關於 informant ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

🇭🇰 #HongKong
📑 แบบสอบถาม โครงการวิจัย เรื่อง อุปสรรคในการเข้าสู่ตลาดงานของสตรีในฮ่องกง
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📣 #ข่าวฝากประชาสัมพันธ์ ค่า
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คณะสังคมสงเคราะห์ศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยแห่งฮ่องกง 🇭🇰 (University of Hong Kong)
กำลังทำโครงการวิจัยเกี่ยวกับ #อุปสรรคในการเข้าสู่ตลาดแรงงานของสตรีที่อาศัยอยู่ในฮ่องกง
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โดยขอเชิญชวนเข้าร่วมโครงการด้วยการตอบแบบสอบถาม/สัมภาษณ์
ซึ่ง #ทุกคน จะได้รับคูปองซุปเปอร์มาร์เก็ต มูลค่า HK$100-250 เป็นการตอบแทน
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#ผู้สามารถเข้าร่วมโครงการ
ผู้ที่อาศัยอยู่ในฮ่องกง เป็นเพศหญิง และไม่ได้อยู่ในตลาดแรงงาน เช่น กำลังหางาน ว่างงาน ไม่ได้ทำงาน ดูแลบ้าน ฯลฯ
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หากสนใจ สามารถติดต่อทีมวิจัยที่ลิงก์นี้ค่ะ
>> https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdmfUIkHt6TZCJS1WqNqfUHD-CJqc5CKJo3RRkTHsjXORvfSQ/viewform
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#EatwithPalLi #พี่แป๋วพากินเที่ยวสิงคโปร์ฮ่องกง 🇸🇬🇭🇰

凱吉最近的行蹤，在新片【The Unbearable Weight of Massive Talent】當中飾演自己

My recent article😎😎😎

https://apps.orangenews.hk/app/common/details_html…

Opinion | LegCo Member Ted Hui Chi-fung may be liable for malicious prosecution

HK Current

2020.08.24 16:41

By Athena Kung

In June 2020, Magistrate Lam Tsz Kan sitting in Eastern Court allowed LegCo Member Ted Hui Chi-fung (hereinafter referred to as "Hui") to press ahead with 2 firearm-related counts, including "discharging ammunition with reckless disregard for other's safety" and "dealing with arms in a way likely to injure or endanger other's safety". Maximum sentence for both of the above firearm-related offences is 7 years imprisonment. In addition, another count of shooting with intent which is an offence punishable by life imprisonment was added to the case.

Hui's such legal action was initiated by private prosecution, which was against the police officer who opened fire during a riot in Sai Wan Ho on 11th of November 2019. At common law, like prosecuting authorities, all citizens have the same right to institute proceedings. As time goes by, subject to certain restrictions, private prosecution continues to enjoy a respectable position in modern schemes of criminal justice. In any event, the right of private prosecution is not absolute. A private prosecutor has 2 hurdles to surmount. Firstly, he must persuade a magistrate to issue a summons. Thereafter, so long as he wishes to retain control of the case, he may have to persuade the Department of Justice not to take it over.

When deciding whether to issue a summons, the magistrate who has a discretion should consider at least the following factors:
(1) whether the allegation is of the offence known to law, and if so, whether the essential ingredients of the offence are prima facie present;
(2) that the time limits have been complied with;
(3) that the court has jurisdiction;
(4) whether the informant has the necessary authority to prosecute;
(5) whether the allegation is vexatious.

Once the summons has been issued, like the case initiated by Hui, it is open to the Secretary of Justice to intervene, which may be with a view to continuing or terminating such private prosecution. To prevent the abuse of private prosecution, it is thus necessary to seek to achieve a balance between the citizen's right to prosecute and the responsibility of the Secretary for Justice so as to ensure that unworthy prosecutions do not proceed. Under section 14 of the Magistrates Ordinance, Cap 227, Laws of Hong Kong, the Secretary of Justice enjoys wide power of intervention and "may at any stage of the proceedings before the magistrate intervene and assume the conduct of the proceedings."

What has really happened on the day of incident on 11th of November 2019? According to "The footage of the shooting" which was a broadcast live in the Facebook by a bystander, an officer drew his sidearm in the district of Sai Wan Ho while trying to detain a masked man at a blockaded junction. Then, another masked man attempted to liberate the other, appearing to take a swipe at the officer's pistol before being shot in the midriff. After all, police could successfully detain both men onto the ground. The first man had a pool of blood next to him. His body limped as police officers moved him around. Apparently, the officers tried to tie his hands. The second man appeared to be conscious.

No doubt, according to the above footage, Hui's private prosecution is misconceived. Hui has completely turned a blind eye to the imminent danger confronted by the officer at the particular moment. With ulterior motives, Hui intentionally and wrongfully misled both the court and public by alleging that the police officer's such dedication and discharging his duty to maintain law and order during the riots amounted to abusing of police power and police brutality.

Obviously, Hui's private prosecution should have no prospect whatsoever of success. On the contrary, Hui's such an action even constituted an abuse of prosecution process. Justice can only be achieved by the Secretary of Justice's termination of Hui's private prosecution. It explains why the Department of Justice has applied to the court to intervene the case. A hearing date between 24th to 28th of August 2020 has been applied for the Department's making formal application to terminate the case in open court. Indeed, according to Article 63 of the Basic Law, the Department of Justice shall control criminal prosecutions, free from any interference.

May the police officer wrongfully prosecuted by Hui seek any legal remedy? Historically, the tort of "malicious prosecution" in English law refers to an unreasonable criminal prosecution. All along, malicious prosecution has been generally brought as an aftermath of unsuccessful criminal proceedings.

In Hong Kong, in the decisive authority of Pathak Ravi Dutt v Sanjeev Maheshwari [2015] HKCA 595, the Court of Appeal had summarized that in an action for malicious prosecution, the plaintiff must prove 4 essential elements:
(1) The Plaintiff was prosecuted by the Defendant, that is to say, the law was set in motion against the Plaintiff by the Defendant on a criminal charge ;
(2) The prosecution was determined in the Plaintiff's favour ;
(3) The prosecution was without reasonable and probable cause ; and
(4) The prosecution was malicious.

On the facts of the Hui's private prosecution case, following the intervention of the Department of Justice at the end of August 2020, it will be a case terminated by the Secretary for Justice instead of being ruled by the court with a verdict in favour of the police officer. Thus, it is advisable for the police officer to commence a tort of malicious prosecution action against Hui once the male shot by the police officer has been found guilty by the court. Then, the police officer may rely upon the male's conviction to support the assertion that his shooting under the particular circumstances was necessary and secure his civil claim against Hui.

The author is Barrister-at-law.

The views don't necessarily reflect those of Orange News.

責任編輯：CK Li
編輯：Whon

Mafia Definitive Edition (เฉพาะภาคแรก)
ซื้อได้ที่ https://store.epicgames.com/legendauser/mafia-definitive-edition

MAFIA: TRILOGY (รวมสามภาค)
ซื้อได้ที่ https://store.epicgames.com/legendauser/mafia-trilogy

Mafia: Definitive Edition is an action-adventure video game developed by Hangar 13 and published by 2K Games. A remake of the 2002 video game Mafia, it was announced in May 2020 and was released on September 25, 2020. The game is set within the fictional city of Lost Heaven (based on Chicago) in the 1930s, and follows the rise and fall of taxi driver-turned-mobster Tommy Angelo within the Salieri crime family. The game received favorable reviews from critics, with praise for revitalizing the story, performances, and graphics, although the dated action animations were criticized.

In 1930, during the ongoing Great Depression, impoverished taxi driver Thomas "Tommy" Angelo is strong-armed by two members of the Salieri family - Paulie Lombardo and Sam Trapani - into helping them escape an ambush by members of the Morello Family. While Tommy is compensated for his help, his actions lead him to losing his job when the Morello family target him in an act of revenge the following day. Seeking help from Don Ennio Salieri, Tommy agrees to be a part of his organisation, befriending Paulie and Sam, and becoming romantically involved with Sarah, the daughter of Salieri's bartender. The three men work together to contribute to Salieri's rackets, overseen by Salieri's consigliere Frank Colletti, including protection and bootlegging. In time, Tommy marries Sarah and begins a family with her, all the while working up in the ranks by impressing Salieri.

In 1933, Don Salieri becomes increasingly concerned when Don Marcu Morello begins putting pressure on him, ambushing their operations with bribed police officers and gaining the support of a corrupt prosecutor whose son has been killed by the Salieri family. Tommy finds himself forced to counter these attempts to prevent the organisation being financially weakened. When Salieri assigns him to eliminate an informant at a brothel, he is advised by Sam to spare them instead, allows them to escape in exchange for their silence, covering up his actions. When Frank disappears along with the organisation's account books, Tommy is instructed to locate both, and quickly learns that Morello planned to use the FBI to take down his rival. Convincing Frank to reveal where the books are, Tommy allows him to leave the country with his family, and covers up his actions once again.

In 1935, with prohibition ended and both Mafia families moving out into new rackets, Don Morello attempts to assassinate Salieri, whilst he and Tommy are dining at a restaurant. In retaliation, Salieri declares war and begins weakening Morello's position, damaging his rackets and reducing his influence on law enforcement. Eventually, Tommy works alongside Sam and Paulie to take down Morello, killing him by shooting down a plane he attempts to use to flee the city. By 1938, the Salieri family control the city's rackets, neutralizing anyone who attempts to stop them. Tommy, Sam and Paulie find themselves tasked with recovering a shipment of impounded cigars that had been smuggled into the city, informed that they hide a consignment of diamonds in them. Although the group manage to successfully recover the cargo, Tommy is shocked to discover that Salieri lied, and that the cigars concealed a consignment of drugs.

Disillusioned by the revelation, Tommy convinces Paulie to go ahead with a bank robbery that Sam had advised against. Although the pair manage to complete the job, Tommy finds Paulie murdered in his apartment the following day. When he goes for a meeting with Sam to discuss this, Tommy finds that his efforts to conceal his actions were uncovered by Salieri, and that Sam was ordered to execute him and Paulie for this and the bank job. Left with no choice, Tommy survives the attempt on his life and kills Sam upon learning that Frank and his family were murdered by Salieri's people. With his former allies against him, Tommy goes into hiding and contacts Detective Norman for help, providing his story of his actions. In exchange for testifying against the Salieri family, Tommy requests his help in protecting his family, which Norman agrees to out of respect for being a family man himself.

In 1951, Tommy and his family live under witness protection in Empire Bay, after Don Salieri and his organisation are arrested and tried for their crimes. A few days after his eldest daughter is married, in which he highlights how family is the most important value to a man, Tommy is visited by Vito Scaletta and Joe Barbaro, who murder him on behalf of Salieri, leaving him to die in his front yard. As his family surrounds him in shock, Tommy tells them all that they are now safe, before succumbing to his wounds.

Mafia Definitive Edition (เฉพาะภาคแรก)
ซื้อได้ที่ https://store.epicgames.com/legendauser/mafia-definitive-edition

MAFIA: TRILOGY (รวมสามภาค)
ซื้อได้ที่ https://store.epicgames.com/legendauser/mafia-trilogy

Mafia: Definitive Edition is an action-adventure video game developed by Hangar 13 and published by 2K Games. A remake of the 2002 video game Mafia, it was announced in May 2020 and was released on September 25, 2020. The game is set within the fictional city of Lost Heaven (based on Chicago) in the 1930s, and follows the rise and fall of taxi driver-turned-mobster Tommy Angelo within the Salieri crime family. The game received favorable reviews from critics, with praise for revitalizing the story, performances, and graphics, although the dated action animations were criticized.

In 1930, during the ongoing Great Depression, impoverished taxi driver Thomas "Tommy" Angelo is strong-armed by two members of the Salieri family - Paulie Lombardo and Sam Trapani - into helping them escape an ambush by members of the Morello Family. While Tommy is compensated for his help, his actions lead him to losing his job when the Morello family target him in an act of revenge the following day. Seeking help from Don Ennio Salieri, Tommy agrees to be a part of his organisation, befriending Paulie and Sam, and becoming romantically involved with Sarah, the daughter of Salieri's bartender. The three men work together to contribute to Salieri's rackets, overseen by Salieri's consigliere Frank Colletti, including protection and bootlegging. In time, Tommy marries Sarah and begins a family with her, all the while working up in the ranks by impressing Salieri.

In 1933, Don Salieri becomes increasingly concerned when Don Marcu Morello begins putting pressure on him, ambushing their operations with bribed police officers and gaining the support of a corrupt prosecutor whose son has been killed by the Salieri family. Tommy finds himself forced to counter these attempts to prevent the organisation being financially weakened. When Salieri assigns him to eliminate an informant at a brothel, he is advised by Sam to spare them instead, allows them to escape in exchange for their silence, covering up his actions. When Frank disappears along with the organisation's account books, Tommy is instructed to locate both, and quickly learns that Morello planned to use the FBI to take down his rival. Convincing Frank to reveal where the books are, Tommy allows him to leave the country with his family, and covers up his actions once again.

In 1935, with prohibition ended and both Mafia families moving out into new rackets, Don Morello attempts to assassinate Salieri, whilst he and Tommy are dining at a restaurant. In retaliation, Salieri declares war and begins weakening Morello's position, damaging his rackets and reducing his influence on law enforcement. Eventually, Tommy works alongside Sam and Paulie to take down Morello, killing him by shooting down a plane he attempts to use to flee the city. By 1938, the Salieri family control the city's rackets, neutralizing anyone who attempts to stop them. Tommy, Sam and Paulie find themselves tasked with recovering a shipment of impounded cigars that had been smuggled into the city, informed that they hide a consignment of diamonds in them. Although the group manage to successfully recover the cargo, Tommy is shocked to discover that Salieri lied, and that the cigars concealed a consignment of drugs.

Disillusioned by the revelation, Tommy convinces Paulie to go ahead with a bank robbery that Sam had advised against. Although the pair manage to complete the job, Tommy finds Paulie murdered in his apartment the following day. When he goes for a meeting with Sam to discuss this, Tommy finds that his efforts to conceal his actions were uncovered by Salieri, and that Sam was ordered to execute him and Paulie for this and the bank job. Left with no choice, Tommy survives the attempt on his life and kills Sam upon learning that Frank and his family were murdered by Salieri's people. With his former allies against him, Tommy goes into hiding and contacts Detective Norman for help, providing his story of his actions. In exchange for testifying against the Salieri family, Tommy requests his help in protecting his family, which Norman agrees to out of respect for being a family man himself.

In 1951, Tommy and his family live under witness protection in Empire Bay, after Don Salieri and his organisation are arrested and tried for their crimes. A few days after his eldest daughter is married, in which he highlights how family is the most important value to a man, Tommy is visited by Vito Scaletta and Joe Barbaro, who murder him on behalf of Salieri, leaving him to die in his front yard. As his family surrounds him in shock, Tommy tells them all that they are now safe, before succumbing to his wounds.

Mafia Definitive Edition (เฉพาะภาคแรก)
ซื้อได้ที่ https://store.epicgames.com/legendauser/mafia-definitive-edition

MAFIA: TRILOGY (รวมสามภาค)
ซื้อได้ที่ https://store.epicgames.com/legendauser/mafia-trilogy

Mafia: Definitive Edition is an action-adventure video game developed by Hangar 13 and published by 2K Games. A remake of the 2002 video game Mafia, it was announced in May 2020 and was released on September 25, 2020. The game is set within the fictional city of Lost Heaven (based on Chicago) in the 1930s, and follows the rise and fall of taxi driver-turned-mobster Tommy Angelo within the Salieri crime family. The game received favorable reviews from critics, with praise for revitalizing the story, performances, and graphics, although the dated action animations were criticized.

In 1930, during the ongoing Great Depression, impoverished taxi driver Thomas "Tommy" Angelo is strong-armed by two members of the Salieri family - Paulie Lombardo and Sam Trapani - into helping them escape an ambush by members of the Morello Family. While Tommy is compensated for his help, his actions lead him to losing his job when the Morello family target him in an act of revenge the following day. Seeking help from Don Ennio Salieri, Tommy agrees to be a part of his organisation, befriending Paulie and Sam, and becoming romantically involved with Sarah, the daughter of Salieri's bartender. The three men work together to contribute to Salieri's rackets, overseen by Salieri's consigliere Frank Colletti, including protection and bootlegging. In time, Tommy marries Sarah and begins a family with her, all the while working up in the ranks by impressing Salieri.

In 1933, Don Salieri becomes increasingly concerned when Don Marcu Morello begins putting pressure on him, ambushing their operations with bribed police officers and gaining the support of a corrupt prosecutor whose son has been killed by the Salieri family. Tommy finds himself forced to counter these attempts to prevent the organisation being financially weakened. When Salieri assigns him to eliminate an informant at a brothel, he is advised by Sam to spare them instead, allows them to escape in exchange for their silence, covering up his actions. When Frank disappears along with the organisation's account books, Tommy is instructed to locate both, and quickly learns that Morello planned to use the FBI to take down his rival. Convincing Frank to reveal where the books are, Tommy allows him to leave the country with his family, and covers up his actions once again.

In 1935, with prohibition ended and both Mafia families moving out into new rackets, Don Morello attempts to assassinate Salieri, whilst he and Tommy are dining at a restaurant. In retaliation, Salieri declares war and begins weakening Morello's position, damaging his rackets and reducing his influence on law enforcement. Eventually, Tommy works alongside Sam and Paulie to take down Morello, killing him by shooting down a plane he attempts to use to flee the city. By 1938, the Salieri family control the city's rackets, neutralizing anyone who attempts to stop them. Tommy, Sam and Paulie find themselves tasked with recovering a shipment of impounded cigars that had been smuggled into the city, informed that they hide a consignment of diamonds in them. Although the group manage to successfully recover the cargo, Tommy is shocked to discover that Salieri lied, and that the cigars concealed a consignment of drugs.

Disillusioned by the revelation, Tommy convinces Paulie to go ahead with a bank robbery that Sam had advised against. Although the pair manage to complete the job, Tommy finds Paulie murdered in his apartment the following day. When he goes for a meeting with Sam to discuss this, Tommy finds that his efforts to conceal his actions were uncovered by Salieri, and that Sam was ordered to execute him and Paulie for this and the bank job. Left with no choice, Tommy survives the attempt on his life and kills Sam upon learning that Frank and his family were murdered by Salieri's people. With his former allies against him, Tommy goes into hiding and contacts Detective Norman for help, providing his story of his actions. In exchange for testifying against the Salieri family, Tommy requests his help in protecting his family, which Norman agrees to out of respect for being a family man himself.

In 1951, Tommy and his family live under witness protection in Empire Bay, after Don Salieri and his organisation are arrested and tried for their crimes. A few days after his eldest daughter is married, in which he highlights how family is the most important value to a man, Tommy is visited by Vito Scaletta and Joe Barbaro, who murder him on behalf of Salieri, leaving him to die in his front yard. As his family surrounds him in shock, Tommy tells them all that they are now safe, before succumbing to his wounds.