關於 the bottom of society ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

Daily advice for HK immigrants to the West:

Regarding parenting, you need to help your children become financially responsible. This may mean that they’ll have to start working as soon as they’re working age to get perspective of the value of a dollar. In the US, working age is 16. During my summer, I worked in a grocery store. My wife also worked in various jobs when she was a teen. Both my boys worked during their university years, sometimes full-time. Your children need to learn to take pride in earning from the bottom rung of society to appreciate what it means to budget their spending. Some parents start requiring their kids to start buying their own clothes, all the way from shoes, underwear to their coolest school outfit. That’s the policy in my house, not because I don't have any money to buy them any of those things. It’s about learning to budget and save early on. The sooner they learn financial sense, the better. There’s only so much business school can teach your kids.

[翻轉視界] 孤軍奮戰的正義律師: 羅伯‧比洛特

Have you seen the film Dark Waters?

你看過電影《黑水風暴》嗎？

The film is based on the 2016 New York Times Magazine article "The Lawyer Who Became DuPont's Worst Nightmare," which describes Robert Bilott's case against the chemical manufacturing corporation DuPont after they contaminated a town with unregulated chemicals.

這部電影改編自紐約時報2016年的文章《成為杜邦最糟糕的噩夢的律師》，講述律師羅伯‧比洛特對抗化學製造廠「杜邦」的故事，該廠以未被規範的化學物質污染了一個小鎮。

Robert Bilott put his career, his family, everything on the line to win justice for tens of thousands if not millions of people. It is because of people like him, people who continue to speak out and take action against injustice, that our society continues to improve. Thank you, Mr. Bilott.

羅伯‧比洛特壓上一切，包括自己的事業、家庭，與為數達到萬人、甚至數百萬的民眾捍衛正義。正因有像他這樣的人持續為對抗不公不義發聲與採取行動，我們的社會才能不斷進步。謝謝你，比洛特先生。

Here’s a Times article that describes both the film and its portray of Mr. Bilott’s struggle to bring justice. I highly recommend the film.

以下是《Time 時代雜誌》的文章，介紹了這部電影並描繪了比洛特先生伸張正義所做的努力；我強烈推薦《黑水風暴》。

新聞報導: https://youtu.be/Tkkuil-U6qQ

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Rob Bilott, a corporate lawyer-turned-environmental crusader, doesn’t much care if he’s made enemies over the years. "I’ve been dealing with this for almost three decades," he says. "I can’t really worry about if the people on the other side like me or not."

•a corporate lawyer 企業律師
•environmental crusader 環境鬥士
•make enemies 樹敵、建立敵人

羅伯‧比洛特是位由企業律師轉變而成的環境鬥士，對自己多年來是否樹敵並不在意。「我已處理這問題近三十年了，」他說，「我根本不在意立場相對的人是否喜歡我」。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Bilott used to be on the other side. The Todd Haynes-directed movie Dark Waters, tells the story of how the lawyer switched allegiances. As happened in real life, the movie depicts Ruffalo’s Bilott as a lawyer who defends large chemical companies before he is approached for help in 1998 by Wilbur Tennant, a West Virginia farmer whose land was contaminated by chemical giant DuPont. Inflamed by that injustice, and the complicity of local authorities, the lawyer risks his career as he embarks on a decades-long legal siege of one of America’s most powerful corporations.

•switch allegiances 轉換陣營
•depict 描述
•complicity 共謀；串通；共犯
•DuPont 杜邦（世界排名第二大的美國化工公司）

比洛特曾站在企業那一邊。由陶德·海恩斯導演的《黑水風暴》講述這位律師如何轉換陣營：正如真實生活中發生的，該電影描述馬克·魯法洛所扮演的比洛特是一名任職大型化學企業的律師。1998年，一位土地被化學製造巨頭杜邦所污染的西維吉尼亞州農民威爾伯·坦納特，向他尋求幫助。不公義及地方當局的共謀激怒了這名律師；冒著斷送職涯的風險，他開始對美國最有權力的公司之一杜邦，進行長達數十年的法律圍攻。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

He works, at first, on Tennant’s behalf, then pursues a class action suit representing around 70,000 people living near a chemical plant that allegedly contaminated drinking water with PFOA, a toxic chemical used in the production of Teflon. In recent years, studies have correlated long-term exposure to PFOA with a number of illnesses, including some types of cancer.

•on behalf of sb/in behalf of sb; on sb's behalf/in sb's behalf 代表～；作為～的代表；代替～ ; 因為，為了～的利益
•a chemical plant 化學工廠
•allegedly 宣稱地；據傳地
•contaminate drinking water 污染飲用水
•perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 全氟辛酸銨

他一開始先代表威爾伯·坦納特進行訴訟，之後代表約七萬名居住在化學工廠附近的居民進行訴訟，據稱該工廠以全氟辛酸（PFOA）污染了飲用水。PFOA是一種用於製造鐵氟龍的有毒化學物質；近幾年有研究表明，長期暴露於PFOA與許多疾病相關，其中包括某些癌症。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

In 2017, Bilott won a $671 million settlement on behalf of more than 3,500 plaintiffs. Those people claimed they had contracted diseases, among them kidney cancer and testicular cancer, from chemicals DuPont allegedly knew may have been dangerous for decades, and allowed to contaminate their drinking water anyway.

•settlement 協議；和解（金）；定居；支付
•plaintiff 原告
•contract a disease 患病、染病
•kidney cancer 腎臟癌

2017年，比洛特代表超過3500名原告贏得了6.71億美金的和解金。這些原告聲稱他們患病，其中包括腎臟癌與睪丸癌，是由於那些杜邦疑似早在數十年前就知道危險、卻仍然放任污染飲用水的化學物質。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

In Dark Waters, Haynes emphasizes the seemingly endless fight taken up by Bilott, as DuPont brings its considerable resources to bear to defend itself over the course of two decades. According to one analyst, the film’s potential to raise awareness about these issues could have a serious effect on some chemical companies’ bottom lines. But for the real Rob Bilott, the work of taking the industry to court is far from over. In October 2018, the lawyer filed a new lawsuit against several companies, including 3M, Arkema, and Chemours, a manufacturer spun off from DuPont in 2015. That ongoing case is seeking class action status, and was initially brought on behalf of Kevin Hardwick, a firefighting veteran of 40 years who used fire-suppression foams and firefighting equipment containing a class of chemicals known as PFAS, or polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFOA is one type of PFAS chemical).

•seemingly endless fight 看似永無止境的鬥爭
•considerable resources 為數可觀、相當多的資源
•raise awareness about… 激發對～的警覺
•far from over 遠遠不夠
•file a lawsuit 提起新訴訟
•seek class action status 尋求集體訴訟（派一方代表訴訟）地位
•polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) 全氟烷基物質（廣泛被用來作為表面塗料，不易分解、會產生污染）

在《黑水風暴》中，海恩斯強調那些比洛特所參與的看似是個永無止盡的鬥爭，因為杜邦二十多年來動用可觀的資源來為自身辯護。根據一位分析師，本電影可能激發大眾對此類議題的警覺，或是將對一些化學公司的利潤帶來嚴重影響。但對真正的羅伯‧比洛特而言，僅將杜邦送上法庭遠遠不夠。2018年10月，這位律師針對好幾家公司提起新訴訟，對象包括3M、阿科瑪與2015年從杜邦拆分出來的製造公司科慕。這起進行中的訴訟案正尋求集體訴訟地位，而該案件初始是為凱文．哈德沃克提起的，一位有40年經驗的消防員，他長期使用一種含全氟烷基物質（PFAS）或多氟烷基（polyfluoroalkyl）物質的滅火泡沫與消防器材。（註：PFOA是一種 PFAS化學物。）

★★★★★★★★★★★★

PFAS chemicals are used in products ranging from waterproof jackets to shaving cream, and they can leach into water supplies in areas where they are disposed of or used in fire suppression (in particular on military bases, where they have been used for years). According to Bilott’s complaint, studies currently suggest that PFAS is present in the blood of around 99% of Americans. The class of chemicals has broadly been linked to immune system disruption, while PFOA specifically has been found to be associated with cancers and other diseases. Bilott’s newest lawsuit, as with his prior cases, alleges that these companies knew for decades that PFAS chemicals, specifically PFOA, could be linked to serious health problems, and that they still assured the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other U.S. government regulators that PFAS exposures were harmless.

•range from…to… 從～到～
•leach into 過濾、滲入
•water supply 供水，給水
•be linked to 與～有關
•be associated with 與～相關
•assure 保證
•government regulators 政府監管、立法單位
•exposure (n.) 暴露

PFAS化學物質應用廣泛，從防水夾克到刮鬍泡，而他們可以滲入可能或被用於滅火的地區的供水之中（尤其在軍中，這種物質被使用多年）。據比洛特控訴，目前研究顯示，約99%的美國人血液中有PFAS存在。這種化學物質與免疫系統遭破壞有關，而PFOA則被發現跟癌症與其他疾病相關。比洛特最新的訴訟一如先前的案件，宣稱這些公司數十年來都知道PFAS化學物質，尤其是PFOA可能與重大健康問題相關，但他們仍舊向環保局與其他美國政府監管單位保證，說 PFAS的暴露是無害的。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

"What we’re hearing once again from those companies that put those chemicals out there, knowing that they would get into the environment and into our blood, is that there’s insufficient evidence to show that they present risks to humans who are exposed," explains Bilott. "These companies are going to sit back and say, we’re entitled to…use you as guinea pigs, yet those of you who are exposed are somehow the ones who are going to have to prove what these 'chemicals' do to you."

•insufficient evidence 證據不足
•present risks 存在危險
•a guinea pig（通常用於測試藥效的）實驗對象，供做實驗的人 ; 豚鼠，天竺鼠

「我們又再次耳聞這些公司，明知那些化學製品會流入環境並進入我們的血液，卻仍將其暴露在環境裡，並宣稱沒有足夠證據證明暴露的化學物質將置人類於風險之中，」比洛特解釋道，「這些公司坐視不理並說，他們有權將人們當成實驗對象，而你們這些暴露在化學物質中的人，卻將證實那些化學物質會對造成什麼影響。」

★★★★★★★★★★★★

"If we can’t get where we need to go to protect people through our regulatory channels, through our legislative process, then unfortunately what we have left is our legal process," says Bilott. "If that’s what it takes to get people the information they need and to protect people, we’re willing to do it."

•regulatory channels 管制途徑
•legislative process 立法程序

「如果我們無法透過管制途徑、立法程序來保護人們，那麼不幸的是，我們只剩下法律程序，」比洛特表示，「如果這就是讓人們得到所需要的資訊、保護人們所要付出的努力，我們願意這樣做。」

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Robert Bilott is a true hero.

羅伯‧比洛特是真正的英雄。

文章來自於《Time 時代雜誌》 : https://time.com/5737451/dark-waters-true-story-rob-bilott/

圖片出處: Cincinnati Enquirer

★★★★★★★★★★★★

翻轉視界: http://bit.ly/3fPvKUs

2020 ZA Share International EXPO of Educational Alternatives and Innovations

from 12 pm November 21 to 12 pm November 22 (GMT+8), completely online for 24-hours! I couldn't be more excited to invite you to join!

here is the EXPO entrance link: http://zashare2020.org

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This year, there will be three main tracks happening simultaneously at the ZA Share Expo:

1. EXPO Website as RPG
First, the main Exhibition Website will be a website-based role-playing game, which will be as easy to access as any website. If you visit the Exhibition, you will become a lost Star Wanderer that collided on planet Earth in ZA Share Era VI and embark on a journey to find your way back to your own orbit. During this journey, you have to visit different space stations (learn from different exhibitors) to collect the required materials to fly back to your orbit!

2. 24hr Non-Stop Online TV Channel
Second, there will be a video channel that plays various programs 24-hour non-stop, just like any other TV channel! On the video channel, you'll see reality shows featuring alternative learning opportunities, such as farming and airplane-flying; talk shows with celebrities, politicians, and academics in Taiwan on transforming education in different sectors; and the Taiwan International Education Summit (TIES), which will be featuring education pioneers from Japan, Korea, India to the United States on Towards an Anti-Fragile Paradigm in Education: Shifting from the focus from EE (Effectiveness & Efficiency) to RR (Resilience & Robustness) .

3. Virtual Lounge -- Host or Join Open Spaces for Free!
Third, to foster spontaneous co-learning, networking, and joy, everyone is welcomed to host an Open Space in whatever format, and the registration form and Realtime Bulletin Board is already live! Why not join the play with friends around the world?

At ZA Share, we strive to facilitate meaningful connections between our exhibitors and our visitors. A large portion of them are young adults aged 18 to 30 and young teachers and parents aged 30 to 45. Many are unsatisfied with education's status quo, so attend our expo to be inspired, explore the other possibilities to learning, and find out actions they can take to make a difference.

With a considerable community size from the bottom-up, our expo also served as a platform to bridge civic action with government-industry-academia collaboration. Aestheticell, for example, is a civic project founded by a group of then-college students. When they first showcased their dream to bring aesthetics to Taiwanese textbooks at ZA Share 2016, they received the support to make their dream a reality -- Their designs were eventually accepted and published by major textbook publishers across the country, later even received a national design award.

We believe that to change society, participation in social change has to become a "trend." Fortunately, with the joint effort with all of our partners and community members, the number of Taiwanese students pursuing alternative or innovative forms of accredited education (i.e., Experimental Education, as defined by the Taiwan government) has five folded in the previous five years!

If you also want to make educational alternatives and innovations more widely acceptable and accessible, why don't you join us to have fun together and spread the word? AERO members such as North Star, Agile Learning Centers, and Sri Aria are all exhibiting at the ZA Share Expo this year!

EXPO SUMMIT HOST AN OPEN SPACE
Again, we deeply appreciate your effort in making a different kind of education possible. We genuinely hope to see you at the ZA Share Global PopUp School!

Sincerely,
Ozzie Su
CEO of ZA Share and Ozzie Arts and Curation

我們的社會最美的地方
是我們有很多各式各樣的人。
大家都是有自己的特色而這些的 「不一樣」都是讓我們獨特而發光。
希望我們可以多一點同理心與關懷對於每一個人在這個社會
因為我們都是一樣在於
「我們都不一樣」。
那才是美.

蔡依林 Jolin Tsai 這首歌真的太棒了。我有一天聽完想到了這個cover MV裡面的劇情。有的時候，不了解我們的人都是有他們自己的恐懼與害怕。只是要懂得如何達成一個橋樑，讓別人去了解，那才是有機會讓我們互相成長。謝謝所有幫我一起完成次作品的朋友們。我真的很感謝你們！（請往下滑來認識這些talented people）

來慶祝 Pride Month。 Be proud of who you are

Our society is beautiful.
We have so many different people living together; each person with his or her own uniqueness.
Our differences is what gives us "color" and what makes each and every one of us special in our own ways.
We should learn to embrace these colors, rather than use our differences to separate us and categorize into "normal" and "abnormal."
I sincerely hope that in time, people in our society start to accept each other for who they are, and appreciate the differences rather than fear them. Our differences are make us individually unique and beautiful.

Jolin Tsai's song "Womxnly" is one of my favorite songs. Not only was her original composition amazing, but also the lyrics. I came up with this storyline for my cover music video one day while listening to this song, and I am grateful for all of those who made it possible to create. Please take the time to look at the credits at the bottom of the description.
Hope you like the video.

In celebration of the pride month~ Be proud of who you are.

【Credits】
「玫瑰少年 Womxnly」
原唱：蔡依林 Jolin
作詞：蔡依林、五月天阿信、歌詞協力: 陳怡茹
作曲：剃刀蔣、蔡依林
編曲：劉傑洛 Ziro Liu / IG: ziroliu

主演 Actors：
郭濬瑋(女王）/ IG：queen0214queen0214
樊小蕓 Sharon Landon / IG: thesharonlandon
田雨璇 Anna Tian / IG: annatian0408

導演/攝影 Director/Videographer：
Tom Chen / IG: tom.tom.yjc

後製 Post-Production：
Tom Chen

編劇 Storyboard： 榮忠豪 Stephen Rong / IG: therongone

妝髮 Make-up/Hair：
田雨璇 Anna Tian / IG: annatianmakeup

翻譯Translations
Charlie Rong 榮忠誠 / IG: chenchenrong

Special Thanks：
Ming-Ming Chang
永吉路的水果攤 妹妹們 （謝謝你們臨時當我們臨時演員）