【健康危機】高血壓是身體響起警號
⭐高血壓會引起多種致命疾病
⭐養成定期量血壓習慣
#星期四食材
小心高鈉食物
高血壓是一種動脈血壓升高的慢性疾病,分為原發性及續發性,續發性高血壓有明確病因,例如懷孕、內分泌異常、腎病等;而原發性高血壓與遺傳、年齡、體重等有關,如果父母都患有高血壓,子女遺傳機率可高達六成,而患病率隨年齡增長而增加,所以如有高血壓的遺傳風險,宜檢視生活與飲食方式,遠離疾病。
常說吃太鹹的食物容易導致高血壓,其實導致高血壓元兇是鈉,鈉不只存在於鹽裡,有些吃起來不太鹹的食物鈉含量都相當高,故購買包裝食物要留意營養標籤,世界衞生組織建議成人每日的鈉攝取量應少於2000毫克(即略少於一平茶匙鹽)。
常見高鈉食物:
白麵包 — 「無味」的白麵包加入鹽及酸度調節劑乙酸鈉等製作
麵條 — 杯麵鈉含量高,有些乾麵條鈉含量也不少
燒味 — 燒味製作時加入大量調味料
醬料 — 豉油、蠔油、雞粉、鹵水汁、魚露、蝦醬等都是高鈉調味料
罐頭 — 為延長罐頭保質期製作時添加鹽分
湯 — 湯底味道越濃郁,鈉含量就越高
醃製食品 — 火腿、香腸、午餐肉、榨菜、泡菜、鹹蛋等都是高鈉食物
零食 — 薯片、蝦片、餅乾、魷魚絲等小小一片鈉含量都很高
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Beware of high-sodium foods
Hypertension is a chronic disease related the pressure of blood pushing against the arteries. There are two types of hypertension — primary and secondary. Secondary hypertension has apparent causes, for instance, pregnancy, endocrine disorders, and kidney problems. On the other hand, primary or essential hypertension is associated with hereditary, age, and weight.
If both parents suffer from hypertension, their children have a 60% chance of inheriting it. Chances of having hypertension would also increase with age. If you are at risk, do observe and adjust your lifestyle and dietary habits to keep hypertension at bay.
People always tell us that eating extremely salty food can cause hypertension. The main culprit of hypertension is actually sodium, which does not only exist in salt, but also foods that are not even salty. Therefore, keep an eye on the nutritional label of foods before buying them. The World Health Organization suggests that an adult should consume less than 2000mg of sodium per day. This is equivalent to less than one teaspoon of salt.
Foods that are high in sodium:
White bread — contains salt and acidity regulator like sodium acetates
Noodles — cup noodles and some dried noodles have high sodium content
Roasted foods — spices and seasonings are ingredients used to enrich the flavor of roasted foods
Sauces — soy sauce, oyster sauce, chicken stock powder, braised and brined sauce, fish sauce, and shrimp paste are all high in sodium
Canned foods — sodium is added to canned foods to extend their shelf life
Soup — soup that is rich in flavor normally contains a lot of sodium
Pickled foods — ham, hot dog, luncheon meat, pickled mustard, and salted egg are high-sodium foods
Snacks — potato chips, prawn crackers, biscuits, and even dried shredded squid are high in sodium
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#男 #女
同時也有10000部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過2,910的網紅コバにゃんチャンネル,也在其Youtube影片中提到,...
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types of hypertension 在 CheckCheckCin Facebook 的最讚貼文
【過敏人生】皮膚痕發作必有原因
⭐每人對發物反應不同
⭐宜做個人飲食記錄
#星期四食材
慎防蔬菜類發物
但凡患有濕疹、瘡、疥、癬等皮膚病,長輩們都會苦口婆心叮囑不要吃牛、鵝、鴨、蝦、蟹、無鱗魚等食物,以免加重病情,這些食物中醫稱之為「發物」,發物有助邪的意思,是指能引起舊患復發、將新病加重的食物,患有暗瘡、濕疹、風疹、皮膚病或容易過敏人士要避免食用。以為多吃蔬菜就萬無一失?!其實蔬菜類亦有不少動風、助火及生痰滯氣發物,容易誘發皮膚瘡瘍腫毒,要小心留意,避免皮膚病發作。
常見蔬菜類發物:
茄子 — 為動風發物,性涼,有清熱活血,寬腸通便的功效,適合三高及有痔瘡人士食用。正因其性涼,脾胃虛寒易腹瀉,有皮膚病如濕疹或皮膚過敏、哮喘、癌症、紅斑狼瘡症患者不宜。
竹筍 — 為動風發物,性涼,具清熱化痰、利二便功效,由於筍含豐富纖維,所以具通便效果。惟注意竹筍容易透發或加重皮膚瘡瘍腫毒症狀,皮膚敏感、濕疹患者或容易出風癩者不宜吃。
菇菌 — 為動風食品,一般性平或偏涼,生長在潮濕陰暗處,屬於濕氣重的食物。
南瓜 — 為生痰滯氣發物,性溫,有補中益氣、解毒消腫、潤肺益氣、平喘化痰的功效,對久病後氣虛、乏力、便溏及脾胃虛弱尤其適合。由於屬性溫熱,本身有胃熱、濕熱、氣滯,及易有胃脹的人就要少吃。
芋頭 — 為生痰滯氣發物,性平,能健脾胃及化痰散結,適合淋巴腫大、婦女乳腺增生者服用。脾胃氣虛及有習慣性便秘等人士都適合。
洋蔥 — 為助火發物,性溫,具祛風發汗、行氣化痰、降血壓、降血脂功效,特別適合風寒感冒患者食用。便秘、發熱口渴、皮膚瘡癢、濕疹患者等不宜進食。
韭菜 — 為助火發物,性熱,具健胃暖中、溫腎助陽、散瘀活血功效,適合偏寒體質、陽虛怕冷、腰膝酸軟、男士陽事衰弱、尿頻人士;女士陽氣不足以致行經小腹冷痛食用。由於性熱,陰虛火旺者不宜食用。
薑 — 為助火發物,薑性溫,有發汗散寒、溫中止嘔的功效,對於虛寒體質如陽虛的人士尤其適合,可紓緩因風寒感冒而引起的怕冷頭痛、胃寒引起的胃痛,以及虛寒型經痛等症狀。
蔥 — 為助火發物,性溫,有發汗解表、健胃殺菌、通陽氣散陰寒的作用,能紓緩初起的風寒感冒、鼻敏感、頭痛、胃寒等症狀。體質偏熱、陰虛火旺人士不宜多吃。
蒜 — 為助火發物,性溫,具暖脾胃、行滯氣、降血脂、殺菌功效,適合感冒病人食用,能舒緩初起的風寒感冒、食滯等症狀。由於屬性溫熱,陰虛火旺、身體有偏熱症狀如口瘡、暗瘡、喉嚨痛者不宜食用。
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Beware of vegetables that are stimulating
The elders will often advise young people not to eat beef, goose, duck, prawn, crab, and fish without scales if they suffer from skin diseases like eczema, scab, scabies, and ringworm. Eating these foods, they believe, can exacerbate the problems.
According to Chinese physicians, these foods can trigger pathogenic factors to react, causing a relapse of a pre-existing condition and, to a certain extent, might worsen the problem. Individuals with acne, eczema, rubella, and sensitive skin or any skin diseases should avoid eating them.
How about vegetables? In fact, there are certain vegetables that can also induce phlegm, stagnate the qi, and lead to heat accumulation in the body, triggering old wounds to relapse. To prevent skin diseases from occurring, we have to be extra mindful.
Common stimulating vegetables:
Eggplant – wind activated stimulant. Cool in nature, can clear heat and promote blood circulation, loosen the bowels to relieve constipation. Suitable for those with hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, haemorrhoids. Because of its cold nature, those with asthenic and cold spleen and stomach, those prone to diarrhea, skin diseases such as eczema or skin allergies, and those with asthma, cancer, and lupus should not eat.
Bamboo shoots - wind activated stimulant. Cool in nature, can clear heat and relieve phlegm and is healthy for urine and bowel movement. The high fibre content can relieve constipation. Please note bamboo shoot is a wind activated stimulant and can trigger skin sores issues so those skin allergy, eczema, and those prone to hives should avoid.
Mushroom - wind activated stimulant. Generally mild or cool in nature. It grows in a humid and dark place, and it has heavy dampness.
Pumpkin - food that induces phlegm and qi stagnation. Warm in nature, can replenish vital energy and strengthen qi, detoxify and relieve swelling, and moisten the lungs. It has healing effects to relieve asthma and decrease phlegm. It is especially suitable for those recovering from chronic illness with qi deficiency, those with loose stool and asthenic spleen and stomach. Although it is full of benefits and nutrients, pumpkins are warm in nature, so those with heat in stomach, damp heat, qi stagnation, or prone to abdominal bloating should avoid pumpkins.
Taro - food that induces phlegm and qi stagnation. Mild in nature, can strengthen the spleen and stomach and reduce phlegm. It is suitable for those with lymphatic swelling and eccyclomastoma. Those with asthenic spleen and stomach or chronic constipation can also have taro.
Onion - fire activated stimulant. Warm in nature, can dispel wind and promote perspiration, promote qi circulation and relieve phlegm, lower blood pressure and blood Iipids. It is especially suitable for those with cold-wind flu. Those with constipation, heat and thirst, itchy skin, sores on skin and eczema should avoid.
Chives - fire activated stimulant. Hot in nature, can warm the stomach, warm the kidneys and nourish yang, relieve bruising and promote blood circulation. Suitable for those with cold body types, yang deficiency, aversion to cold, weak and sore lower back and knees, men with frequent urination, insufficient yang qi that leads to abdominal pain. Due to its hot nature, those with asthenic yin should avoid.
Ginger - fire activated stimulant. Warm in nature, has the effects to promote perspiration and dispel cold, warm the body and relieve vomiting. It is especially suitable for those with asthenic cold body types such as yang deficiency, as it can relieve aversion to cold and headache caused by cold wind flu, stomach pain caused by cold stomach, and asthenic cold type menstrual pain.
Spring onion - fire activated stimulant. Warm in nature. Induces sweating, activates yang qi to dispel yin chill. Relieves early symptoms of wind-chill flu, nasal allergies, headaches, and cold stomach. Not suitable for those with heat-related symptoms, with yin deficiency and excessive internal heat.
Garlic - fire activated stimulant. Warm in nature, can warm both the spleen and the stomach, improve qi stagnation, and help relieve cold and flu at the initial stage. Nevertheless, individuals with heat related symptoms should not consume garlic, such as canker sores, acne and sore throat.
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#男 #女 #濕疹 #暗瘡
types of hypertension 在 李木生醫師 Facebook 的最佳解答
目前新冠肺炎疫苗在全球的施打已經超過一億劑,我們期待新冠肺炎病毒感染的速率持續的緩和,能讓世界各地的生活盡快恢復正常,然而國外也陸續傳來施打疫苗後產生不良反應的案例,針對接種疫苗的利弊風險,各國的政府和專案也開始有許多討論。
在台灣,AZ疫苗已經開打幾週了,在這段期間有很多病人問我能不能去接種AZ 疫苗,我想從一位婦產科醫師的角度出發,跟大家分享自己的觀點,讓大家在跟醫師們討論需不需要接種時,能先有初步的觀念。
AZ疫苗可能造成的不良反應
目前國際上接種AZ 疫苗後出現嚴重不良反應的案例有兩種最受矚目:一種是嚴重的過敏反應;另外一種則是凝血過多或不足的反應。
這兩種不良反應的發生率都小於10萬分之一,很難在疫苗臨床試驗階段被發掘出來,因此只能在疫苗流通到市場後,依靠健全的通報系統蒐集更完整的數據,才有機會分析疫苗與不良反應之間的關聯。
以嚴重過敏反應來說,任何疫苗都可能因為載體的關係產生嚴重的過敏反應,所以病人在施打疫苗過後的30分鐘內,一定要留在施打的醫療院所接受觀察。AZ疫苗中使用的為Polysorbate80 或類似的分子,如果你之前曾經因為接種疫苗而有過敏反應,應該要在接種前詢問醫師AZ疫苗的載體與該次引起過敏的疫苗載體是否相同,以利避免風險。
另外一種不良反應與與血液相關,這一點比較受爭議。在2500多萬個施打的個案中,出現86 個血液異常的不良反應,大部份的這些個案都是女性而且發生在施打的頭2個禮拜。德國、法國和義大利等20幾個國家因此一度暫停施打AZ疫苗,雖然機率不大,但誰都不想冒這個險。但有些歐洲國家和澳洲最近又恢復施打,但建議50歲以下接種其他疫苗 (也有國家說30歲以下) 原因是不同專家對於這些異常凝血的不良反應與AZ疫苗的相關性有不同的見解。
婦女接種AZ疫苗前宜停看聽
對於目前正在服用避孕藥或女性荷爾蒙的女性來說,施打AZ疫苗會不會增加血栓的風險呢? 坦白說,目前資訊還不是非常完整,所以我暫時無法評論,但後續會密切注意最新的研究報告,有進一步消息,會再跟大家分享。
對於目前正在備孕,或是即將成為準媽媽的女性來說,更是需要持續追蹤這款疫苗的不良反應,因為如果病患在懷孕期間不幸感染新冠肺炎,因此發生嚴重呼吸道疾病的機率高達未孕女性的3倍,而且因為媽媽發燒或肺炎病毒造成胎兒發育不良的機率也大幅增高。相對的,在AZ臨床試驗中施打疫苗後發現懷孕的女性約有一萬人,正接受持續的密切追蹤,截至目前為止尚無證據顯示AZ疫苗會對母親或胎兒健康造成嚴重影響。這些案例和研究資訊告訴我們,女性朋友們在施打這個疫苗前更需要審慎的個別的情況,才能跟醫師有充份的溝通和討論。
誰該接種AZ疫苗?誰需要小心?
那麼在實務上究竟應不應該建議接種AZ疫苗呢?我認為決定的因素有幾個:
病人接觸新冠肺炎的風險
台灣目前沒有社區感染,感染病毒的機會並不高,只是境外移入仍存在風險,短期來說,若是爆發社區感染才開始接種疫苗,也需要等三個禮拜以上才能形成有效地保護力。而長遠來說,國人還是需要接種疫苗達到一定比率才能安全的開放國門。若是因為工作需要出國的朋友,就應該依目的地的盛行率做決定,像是在歐美地區,接種疫苗的好處明顯的大於壞處;而像我一樣的醫護人員,在工作上比較有可能接觸到病毒帶原者,感染的風險也會較高,也應該考慮接種疫苗,增加保護力。
病人是否罹患慢性病
研究顯示有高血壓、糖尿病或BMI >30的病患在感染新冠肺炎病毒後,更容易而產生嚴重的呼吸道疾病,因為健康上的風險高,上述慢性病的病患也可以考慮接種疫苗。若有上述問題但懷孕的婦女,則應與婦產科醫師討論其利弊。
備孕或懷孕中的婦女
接種AZ疫苗後,有超過半數的人反應接種處疼痛、倦怠或頭痛的問題,而且大約有1成的人會發燒,雖然這些不良反應都是暫時的,很快就會消失,若希望盡可能避免懷孕初期發燒的情況,計劃懷孕或孕期中的女性可以考慮懷孕初期避開接種疫苗。有些證據顯示若接種第一劑後懷孕,在生產後才接種第二劑也能提供相同的保護,不需再重打第一劑。若孕期間接種其他疫苗如百日咳與流感疫苗則與AZ疫苗的施打需考慮間隔約兩個禮拜。
接種AZ疫苗有利有弊,除了關切衛福部及相關專家提出的建議,我們也可以就自己目前的狀態先想一想,在做決定前停看聽,如果有其他的問題,千萬別忘了跟你的醫師作討論喔!
The global “COVID-vaccinated” population has reached 100 million. In the process of reaching herd immunity via mass vaccination, more rare but serious adverse effects from these vaccines are being reported in the mass media. Discussions about the safety of vaccines arevigorous at both government and the community levels.
The AstraZeneca (AZ) vaccine has been used for COVID vaccination in Taiwan for a few weeks now. Many of my patients asked me if they are suitable for vaccination. So here I would like to share my thoughts with you as an obstetrician and gynaecologist.
Adverse reactions associated with the AZ vaccine
There are two types of adverse reactions being discussed the most in the international community: severe allergic reactions and blood-clotting problems. Both of these adverse reactions occur in the order of one in ten thousand, which were difficult to discover during the clinical trial stage. Therefore most of the data we see now are an accumulation of real-time data as we proceed with global vaccination.
The severe allergic reaction (such as anaphylaxis) can occur with any medication being administered to the human body. For vaccines it is usually the vehicle or the excipients molecule with which it is used to carry the active vaccine that incites the allergic reactions. Polysorbate 80 is a suspected culprit excipient used in the AZ vaccine. So if one has had severe allergic reaction in other vaccines that uses polysorbate 80 as its vehicles then it is possible the person can also be allergic to the AZ vaccine.
The abnormal blood-clotting reactions associated with the AZ vaccines are being discussed vigorously in both the scientific community and the media. In about 25 million recipients of the AZ vaccine, 86 cases of serious abnormal blood-clotting cases were reported by March 2021. Most cases occur within first 2 weeks of vaccination and most are women. Although the AZ vaccination was temporarily stopped in some European countries earlier in March, it has resumed since with some countries recommend vaccination in those 50 yo or above (some say 30 or above). Currently there is no international consensus amongst the experts.
Many professional bodies of obstetrics and gynaecology around the world have issued statements regarding vaccination against COVID19 in women planning pregnancy or breast feeding. Thus far most have only cautioned against the vaccination if there is serious concurrent comorbidities such as those who are immunocompromised or organ transplant. There does not seem to have report of additional risks of the vaccination during pregnancy. There is insufficient evidence to conclude if oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy are risk factors for developing vaccine-related blood clotting events. More time and data are required to tell.
So should women receive the AZ vaccine? These factors should be considered and discussed with your doctors.
Risk of contracting COVID
Contracting COVID during pregnancy is associated with 3-fold risk of serious complications. So immunisation against COVID should be prioritised if the area you live in carries high risk of infection.
Underlying chronic conditions
For those with hypertension, diabetes or high BMI, because higher risk of COVID related complications are expected, vaccination might offer risk-reducing benefits. but in women with diabetes or high BMI where high risk pregnancy is expected, one should discuss the risks and benefits with your own obstetrician.
Pregnancy
More than half of recipients will get injection site pain and about 10% will develop a fever. To avoid fever during early pregnancy one can avoid getting vaccination during this period. If one has become pregnant after the first dose, there is evidence that receiving a second dose after pregnancy still offers protection against COVID. for those who need flu or whooping cough vaccination during pregnancy, one should consider taking the COVID vaccine 2 weeks apart from the other vaccines.
Like all medicines/procedures, decision to receive the AZ vaccination is individualised based on the benefits and risks associated. It is important to review government updates on vaccination and this article hopefully provides some framework on which women can consult their physicians when considering the AZ vaccination.
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