moral Panics and Anti-Cult Terrorism in Western Europe.” The title was a provocation, and I knew there would be reactions, the more so because the article was published in the most authoritative scholarly journal on terrorism, called Terrorism and Political Violence. We were in the middle of the so-called “cult wars,” a very strong controversy between, on one side, some governments, particularly France, that were cracking down on groups labeled as “cults,” and those who supported these measures, and on the other side scholars of new religious movements who criticized them, and claimed that the distinction between good “religions” and bad “cults” did not make sense. Opponents were simply calling a “cult” any group they did not like.

　
Targeting Tai Ji Men: Why It Is “Violence Based on Belief”
針對太極門：為什麼是“基於信仰的暴力”
https://bitterwinter.org/targeting-tai-ji-men-why-it-is-violence-based-on-belief/

There’s rhythm in writing! 🎶

這個禮拜Presentality的Andrew來分享英文寫作的節奏!

★★★★★★★★★★★★

我的工作需要看非常多的英文。

其中有英文母語的人寫的，也有非母語的人寫的。最近，我注意到一個兩者之間很明顯的差別。這個差別很少有人提到，因為它無關文法正確，也不是有學問的用語，或是文雅的詞彙。

是句子的長短。

Well，更正確的來說，是長句跟短句的交錯。我發現，非母語人士寫的英文句子，不但比英文母語的人寫的長，而且是大部分句子都很長。

母語的人，尤其是很會寫的人，則是會把長句跟短句混合搭配。
那又怎樣？

★★★★★★★★★★★★

你可能會說 ok，以英文為母語的人比較會用短的句子，那又怎樣？句子的長短，跟我寫作的好壞，有關嗎？

關係可大了。

就像音樂，或是影片，文字也是「內容」。只要是「內容」，就有它的節奏。你可以想像一首曲子，從頭到尾都是很長的音，而且一點變化都沒有嗎？或是一部很長的影片，從頭到尾都是很長的畫面，而且一點節奏的變化都沒有嗎？

Well actually，你應該可以想像，這些就是要幫助我們睡眠的。
如果你不想要你的讀者覺得無聊或甚至睡著，我建議適度變換你文字的節奏。

但我們先看案例。

我拿一篇台灣人寫的文，跟另一篇美國人寫的，來做比較：把每個句子都分拆成不同的段落，句子的長短就一目了然了。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

但我們先看案例。

我拿一篇台灣人寫的文，跟另一篇美國人寫的，來做比較：把每個句子都分拆成不同的段落，句子的長短就一目了然了。

📌 台灣案例：Taipei Times Opinion

1. The TAIEX last month rose above 17,000 points as rallies in steel, shipping and some non-tech stocks offset a weakness in semiconductor and electronics stocks.

2. While news about a cluster of local COVID-19 infections connected with China Airlines cargo pilots and a hotel in Taoyuan fueled selling pressure early this month and pushed the local stock market into consolidation mode, the daily market turnover in the first two trading sessions of this month hit fresh highs.

3. Moreover, Taiwan’s stock trading volume last month began to surpass that of Hong Kong for the first time in 15 years, which was beyond most market participants’ expectations.

4. Taiwan’s daily market turnover exceeding Hong Kong’s might gradually become a new normal from this year, and there are good reasons for this.

5. First, Hong Kong’s stock market has lost its appeal to foreign investors since China last year imposed national security legislation on the territory, triggering a potential flight of capital and talent.

6. Second, many wealthy Taiwanese tend to park their overseas funds in Hong Kong, China, Singapore, Switzerland and the US, but government statistics showed that more than 80 percent of funds repatriated by wealthy individuals last year were from Hong Kong, as they saw the political situation in the territory worsen after its self-governance, human rights and freedom of speech were further suppressed.

7. Third, China’s new NASDAQ-style stock board — the Shanghai Stock Exchange’s STAR board — has emerged as a fast-growing capital markets center for Chinese companies at a time when rising China-US tensions have triggered concerns about their prospects of listing in New York, posing a growing challenge to the Hong Kong stock exchange.

8. On the other hand, Taiwan’s economic fundamentals, the central bank’s adoption of extraordinary monetary easing and the government’s fiscal policies have fueled continued rallies in the nation’s stock market since last year.

9. It might be too early to tell how long the consolidation trend might last, as a resurgent COVID-19 outbreak is coloring the global economic outlook, but some insight can be drawn from the stock market:

10. Taiwan’s GDP grew a larger-than-expected 8.16 percent in the first quarter, as exports and private investment remained healthy.

都是一堆很長的句子對不對？我們來看美國人寫的句子，也是一個主流媒體的 opinion 文。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

📌 美國案例：New York Times Opinion

1. I miss torturing Liz Cheney.

2. But it must be said that the petite blonde from Wyoming suddenly seems like a Valkyrie amid halflings.

3. She is willing to sacrifice her leadership post — and risk her political career — to continue calling out Donald Trump’s Big Lie.

4. She has decided that, if the price of her job is being as unctuous to Trump as Kevin McCarthy is, it isn’t worth it, because McCarthy is totally disgracing himself.

5. It has been a dizzying fall for the scion of one of the most powerful political families in the land, a conservative chip off the old block who was once talked about as a comer, someone who could be the first woman president.

6. How naïve I was to think that Republicans would be eager to change the channel after Trump cost them the Senate and the White House and unleashed a mob on them.

7. I thought the Donald would evaporate in a poof of orange smoke, ending a supremely screwed-up period of history.

8. But the loudest mouth is not shutting up.

9. And Republicans continue to listen, clinging to the idea that the dinosaur is the future.

10. “We can’t grow without him,” Lindsey Graham said.

📌 Note: 即使是比較長的句子，這位作者也會用標點符號拆散它：She is willing to sacrifice her leadership post — and risk her political career — to continue calling out Donald Trump’s Big Lie. 這就好比用句點一樣，讓我們讀起來有點停頓休息的時間。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

📌 注意到了嗎？

台灣人寫的英文，句子都偏長，而且長度都差不多。
美國人寫的就不一樣了：一個只有五個字的句子開頭，然後一堆稍微長一點的句子，然後再來一串短句。

你可能懷疑我故意挑選很極端了例子出來，而且幹嘛專門打台灣人呢？

所以想到這裡，我從我的書架上，隨便挑了兩本跟科技有關的書出來。左邊的，是美國人，矽谷知名投資人 Peter Thiel。右邊的是德國人，但注意了，是一個英文非常好的德國人。他不但是世界經濟論壇的創辦人，研究所也是在哈佛大學唸的。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

📌 兩本書 Introduction 是怎麼寫的？

Klaus Schwab (德國)：

Of the many diverse and fascinating challenges we face today, the most intense and important is how to understand and shape the new technology revolution, which entails nothing less than a transformation of humankind.

We are at the beginning of a revolution that is fundamentally changing the way we live, work, and relate to one another.
In its scale, scope and complexity, what I consider to be the fourth industrial revolution is unlike anything humankind has experienced before.

Peter Thiel (美國)：

Whenever I interview someone for a job, I like to ask this question: "What important truth do very few people agree with you on?"

The question sounds easy because it's straightforward.
Actually, it's very hard to answer.

It's intellectually difficult because the knowledge that everyone is taught in school is by definition agreed upon.

See the difference?

★★★★★★★★★★★★

📌 如何變換節奏呢？

需要Andrew的完整分享請留言「There’s rhythm in writing~」。

Follow Presentality for more!
https://www.facebook.com/presentality

They want base speeds of 100 Mbps for uploads and downloads.

硬漢兄弟表示：我們被恐嚇了！『請幫幫我們』
#社會案件 #硬啦 #硬漢兄弟
-----//不自殺聲明//-----

本人在此特地聲明，謹此宣告，絕不自殺，絕不發生意外。

本人樂觀開朗，身體健康，近期至未來五十年之人生規劃都已妥當，交友廣闊，身無隱疾，且家中尚有老父老母需奉養，絕無任何自殺輕生之意圖。近期也未規劃前往外地旅遊踏青，生活作息正常，更無機會接觸木炭、毒藥、槍砲彈藥等危險管制物品。

本人並無任何使我困擾之慢性病或心理疾病，故絕不可能做出任何看似自殺之行為。

本人從無睡眠困擾，故不需服用安眠藥，更不會有服用過量的問題。

本人強調個人不酗酒也不吸毒。

。本人近期嚴守其身絕不會接近下列地點，例如：

1. 開放性水域以及偏郊積水攤
2. 任何無救生員之游泳池
3. 有高壓、危險氣體，或密閉式未經抽氣處理之地下室、蓄水池、水桶等
4. 無安全護欄之任何高處
5. 任何施工地點（拆政府除外），包括製作消波塊之工地
6. 任何以上未提及但為一般人正常不會前往之地點

。本人恪遵下列事項：

1. 開車或騎摩托車之前會檢查煞車部件、油門線等，並會在加油前關閉車輛電源與行動電話。
2. 絕不擅搶黃燈、闖紅燈。
3. 乘坐任何軌道類交通工具，本人一定退到警戒線後一步以上，直到車輛停妥。
4. 騎乘機車必戴安全帽；乘車必繫安全帶。
5. 絕不接近任何會放射對人體有立即危害的輻射之場所（如核電廠）或設備。
6. 颱風天不登山、不觀浪。

。本人將盡可能注意居家電器、瓦斯、火源之使用。
。本人居住之房屋均使用符合法規之電路電線，絕無電線走火之可能；
。本人絕對不在家中置放過量可燃性氣體或液體。
。浴室中除該有之照明外，不放置任何電器用品，
。睡覺前會關閉大量耗能電器，僅保持電燈、冰箱、電扇外之所有電器開關。
。本人絕不會與隨機的不明人士起衝突，並盡可能保護自我人身安全。

若本人被發現死亡，且現場無外力及打鬥掙扎痕跡，如在車內房間等等隱蔽場所，絕非本人自殺。

若網友在看完此聲明之後，近期或將來發現此帳號不再發片，請幫我討回公道，謝謝。


。I, declares to whom may concern:
。I am optimistic with healthy fitness,
。without any illness or disease confuse me,
。so I will NOT do any thing connected to suicide by any means.
。I do NOT have medical issues with sleeping,
。so I do NOT need to take any medicals about it.
。I am NOT an alcoholic nor having drug addiction,

。neither visit the following places alone and / or with relatives or friends:

1. Open water area
2. Pool without watcher
3. Closed place like not ventilated tank, pool, cellar with hazardous gas
　(i.e. high pressure gas, explosive gas, toxic gas, etc.)
4. Any place without safe barriers from falling
5. Any building site (well, except the deconstruction place for governmental buildings),

。including spots to making concretes.

6. Any place does not mentioned above, where no common people might visit.

。I strictly follow the under rules:
　1. I check my brakes and parts before driving,
　　and turn off my mobile and the power of my vehicle.
　2. I do not rush in traffic lights.
　3. I keep the distance for more than one step from the security line
　　while taking any vehicle or transportation if they have, until they are
　　fully parked and ready to aboard.
　4. I wear helmet with scooters or motorbike properly.
　　I wield safety belt while driving or being a passenger.
　5. I will NOT close any harmful radiative place (like nuclear plant) or equipments.
　6. I will NOT go hiking, wave seeing, or visit any dangerous places.

。I try my best to watch over the usage of appliance, gasoline and fire.
。My place uses legally certificated safe electricity equipments,
。thus the possibility of having accidents in fire IS insignificant.
。In addition to this, I never have illegal amount of flammable gas or liquid.
。I do not have any appliance despite of necessary lighting,
。and turn off all switches despite of lights, refrigerators or fans.
。I do not having conflicts with strangers,
。and put my personal security as highest priority.
。Hereby I authorize any of you who viewed this statement to have rights to announcing charges
　or calling police, once this account does not login for days (legal definition of missing a long time)

硬漢兄弟 instagram ➡️ http://t.cn/EZXWwX8
硬漢妹妹 instagram ➡️ http://bit.ly/2TaM4Gr
硬漢兄弟 facebook粉專 ➡️ https://www.facebook.com/K122427/
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
下是演員的instagram連結 ⬇️
導演-阿伯怪 ➡️ https://goo.gl/EamhcU
黃包包-➡️ http://t.cn/EtXBcY3
虎牙陳伊➡️ http://t.cn/EPEts5a
魷魚➡️ http://bit.ly/2LJlUa8

我們平常接觸的有關朝鮮的訊息是怎麼來的呢？可以看看這紀錄片： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eclCfjP7hLM

關於朝鮮戰爭內幕： https://bit.ly/2I9WzU3

臉書專頁： https://www.facebook.com/ComradeXiangyu
專訪： https://blow.streetvoice.com/41873

編曲： Ransom-Notes https://soundcloud.com/ransom-notes
作詞、混音：鍾翔宇
母帶後期製作工程： Glenn Schick


Follow Xiangyu on Twitter https://instagram.com/notXiangyu
Follow Ransom-Notes on Twitter https://twitter.com/ransom1992

有些人會說：「如果朝鮮不是獨裁國家的話，為什麼不給外國旅客自由行呢？為什麼大部分電腦都沒連上境外的互聯網呢？」我希望那些人從不同的角度來思考這些問題。二戰期間的同盟國會開放自己的國家給德國、意大利和日本觀光客自由行嗎？別忘了，朝鮮戰爭只有停火，沒有停戰。

假如互聯網是在 1930 年代的德國發明的，而非 20 世紀下半葉的美國，而德國情報機構能暗中監督和控制一切連上該網路的任何設備（正如斯諾登透露美國國安局所做的那樣），同盟國會讓一般老百姓連上同個互聯網嗎？還是他們會跟朝鮮一樣建設自己的網路？

朝鮮是個小國家。雖然它從 1953 年一直呼籲正式停戰，但它從 1950 年到現在一直與大部分西方國家處於戰爭狀態。只要戰爭狀態不變，這些政策不是「反自由」的，而是任何理性的政府（無論是資本主義國家還是社會主義國家）會施行的防禦性措施。



誰是朋友？誰是敵人？
Who are our friends? Who are our enemies?

我們能否 追究這個問題而不自欺欺人
Can we look into this question without lying to ourselves?

誰的盟友？誰的利潤？
Whose allies? Whose profits?

是誰激於義憤而爭鬥和犧牲
Whose struggle and sacrifice are stirred by righteous indignation?


1.
饒舌的激進份子 被說是憤世
The radical rapper is said to be cynical.

我只想引人深思 和去偽存實
I just want to get people to think, cast aside falsities, and retain the truths,

因為從小到大有太多虛偽人士
because througout our lives, too many hypocrites

灌輸錯誤認識 使人愚昧無知
have instilled false understandings, causing us to ignorantly

地無視 顯而易見 的壓迫和暴行
disregard the clearly visible oppression and atrocities,

使人固執己見 而失去批判思考力
causing us to stubbornly cling to our own opinions and lose our ability to think critically.

一旦遇到陌生的意見 認知就失調
When we encounter unfamiliar opinions, we experience cognitive dissonance.

變本加厲地延伸原本的錯誤視角
Doubling down on our mistaken views

成為了心理防禦機制 也使我們無意識地
has become a psychological defense mechanism which causes us to unknowingly

成為壓迫自己的體制的棋子
become pawns of the system that oppresses us

即使我們自以為自己是正義的義士
although we think of ourselves as just and morally courageous people,

但其實是我們迷失於斷章取義的歷史
it is actually us who are lost in deliberately misinterpreted history.

而敵視 並歧視 被壓迫的各國人民
We vilify and discriminate against the oppressed peoples of all countries;

自以為仁義 卻把壓迫者 奉若神明
we think we are righteous, yet we deify the oppressors.

不分明侵略和防禦只要求無條件的和平
We don't differentiate between aggression and defense, we simply ask for unprincipled peace,

得到奴隸主的肯定不過不被他們尊敬
gaining the approval of slave masters but not their respect.


2.
監禁率最高的國家被當作自由象徵
The country with the highest incarceration rate is considered to be a symbol of freedom;

最常推翻民選政府的它被當作摯友良朋
we call it our friend as it leads in overthrowing democratically elected governments.

我們只有盲人摸象般稱頌或貶斥
We make praises and criticisms based on conclusions made from bad information,

偏執地不檢視騙子掩飾的現實
stubbornly refusing to investigate the truths hidden by liars.

別人飢餓 我們說是領導人無人性
When others starve, we say their leaders are devoid of humanity

卻不記得制裁的目的 是經過餓死人民
while failing to remember that the goal of sanctions is to sabotage stability

破壞穩定 以迫使 革命群眾 放棄革命
through starvation in order to extort the revolutionary masses into giving up revolution.

如果這不是恐怖主義 那麼你的定義可能有問題
If this isn't terrorism, then your definition might be flawed.

我問你 唯一動用核武器的到底是誰？
I ask you, who is the only one to have used nuclear weapons?

為何朝鮮發展核武就被認為是罪？
Why is it considered a crime when (DPR) Korea develops nukes?

誰的奴性思維被支配得顛倒是非
Whose slave mentality's been been dominated to the point where right and wrong are inverted,

使我們把自衛視為威脅 把威脅視為慈悲？
having us believe defense is threatening and threats are benevolent?

是誰不知不覺地在重複戈培爾所起草
Who unknowingly repeats lies written by Goebbels

的流言蜚語的同時說別人被洗腦
while at the same time calling others brainwashed,

並對用著堅如鐵的毅力英勇地起義
while unreasonably being hostile towards those who use their iron-firm willpower

驅逐侵略者的人民無理地壞有敵意？
to heroically drive out aggressors through rebellion?

#朝鮮 #DPRK #Korea