關於 u.s. gun history ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

你今年等著看什麼美國電影嗎？是《金牌特務：金士曼起源》、《007：生死交戰》，還是湯姆克魯斯的《捍衛戰士：獨行俠》？你最喜歡的美國電影又是哪一部？還有，你曾經想過自己拍一部電影嗎?
現在有很多拍片工具，任何人都可以拍部電影。但是，電影研究碩士可以讓你體驗電影世界的各個面向。你的工作將超越電影娛樂的層面，你會學到電影如何影響我們的文化和被文化影響。有些學校是在藝術史科系下開設主修電影研究的碩士，有些則是直接開設電影研究碩士。科系碩士畢業生常常成為報紙雜誌影評，或是活躍於電影上映、行銷、製作等領域。有些人則在博物館、學校、大學、電影節主辦單位裡負責電影企劃。當然，也有些人成為有名的大導演和製片。
何不追逐你的夢想，考慮到美國念電影研究吧！

What U.S. movies are you waiting for in 2021? Is it Kingsman, 007 Spectre, or Tom Cruise’s Top Gun: Maverick? How about your favorite U.S. movie? Have you even dreamed about making a movie of your own?

With so many film tools nowadays, anyone can make a movie. However, a graduate program in Film Studies will expose you to the entire spectrum of the cinema world. You’ll learn how film affects and has been affected by our culture. Some programs offer an M.A. in Art History with a concentration in Film/Cinema Studies, while others offer a M.A. in Film/Cinema Studies itself. Graduates often become film critics for newspapers or magazines. They also find roles in film distribution, marketing, and production. Some graduates become managers of film programming for museums, schools, and universities, or organizers of film festivals. And some even become famous directors or producers. Why don’t you follow your dreams and consider studying Film/Cinema Studies in the U.S.?!

#EducationUSA #留學美國 #Filmstudies #Cinemastudies #美國電影碩士 #電影研究

【美國槍枝管制】

今年8月，美國俄亥俄州、德州在24小時內相繼發生公共場所的無差別槍擊案
一如往常再度掀起加強槍枝管制的聲浪、激起對立
.
美國平民擁有的槍枝總數，將近全球槍枝總數的40%
平民擁槍率約每100人就持有88支槍
.
美國因為移民國家的特殊歷史因素，在法律上保障了人民擁有武器、能進行自我保衛的權利與自由。
然而，雖然美國憲法第二修正案所述「紀律嚴明之民兵團，為保障每一自由州之治安所必需，故不得侵害人民攜帶武器之權利」通常被引為擁槍為人民權利、合法的依據，其實這條法律被大法官解釋、明確宣告人民依憲法修正案享有個人擁槍權，是最近十幾年內才確立的判例
.
雖然美國各州槍枝法規不一，例如關於「可否在公眾場合公開持武」、「合法持武的場所範圍」、「槍枝彈藥買賣和保管使用的限制」等詳細規定可能會因為地區而有所不同，原則上「擁有槍枝」是全國性被允許但須受各地法律規範的。
.
除了憲法模糊的解釋空間，現實中還有許多政治與利益因素，導致槍枝管制議題在美國時常被擱置拖延、難以討論、難以解決。
例如，鼎鼎大名的「全國步槍協會（NRA）」就是個對美國政壇極有影響力的團體。他們積極透過政治獻金、遊說、教育推廣、政治與法規廣告等持續推動擁槍權。
.
在美國，槍枝問題不只是跟暴力犯罪、自殺率高低有關的議題，也牽涉人民自我防衛、農牧打獵、休閒娛樂等面向的需求或權利，更是人民權利與生命價值隨著社會變遷，爭議的熱點所在。

.

#socialclassonline #公民不下課 #學測 #指考 #讀書 #升學 #時事 #社會議題 #社會科 #考題 #國際時事 #美國 #槍枝 #槍枝管制 #擁槍權 #槍枝法 #歷史 #自我防衛 #民兵團 #美國憲法第二修正案 #USAFirearms #TheUnitedStates #history #Gunlaws #gunownership #Guncontrol
#gundeaths #history #全國步槍協會 #NRA ⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀

.

➤ 參考資料
・關鍵評論：美國槍管爭議︰立憲原意容許人人攜槍？
https://www.thenewslens.com/article/90247
・BBC: 賭城槍擊案——美國控槍的五大障礙
https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-41507040
・風傳媒：一場又一場屠殺之後，美國共和黨終於推動槍枝管制https://www.storm.mg/article/1567493
・Pew Research Center: What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S.
https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/08/16/what-the-data-says-about-gun-deaths-in-the-u-s/

・風傳媒：無數人命換不到槍枝管制？》大規模槍擊案傷痛未癒 德州進一步放寬槍械法
https://www.storm.mg/article/1596834
・地球圖輯隊：全球擁槍大調查 猜猜哪國平民有最多槍？https://dq.yam.com/post.php?id=9476

➤ 圖片來源：
・ABC News: Us mass shooting in 2019
https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/heres-2020-democrats-differ-gun-control/story?id=62970498・Publicdomainvectors: Gun with america flag
https://publicdomainvectors.org/en/free-clipart/Gun-with-American-flag/38271.html
・Wiki: NRA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:NRA_self-made_free_logo.svg

➤ Icon來源：
・Gun： By Flatart, PK
https://thenounproject.com/search/?q=gun&i=2928772
・Gun： By Tatyana Kyul, RU
https://thenounproject.com/search/?q=guns&i=122401
・Shooting： By Symbolon, IT
https://thenounproject.com/search/?q=shooting&i=1101902

2000GT (not the GT) was jointly developed with Yamaha Motor, the type of sports car in the Toyota brand Limited from 1967 to 1970 Yamaha commissioned to produce. The Model "MF10".
Production

Full-scale commercial vehicle production, which was entrusted to Yamaha.

Body painting process of engine assembly welding sheet metal assembly is done by hand with a new factory in Iwata City, Building No. 09 Yamaha, Shizuoka, FRP plant species Part Arai (Arai-cho Hamana-gun) manufacturing The relationship between the interior panel instrument manufacturer in Japan, the press body is working as a motorcycle manufacturer in the 1950s, into a subsidiary of Yamaha Kitagawa auto industry (car industry after Yamaha, Yamaha absorption April 1993 merger) is in charge.
Release Price [edit]

The 2000GT was priced at 238 million yen, which have two luxury cars Toyota Crown and expensive to buy about six popular Corolla car. Starting salary for graduates is largely in Japan from 1967 was 26,000 yen, 1,500 million yen in the early 21st century equivalent to 2,000 million yen sense for the common people are very expensive car unimaginable respectively.

Pricing is unworkable cost still too time-consuming production, sales were always in deficit recorded throughout all production. Toyota's "expensive advertising costs," was also to say.
Minor change [edit]
Late-type

In August 1969, two years after the start of commercial, minor changes were made. 2000GT is earlier than the early type of this minor product (July 1969 to May 1967) and subsequent late type (from August 1970 production in October 1969) is divided into.
2300GT? [Edit]

Inline six-cylinder SOHC 2.253cc through formal generic names are commercially available products from the production engine is not known model has not been announced. To distinguish it from the market model 2000cc, 2300GT and magazines and enthusiasts in the name of the official name has not.

The exhibition is currently owned by Toyota Motor (see below) TOYOTA2000GT vehicle emblem is attached specification and it has been exported from the 2000GT and it has been, 2000GT 2300cc model, named, or "2000GT "As with SOHC2300cc DOHC2000cc was thought to be planning to 併売 of the two models. Nissan 180SX in these cases as well, 180 represents the amount that means the engine displacement 1800cc, 2000cc common name in minor changes to the 180SX was sold as a continuation.

Crown and engine specifications Corona Mark II was then shipped to North America built on the twin 2M Sorekkusutsuinchokukyabureta three types based on 2M-B is equipped with an engine. Model is MF12L in there theories MF12L-from 100001 MF12L-are all made something in the chassis number to nine a total of 100 009, of which MF12L-100002 is in Koto Ward, Tokyo owned by Toyota Motor MEGAWEB (Megauebu) that history is on display in the garage, and the Toyota USA Automobile Museum MF12L-100006 are on display. This development is underway in the form proposed for the Yamaha Motor, is also considered as a full-scale production of low-cost version of the U.S. market, the market will eventually rebound inside the Toyota suffered major is reached. Car magazine and Out, "about 10 are present in America" has been introduced.
Production volume [edit]

Deficit continued production from the decision of adequate leadership role and image production ended in 1970. 337 cars were produced in three years and three months from May 1970 until August 1967.

2000GT (not the GT) was jointly developed with Yamaha Motor, the type of sports car in the Toyota brand Limited from 1967 to 1970 Yamaha commissioned to produce. The Model "MF10".
Production

Full-scale commercial vehicle production, which was entrusted to Yamaha.

Body painting process of engine assembly welding sheet metal assembly is done by hand with a new factory in Iwata City, Building No. 09 Yamaha, Shizuoka, FRP plant species Part Arai (Arai-cho Hamana-gun) manufacturing The relationship between the interior panel instrument manufacturer in Japan, the press body is working as a motorcycle manufacturer in the 1950s, into a subsidiary of Yamaha Kitagawa auto industry (car industry after Yamaha, Yamaha absorption April 1993 merger) is in charge.
Release Price [edit]

The 2000GT was priced at 238 million yen, which have two luxury cars Toyota Crown and expensive to buy about six popular Corolla car. Starting salary for graduates is largely in Japan from 1967 was 26,000 yen, 1,500 million yen in the early 21st century equivalent to 2,000 million yen sense for the common people are very expensive car unimaginable respectively.

Pricing is unworkable cost still too time-consuming production, sales were always in deficit recorded throughout all production. Toyota's "expensive advertising costs," was also to say.
Minor change [edit]
Late-type

In August 1969, two years after the start of commercial, minor changes were made. 2000GT is earlier than the early type of this minor product (July 1969 to May 1967) and subsequent late type (from August 1970 production in October 1969) is divided into.
2300GT? [Edit]

Inline six-cylinder SOHC 2.253cc through formal generic names are commercially available products from the production engine is not known model has not been announced. To distinguish it from the market model 2000cc, 2300GT and magazines and enthusiasts in the name of the official name has not.

The exhibition is currently owned by Toyota Motor (see below) TOYOTA2000GT vehicle emblem is attached specification and it has been exported from the 2000GT and it has been, 2000GT 2300cc model, named, or "2000GT "As with SOHC2300cc DOHC2000cc was thought to be planning to 併売 of the two models. Nissan 180SX in these cases as well, 180 represents the amount that means the engine displacement 1800cc, 2000cc common name in minor changes to the 180SX was sold as a continuation.

Crown and engine specifications Corona Mark II was then shipped to North America built on the twin 2M Sorekkusutsuinchokukyabureta three types based on 2M-B is equipped with an engine. Model is MF12L in there theories MF12L-from 100001 MF12L-are all made something in the chassis number to nine a total of 100 009, of which MF12L-100002 is in Koto Ward, Tokyo owned by Toyota Motor MEGAWEB (Megauebu) that history is on display in the garage, and the Toyota USA Automobile Museum MF12L-100006 are on display. This development is underway in the form proposed for the Yamaha Motor, is also considered as a full-scale production of low-cost version of the U.S. market, the market will eventually rebound inside the Toyota suffered major is reached. Car magazine and Out, "about 10 are present in America" has been introduced.
Production volume [edit]

Deficit continued production from the decision of adequate leadership role and image production ended in 1970. 337 cars were produced in three years and three months from May 1970 until August 1967.

2000GT (not the GT) was jointly developed with Yamaha Motor, the type of sports car in the Toyota brand Limited from 1967 to 1970 Yamaha commissioned to produce. The Model "MF10".
Production

Full-scale commercial vehicle production, which was entrusted to Yamaha.

Body painting process of engine assembly welding sheet metal assembly is done by hand with a new factory in Iwata City, Building No. 09 Yamaha, Shizuoka, FRP plant species Part Arai (Arai-cho Hamana-gun) manufacturing The relationship between the interior panel instrument manufacturer in Japan, the press body is working as a motorcycle manufacturer in the 1950s, into a subsidiary of Yamaha Kitagawa auto industry (car industry after Yamaha, Yamaha absorption April 1993 merger) is in charge.
Release Price [edit]

The 2000GT was priced at 238 million yen, which have two luxury cars Toyota Crown and expensive to buy about six popular Corolla car. Starting salary for graduates is largely in Japan from 1967 was 26,000 yen, 1,500 million yen in the early 21st century equivalent to 2,000 million yen sense for the common people are very expensive car unimaginable respectively.

Pricing is unworkable cost still too time-consuming production, sales were always in deficit recorded throughout all production. Toyota's "expensive advertising costs," was also to say.
Minor change [edit]
Late-type

In August 1969, two years after the start of commercial, minor changes were made. 2000GT is earlier than the early type of this minor product (July 1969 to May 1967) and subsequent late type (from August 1970 production in October 1969) is divided into.
2300GT? [Edit]

Inline six-cylinder SOHC 2.253cc through formal generic names are commercially available products from the production engine is not known model has not been announced. To distinguish it from the market model 2000cc, 2300GT and magazines and enthusiasts in the name of the official name has not.

The exhibition is currently owned by Toyota Motor (see below) TOYOTA2000GT vehicle emblem is attached specification and it has been exported from the 2000GT and it has been, 2000GT 2300cc model, named, or "2000GT "As with SOHC2300cc DOHC2000cc was thought to be planning to 併売 of the two models. Nissan 180SX in these cases as well, 180 represents the amount that means the engine displacement 1800cc, 2000cc common name in minor changes to the 180SX was sold as a continuation.

Crown and engine specifications Corona Mark II was then shipped to North America built on the twin 2M Sorekkusutsuinchokukyabureta three types based on 2M-B is equipped with an engine. Model is MF12L in there theories MF12L-from 100001 MF12L-are all made something in the chassis number to nine a total of 100 009, of which MF12L-100002 is in Koto Ward, Tokyo owned by Toyota Motor MEGAWEB (Megauebu) that history is on display in the garage, and the Toyota USA Automobile Museum MF12L-100006 are on display. This development is underway in the form proposed for the Yamaha Motor, is also considered as a full-scale production of low-cost version of the U.S. market, the market will eventually rebound inside the Toyota suffered major is reached. Car magazine and Out, "about 10 are present in America" has been introduced.
Production volume [edit]

Deficit continued production from the decision of adequate leadership role and image production ended in 1970. 337 cars were produced in three years and three months from May 1970 until August 1967.