關於 discrimination wiki ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

[時事英文] 時事英文直播 5 Harvard on Affirmative Action (平權行動)

直播4分25秒開始。

今晚的時事英文直播要討論哈佛平權行動案情 (The Lawsuit on Affirmative Action)，講義請先看過去一次，準備學習英文詞彙和探討國際新聞。

講義 (Lecture Notes): http://bit.ly/2P9bhzf

直播中討論的關鍵詞彙: http://bit.ly/2N1TfMK

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要探討的議題 (Discussion Topics):

1. 哈佛平權行動案情 (The Lawsuit on Affirmative Action)

2. 亞洲人在美國會被歧視嗎? (Do Asians Face Discrimination in the US?)
https://youtu.be/9mYAhQkcbJw

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相關時事英文:

美國影集: 菜鳥移民 Fresh Off the Boat
http://bit.ly/2qAK8uT

在美國是否會被歧視？Racism against Asians?
https://youtu.be/9mYAhQkcbJw

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Related Articles:

Harvard Won a Key Affirmative Action Battle. But the War’s Not Over.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/02/us/harvard-admissions-lawsuit.html

This is how white privilege plays out in the Harvard admissions process
https://www.theguardian.com/education/2019/oct/01/harvard-admissions-process-white-privilege

Study on Harvard finds 43 percent of white students are legacy, athletes, related to donors or staff
https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/study-harvard-finds-43-percent-white-students-are-legacy-athletes-n1060361

Harvard Admissions Will Never Be Fair
https://www.forbes.com/sites/christopherrim/2019/10/04/harvard-admissions-will-never-be-fair/#4c51e06c68b8

Harvard Still Needs Diversity in Admissions
https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2019-10-02/harvard-affirmative-action-case-won-t-go-to-supreme-court

Harvard Rated Asian-American Applicants Lower on Personality Traits, Suit Says
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/15/us/harvard-asian-enrollment-applicants.html

Affirmative action: Psychological data and the policy debates.
https://psycnet.apa.org/buy/2003-03405-003

Does Banning Affirmative Action Lower College Student Quality? https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/000282803322157124

The Pros & Cons of Affirmative Action in College Admissions https://www.theclassroom.com/pros-cons-affirmative-action-college-admissions-6722.html

Students for Fair Admissions
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_for_Fair_Admissionse

What is affirmative action?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gJgQR6xiZGs

Does Affirmative Action Hurt Asian Americans?
https://youtu.be/8ixzZYxM7Hc

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時事英文直播 4 China-US Trade War
https://wp.me/p44l9b-21f

時事英文直播 3 Perspectives on Hong Kong's Protests
https://wp.me/p44l9b-218

時事英文直播 2 Climate Change
https://wp.me/p44l9b-210

時事英文直播 1 Saudi Oil Attack
https://wp.me/p44l9b-20q

時事英文大全: http://bit.ly/2WtAqop

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Photo: nytimes.com

[時事英文新聞] 在校園內說英文不然就面對「意想不到的後果」!

Speak English on campus or face “unintended consequences.”

這是美國教育界最新的新聞，提供給各位同學參考。

"A professor stepped down from her position as director of graduate studies in the biostatistics department after an email she sent discouraging Chinese students from speaking in their native tongue went viral."

In all honesty, the director was most likely well-intentioned, doing what she thought was best to help students. However, there are better ways to address the issue. This is a learning opportunity for us all.

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以下是教授發給學生的電子郵件:

“To international students, PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE keep these unintended consequences in mind when you choose to speak in Chinese in the building. I have no idea how hard it has been and still is for you to come to the US and have to learn in a non-native language. As such, I have the upmost [sic] respect for what you are doing. That being said, I encourage you to commit to using English 100% of the time when you are in Hock or any other professional setting.”

Complete email: https://goo.gl/EgDCnw

Full story: http://www.washingtonpost.com/amphtml/education/2019/01/27/duke-professor-warns-chinese-students-speak-english-campus-or-face-unintended-consequences/

Comments and opinions: https://goo.gl/nFP9fN

同學們對此議題看法如何？

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關鍵詞彙

1. step down 下台
2. native tongue 母語
3. started off innocuously enough 一開始時是無害的
4. go viral 像病毒般蔓延
5. warn students 警告學生
6. keep in mind 記住
7. unintended consequences 意想不到的後果
8. spread across 傳開
9. something to think about 需要考慮的事情
10. oblige（尤指按別人要求的去做以）討好，幫助，為…效勞
11. identify students 識別學生
12. interview for an internship 實習面試
13. not everyone can understand 不是每個人都能理解
14. face unseen barriers 面對看不見的障礙
15. future opportunities 未來的機會
16. spark outrage 引發憤怒
17. converse 交談
18. on their own time 在他們自己的時間
19. outside of the classroom 在教室外面
20. sic 原文如此（置於括弧內，表示前面引用的文字原文有錯誤）

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Related articles (相關文章):

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_Kunshan_University

https://www.thenewslens.com/article/112833

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Using L1 in English Learning (是否可以透過中文來學習英文): https://goo.gl/BYN3sP

Do Asian Americans face discrimination in the US? 在美國是否會被歧視？ https://youtu.be/9mYAhQkcbJw

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最後，同學覺得我們粉絲團應該使用更多英文嗎?

Do you think our fan page should use more English? Would I be able to provide educational resources to more students if I used only English?

[時事英文] Same-sex Marriages

你聽說了嗎？美國最高法院判決美國同性伴侶結婚的權利受到美國憲法的保障且州政府不可只讓異性戀者獨享結婚權。那麼台灣呢？

Have you heard? The supreme court of the US ruled 5-4 that the constitution gives same-sex couples the right to marry and that states may not reserve the right to only heterosexual couples. What will Taiwan do?

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錄音檔: https://soundcloud.com/eric-yang-51/tw-same-sex/

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時事詞彙:
supreme court 最高法院
rule in favor 判定有利於
reserve the right 保留權利
the right to marry 合法結婚權
heterosexual couples 異性戀伴侶
homosexual couples 同性戀伴侶
advocate (v.) 提倡
recognition of marriages between same-sex couples 同性婚姻的認可
gay community 同志團體
one step away from…差一步就要…；即將要…
same-sex unions 同性結合
support marriage equality 支持婚姻平等
mothballed a same-sex marriage bill 無限期延後同性婚姻法案
remains extremely controversial 仍極具爭議性
take into consideration 考慮進去
an issue of human rights 人權議題
full support from the public 社會大眾完全的支持
the US ruling 美國的判決
a significant move on equality and human rights 邁向平等和人權的指標性的一步
come a long way 有大幅的進步
engage in a prolonged dialogue 進行長期的對話
face a similar issue 面對類似議題
bridge the social gap 缩小; 彌平社會階級差距
a shared way of thinking 共同的思考模式
rational dialogue 合理的對話
recognized by… 被…承認
optimistic and open 樂觀和開放
protected by law, regardless of gender 被法律保護，無論性別
homosexual unions 同性戀婚姻

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The Taiwan Alliance to Promote Civil Partnership Rights, which advocates the recognition of marriages between same-sex couples, said the US Supreme Court’s decision to rule in favor of the gay community is a significant indicator, adding that Taiwan is one step away from making a similar step after more than 30 years of campaigning.

The alliance’s secretary-general Chien Chih-chieh (簡至潔) said the US is a crucial indicator for the nation, as Taiwanese politicians look to Washington, even though same-sex unions have already been legalized in many European countries.
Homosexual rights advocates first called for recognition of same-sex marriage in Taiwan 30 years ago, Chien said, adding that it is “abominable” that the ruling and opposition parties mothballed a same-sex marriage bill in the legislature. In Taiwan, the issue of legalizing same-sex marriage has remained extremely controversial even to this day.

“Equal right to marriage is not about public opinion, but an issue of human rights,” Chien said, adding that no country that has made the change has had full support from the public. “It is not an issue that should be hindered because it is controversial,” she said.

Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) Chairperson Tsai Ing-wen (蔡英文) yesterday said that the US ruling is the result of a prolonged movement and expressed her expectation that Taiwan would eventually follow a similar path. “The ruling is a significant move on equality and human rights, but the US has come a long way, with society engaged in prolonged dialogue before reaching this stage,” Tsai said. She added that “Taiwan is facing a similar issue and we need to bridge the social gap through rational dialogue, so that society can come to a shared way of thinking.”

Additionally, The spokesperson for Chinese National Party (KMT) presidential hopeful, Hung Hsiu-chu (洪秀柱), has expressed similar sentiments, stating that Hung has always been “optimistic and open” about same-sex marriage and believed that “people, as long as they have love for each other, should be protected by law, regardless of gender.”

Sources:
http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/focus/breakingnews/1361558
http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national-news/2015/06/28/439396/Presidential-candidates.htm
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[時事英文] Taiwan Gay Pride 2016

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The aim of the parade is to ensure that lesbians, gay, bisexual, and transgender Taiwanese can live free from discrimination.

遊行的目的是確保台灣的女同性戀者，男同性戀者，雙性戀者和跨性別者能夠免受歧視。

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相關詞彙:

visibility and solidarity 可見度和團結

kick off 揭開序幕

parade route 遊行路線

attitude toward... 對...的態度

remains extremely controversial 仍極具爭議性

civil rights 公民權利

an issue of human rights 人權議題

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2016第十四屆台灣同志遊行: http://www.twpride.org/

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"Taiwan Pride is the annual gay pride parade in Taiwan. The parade was first held in 2003. Although joined by groups from all over the country, the primary location has always been the capital city of Taipei. The most recent parade, held in October 2015, attracted more than 78,000 participants, making it the largest gay pride event in East Asia."

Article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan_Pride

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簽署連署，為每一位已逝的黑人靈魂伸張正義✊🏻
-Please sign-
https://blacklivesmatters.carrd.co/#petitions
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任意門🚪
00:00 一起畫抗議牌子 My Placard of BLM
01:38 歷史的傷痛 the Year of Return
02:41 為什麼不和平理性的抗爭? Why do protests turn violent?
07:07 社經地位優勢者相對於弱勢族群的優越感 Socio-economic privileged group & Underprivileged group
11:40 「多元交織性」的歧視問題 “All”#BlackLivesMatter-Intersectional discriminaitons
12:19 亞裔與非裔人種在美國的處境 Discrimination among Black and Asian American
13:30 我是Vegan，當然黑人的命也是命 Vegan stands with #BlackLivesMatter
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示威運動期間的配樂〈Remember her〉，是我想藉此思念Breonna Taylor，以及所有被惡意結束生命的黑人女性，我們需要永遠記住這些。
Artist: Esther Abrami
Background music: No. 2〈Remember her〉
in menmory of Breonna Taylor
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Notes
[1] 1:38 the Year of Return https://www.yearofreturn.com/about/
[2] 1:58 1876-1965年，美國部分州有針對黑人實行種族隔離制度的法律：Jim Crow laws
https://www.ferris.edu/jimcrow/what.htm
[3] 2:19 馬丁路德金恩〈我有一個夢想〉
https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/biographical/
[4] 2:51 https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/乔治·弗洛伊德之死
在2020/5/25，白人警察德里克·蕭文（英語：Derek Michael Chauvin）單膝跪在佛洛伊德脖頸處超過8分鐘，佛洛伊德被跪壓期間失去知覺並在急救室被宣告死亡。
（佛洛伊德被跪壓的時長，已有外媒已闢謠為7分46秒，而非維基百科寫的時間)
[5] 3:30 對於黑人的警察暴力數據統計 Police killings and their spillover effects on the mental health of black Americans: a population-based, quasi-experimental study
J. Bor*, A. S Venkataramani*, D. R Williams, A. C Tsai, Lancet 2018; 392: 302–10
https://osf.io/hw9d2/
[6] 7:20 種族歧視的經濟分析 蘇偉文
在歷史上，白人掠奪了黑人的勞動力，導致現今資本較黑人多。再加上社會對黑人的勞動力歧視，限制黑人進入勞動力市場，在供需法則下白人的勞動力價值上升。
[7] 7:32 Frantz Fanon《The Wretched of the Earth》
[8] 11:41 https://www.thequint.com/neon/gender/feminism-black-lives-matter-movements-and-intersectionality
「多元交織性」 (intersectionality) 指的是一個人必定會有多重的身份，例如性別、性傾向、性別認同、年齡、社經地位、國籍、種族、障別等，當種種條件交疊在一起，導致特權與歧視的出現。尤其是多元交織性的歧視，所受到歧視嚴重性更是加劇。
進一步了解：https://reurl.cc/4R2rQ2
[9] 12:59 Leung, Angel, "The Model Minority Myth: (Benevolent) Racism against (Asian) Americans" (2016). 2016 Undergraduate Awards. 14.
冷戰期間美國為了拉攏亞洲國家，亞裔「模範少數族群」成為了美國的活廣告，證明自己是能夠領導多元族群的世界之最。除了在外交上備受利用，在二十世紀黑人爭取民權(Civil Rights Movement)時，白人出現這樣的應對：「黃種人都可以是模範少數族群了，那代表白人的歧視不嚴重、是黑人自身的問題。」
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- Resources for statistics/news/reports on gender equality in both English and Japanese:

日本語：
「世界男女格差指数」:
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%9...
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_NR_G...
「厚生労働省の統計情報・白書」: http://www.mhlw.go.jp/toukei_hakusho/
「男女共同参画白書 平成25年版」 : http://www.gender.go.jp/about_danjo/w...
「保育所関連状況取りまとめ」: http://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/houdou/2r98...
「夫は祖手で働き、妻は家を守るべきである」: http://www.gender.go.jp/about_danjo/w...
「男性の育児休業取得率の推移 」: http://www.gender.go.jp/about_danjo/w...
「役職別管理職に占める女性割合の推移 」: http://www.gender.go.jp/about_danjo/w...
「週労働時間60時間以上の就業者の割合（男性・年齢別）」: http://www.gender.go.jp/about_danjo/w...


English:
Global Gender Gap Report 2012: http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Gend...
Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare: http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/
MHLW's Equal Employment and Child Welfare Report: http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/wp/wp-h...
Japanese work week [article]: http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013...
Japanese daycare issues [article]:
http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013...
Gender Equality Bureau Cabinet Office of Japan, "Women and Men in Japan 2012" report: http://www.gender.go.jp/english_conte...
Perceptions of Gender Equality survey results: http://www.gender.go.jp/english_conte...
Women want to work [articles]:
http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2012...
http://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2...
Center for Work-Life Policy Press Report on Japanese women workers: http://www.worklifepolicy.org/documen...
OECD Employment Outlook 2013 (Gender gap wage information): http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset-...

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