關於 surrogate measure ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

#11. Surrogate Measures and Consistent Surrogates - ResearchGate

Download Citation | Surrogate Measures and Consistent Surrogates | Surrogates which allow one to predict the effect of the treatment on the outcome of ...

#12. A Surrogate Measure for the Firm's Investment in Human ...

A Surrogate Measure for the Firm's. Investment in Human Resources. ABRAHAM FRIEDMAN* AND BARUCH LEVt. Human resource accounting is designed to identify, ...

#13. What Are Surrogate Outcome Measures and Why Do They ...

measure, its consideration in clinical stroke research and some of the potential mecha- nisms for failure of surrogate measures will be discussed.

#14. Surrogate Safety Measures in Traffic Safety Analysis | Hindawi

The surrogate safety measures provide a better understanding of collision contributing factors and the failure mechanism that leads to road collisions.

#15. Exposure to a Surrogate Measure of ... - 國家衛生研究院論壇

Exposure to a Surrogate Measure of Contamination From Simulated Patients by Emergency Department Personnel Wearing Personal Protective Equipment.

#16. A surrogate measure for patient reported symptom remission ...

Within the first 100 days, antidepressants use patterns could serve as a surrogate measure for patient-reported remission of symptoms.

#17. Home-Time as a Surrogate Measure for Functional Outcome ...

Home-Time as a Surrogate Measure for Functional Outcome After Stroke: A Validation Study.

#18. A surrogate measure of stomatal aperture

It is proposed that a measurement of the peristomatal groove distance (PGD) of guard cells on surface impressions of leaf epidermis can act as a surrogate ...

#19. Surrogate Measures to Assess Mobility of People as a ...

This study conceptualized a surrogate approach to assess a set of selected social resilience indicators as testbeds in a disaster context.

#20. [PDF] Surrogate Measures of Safety | Semantic Scholar

This chapter overviews surrogate measures of safety to help better understand the related challenges and opportunities and indicates that traffic conflicts ...

#21. Measuring Road Safety with Surrogate Events - 1st Edition

Measuring Road Safety Using Surrogate Events provides researchers and practitioners with the tools they need to quickly and effectively measure traffic ...

#22. Surrogate Measures of Safety | Emerald Insight

Although easier to measure than conflicts, behavioural measures should be used with caution. Research on surrogate measures of safety may ...

#23. Surrogate Safety Measures From Traffic Simulation Models

There is a significant amount of additional effort required to validate that the proposed surrogate measures can adequately assess the safety of particular ...

#24. Early surrogate measures for ablative therapies for ...

... used to treat patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer (IR-PCa), but there is a lack of early surrogate measures in this ...

#25. Brasil - Surrogate endpoints: when to use and when not to use ...

The use of unplanned surrogate outcomes that arise during the study ... outcome may thus be defined: “A surrogate outcome is a laboratory measure or signal ...

#26. Surrogate Measures of Operating Cash Flows and Accruals

We examine the measurement error in surrogate measures of operating cash flows and accruals widely used in the accounting literature.

#27. Comparison of four reliability surrogate measures for water ...

application of so‐called reliability surrogate measures, such as flow entropy, the resilience index, and network resilience, because of their ease of use ...

#28. Novel Crash Surrogate Measure for Freeways - ASCE Library

The surrogate measure, Disturbance Accommodate Index (DAI), is thus proposed to represent the stability of a car-following scenario by ...

#29. 25110 - National Transportation Library

Feasibility of Bluetooth Data as a Surrogate Measure of Vehicle Operations : Technical Summary ... Commercialization of Measurement Technologies ...

#30. Body Mass Index: Considerations for Practitioners - CDC

Although BMI is often considered an indicator of body fatness, it is a surrogate measure of body fat because it measures excess weight rather than excess fat.

#31. Association Between the Use of Surrogate Measures in ...

To assess whether using surrogate versus patient-relevant endpoints in pivotal trials of cancer drugs was associated with health technology ...

#32. Surrogate measures of insulin resistance: of rats, mice, and men

Furthermore, shifts in these surrogates with interventions that shift clamp-based measurements of insulin resistance (20, 21, 29, 31) confirm their utility in ...

#33. The role for infarct volume as a surrogate measure of ... - OAText

The validity of infarct volume as a surrogate measure for functional outcome remains unclear in clinical studies as well as preclinical studies, ...

#34. TRB Surrogate Measures of Safety - Google Sites

Surrogate measures of safety are measures of road safety that do not rely on accident data, i.e. do not require to wait for accidents to happen. Examples ...

#35. Can Lip Strength Be Used as a Surrogate Measure of ...

However, if individuals have hand and/or wrist pain, strength measured via handgrip dynamometry will not give accurate assessments.

#36. Surrogate Measures for Accident Experience at Rural Isolated ...

An accident surrogate measure is defined as a quantifiable observation that can be used in place of or as a supplement to accident records.

#37. U.S. Geological Survey Research on Surrogate ...

Surrogate Measurements for Suspended. Sediment. John R. Gray, Theodore S. Melis, Eduardo Patiño, Matthew. C. Larsen, David J. Topping, Patrick P. Rasmussen, ...

#38. In search of surrogate safety indicators for vulnerable road users

A surrogate safety indicator should also have robust validity. As defined in this article, validity measures the consistency of the relation ...

#39. Surrogate Endpoint | Definitive Healthcare

A surrogate endpoint can be a laboratory measurement, radiographic image, physical sign, or other measures that is not itself a measure of clinical benefit ...

#40. Surrogate safety measure for evaluating rear-end collision risk ...

These earlier studies demonstrated that hazardous traffic con- ditions could be used as a surrogate safety measure. However, these measures are not suitable for ...

#41. StatsMiniBlog: Surrogate, proxy or process? - ADC Online Blog

A surrogate measure is something which the study folk believe is intimately related to the outcome we really want to measure, because it's ...

#42. ESTxENDS Trial: MN Substudy - Micronuclei in Buccal ...

... in Buccal Epithelium, a Surrogate Measure of Future Cancer Risk, ... Measures of MN frequency will test the potential effect of ENDS use ...

#43. Surrogate Endpoints and Drug Regulation: What Is Needed to ...

One key function of biomarkers is to serve as surrogate measures in the pivotal clinical trials testing drugs for regulatory approval.

#44. Derivation and Validation of a New Simulation-based ...

Alternatively, far better surrogate safety measures have been proposed with the development of the traffic conflict technique (TCT). Previous research studies ...

#45. Fractional-order Modeling of the Arterial Compliance - arXiv

Title:Fractional-order Modeling of the Arterial Compliance: An Alternative Surrogate Measure of the Arterial Stiffness.

#46. A Surrogate Measure Of Customer Satisfaction In The ...

A Surrogate Measure Of Customer Satisfaction In The. Manufacture Of Printed Wiring Boards. Adam Y. Maamoun. University of Central Florida, ...

#47. Benefits and Criticisms of Surrogate Endpoints | Nuventra

Surrogate endpoints (or surrogate markers) are measures of effect for specific treatments or drugs in clinical trials. A surrogate endpoint may ...

#48. Surrogate outcome markers in research and clinical practice

A surrogate measure or marker aims to predict a clinical outcome or prognosis. Surrogates are often used in drug or therapeutic intervention.

#49. Use of knee height as a surrogate measure of height in older ...

The study aimed to determine whether knee height would be a more appropriate surrogate measurement than armspan in determining height and body mass index ...

#50. The geometric approach to human stress based on ... - PLOS

... physiological variables selected as Surrogate Markers of Stress (SMS). ... to human stress based on stress-related surrogate measures.

#51. Rev. Mod. Phys. 84, 353 (2012) - Compound-nuclear reaction ...

Compound-nuclear reaction cross sections from surrogate measurements · Jutta E. Escher, Jason T. Burke, Frank S. Dietrich, Nicholas D. Scielzo, ...

#52. SURROGATE OUTCOME MEASURES USED IN CRITICAL ...

Therefore in early phase trials surrogate outcome measures are generally used ... surrogate measure and the clinical endpoint is mortality.

#53. Measuring Road Safety with Surrogate Events 1st Edition ...

Measuring Road Safety with Surrogate Events - Kindle edition by Tarko, Andrew. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets.

#54. The Relationships Among Surrogate Measures of Exposure to ...

Surrogate measurements of personal exposure that are discussed will include: modeled estimates from US Environmental Protection Agency's Assessment System for ...

#55. The use of surrogate end points in cardiovascular disease and ...

as a measure to predict and/or monitor clinical response to an intervention. Surrogate markers are generally more cost-effective or more easily measured than ...

#56. Medial Cartilage Surface Integrity as a Surrogate Measure for ...

Medial Cartilage Surface Integrity as a Surrogate Measure for Incident Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis following Weight Changes.

#57. Evaluation of surrogate measures of insulin sensitivity

We recommend choosing one of the three surrogate measures HOMA-IR, QUICKI and FIRI for analysis of a clinical study. Keywords: Correlation, Insulin sensitivity, ...

#58. Visual Contrast Detection Cannot Be Predicted From ...

Correlations between psychometric function parameters and retinal ganglion cell surrogates were measured by Spearman's rank correlation. Results.: All measures ...

#59. Hepatology may have problems with putative surrogate ...

Surrogate outcome measures occur faster or more often, are cheaper, and/or are less invasively achieved than the clinical outcome. In practice, validation is ...

#60. Surrogate Measures for the Robust Scheduling of Stochastic ...

This study focuses on surrogate measures (SMs) of robustness for the stochastic job shop scheduling problems (SJSSP) with uncertain processing times.

#61. Use of Lateral Position as a Safety Surrogate Measure

This study provides better information about the effectiveness of rural roadway safety countermeasures with a focus on lane departures. The main emphasis of ...

#62. Surrogate measures of insulin sensitivity vs the ... - DiVA Portal

We performed a random effects meta-analysis for each surrogate measure to integrate the correlation coefficients of the different studies.

#63. Biomarkers and Surrogate Endpoints - PhRMA Org

... surrogate endpoints are identified and utilized, they can enhance the research and development process of new medicines by providing new ways to measure ...

#64. Surrogate Markers for Cardiovascular Disease - AHA Journals

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness. Pignoli et al1 validated the concept that intima-media thick- ness (IMT), as measured by B-mode ultrasound and applied.

#65. The validity of serum levels as a surrogate measure of ...

There is no consensus on the best surrogate measure of metal ion exposure. This study investigates whether serum and whole blood ...

#66. Use of surrogate end points in healthcare policy - Nature

Market access and coverage policies for health technologies should ideally be based on clinical trials that assess final outcomes relevant ...

#67. Appendix 5 Translating comparative treatment effects of ...

A surrogate measure is a biomarker that is intended to substitute for one or more target clinical outcomes (TCOs). Although a surrogate measure may or may ...

#68. Surrogate Reactions: Status & Prospects - Nuclear Energy ...

sections cannot be measured directly ... n-induced reactions) via the surrogate approach. ... (n,f) cross sections from surrogate measurements.

#69. Hand length as a surrogate measurement of height - QMU ...

Background: Surrogate height measurements are used in the clinical setting when measured height is unobtainable. Accurate height measurement is a necessary ...

#70. Proactive Safety Assessment in Roadwork Zones: A Synthesis ...

Various surrogate measures of safety have been developed in the traffic safety literature including time to collision, time to accident, gap time, ...

#71. 1 Introduction | Evaluation of Biomarkers and Surrogate ...

For example, the method used to measure body temperature matters. ... A surrogate outcome measure is simply one that is used in place of a clinical endpoint ...

#72. Point-of-Care Viscosity Surrogate Measurement Through ...

Point-of-Care Viscosity Surrogate Measurement Through Utilization of Smartphone Sensors and Custom 3D Printed Design. Awaiz Khan,.

#73. Clean Water Act Federal Assurances for - Washington State ...

How are surrogates used in TMDLs? Surrogate measures are used for TMDL allocations when—. • The direct pollutant is too expensive or too ...

#74. a hospital-based cross sectional study - IHSN Survey Catalog

Title, Determining an anthropometric surrogate measure for identifying low ... This study aimed at identifying a reliable anthropometric measurement for ...

#75. Validation of Surrogate Endpoints - Juniper Publishers

Finally in clinical trials a surrogate endpoint is a measure of effect that may correlate with a real clinical endpoint but does.

#76. Sediment Surrogate Techniques | U.S. Geological Survey

USGS develops and uses “surrogate” techniques to estimate sediment at times when it can't be physically measured through samples.

#77. Surrogate Measurement for Chemical, Bacterial Contamination

Surrogate Measurement for Chemical, Bacterial Contamination. Total organic carbon (TOC) analysis measures the carbon content of dissolved and particulate ...

#78. Surrogate Measures of Adiposity and Cardiometabolic Risk

Surrogate Measures of General and Central Adiposity. Body mass index. A measure of general adiposity, body mass index (BMI) is the.

#79. White Paper SURROGATE MEASURES OF SAFETY

Research on surrogate measures of safety was among them. The Highway Safety Manual (HSM) is the anticipated product of a current major ...

#80. Preoperative Renal Volume: A Surrogate Measure for Radical ...

Abstract Objectives: Surgically induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been found to have less impact on survival as well as function when ...

#81. What's the difference between a "surrogate metric" and a ...

A correlated measure could be used as a proxy/surrogate, but if it is not, then it is just (possibly one of many) correlated measures. I wouldn' ...

#82. What is the difference between an Internal Standard and ...

A surrogate is an analyte added to a sample prior to extraction. An internal standard is used to measure the relative responses of analytes ...

#83. Surrogate measures

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#84. Surrogate measure - Conservapedia

A Surrogate measure is a measurement taken with the intent to gain insight into a variable that is either impractical to measure directly, ...

#85. International surrogacy arrangements - Immigration and ...

Commercial surrogacy is where the surrogate mother makes a profit from ... We assess applications for citizenship by descent according to ...

#86. What is SURROGATE ENDPOINT? What does ... - YouTube

#87. Surrogate Endpoints In Cancer Trials - Drug Discovery World

A surrogate endpoint can be defined as a substitute measurement of benefit (derived from Latin surrogare – to substitute). A biomarker is a ...

#88. Clinical Research in Oral Health - 第 227 頁 - Google 圖書結果

These are referred to as surrogate measures or endpoints.Fleming and DeMets (1996) define a surrogate endpoint as a laboratory measurement or physical sign ...

#89. surrogate measure - 中国的翻译- Cncontext

I much prefer the answer that Art is just a preparation, an emergency measure, a surrogate... 然而我倾向的答案是艺术仅仅是开化前的准备最后的手段一种替代.

#90. Temperature measurement pdf - KURS

The other scales used to measure the temperature are Celsius or Fahrenheit. ... as a surrogate measure of Tc without causing discomfort to the user.

#91. Heterologous primary and booster COVID-19 vaccination

Nevertheless this measure raised questions linked to the quality and ... higher, albeit non-significant), as measured by the surrogate virus ...

#92. Surrogate matching | Hatch Egg Donation and Surrogacy

We measure success not by "time to match" but "time to pregnancy". Once you and your intended parents mutually approve the recommendation, a video match ...

#93. Measuring Health-~elated Quality of Life

Minimal resources required. Telephone. Self. Surrogate responders. Reduces stress for target group (very elderly or sick). The Structure of HRQL Measures.

#94. European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Journal ...

The published data indicate that estimated surrogate measurements for ... The Estimating versus Measuring Plasma Volume and Kidney Function ...

#95. GRADE handbook - GRADEpro

3.4 Surrogate (substitute) outcomes ... outcome as well as a measure of the uncertainty associated with that estimate (typically a confidence interval).

#96. Application of Surrogate Measures to Improve Treatment Plant ...

observations varied from 1 to 10 organisms per liter (i.e., 1 log) with one Giardia observation exceeding 10/L. All of the potential surrogates, ...

#97. Surrogate endpoints in clinical trial - SlideShare

Surrogate end points A surrogate end point, or marker, is a laboratory measurement or physical sign that is used in therapeutic trials as a substitute for a ...