Question 1

unique 鬼 滅 在Facebook 的評價

Accepted Answer

好幾個月前 女兒就跟我說👧🏻:我生日想去玩史萊姆！👩🏻:好啊！⁡我小時候也很喜歡史萊姆，經常玩，所以那種獨特的感覺和顏色都很有趣呢！我很明白！但是呢，黏在衣服上的東西弄不掉，家裡被弄髒了，很難收拾🤦‍♀️因為各種各樣的理由，我家禁止了史萊姆所以生日的時候特別做史萊姆♪兩個小朋友就很期待，第一次的 Unique Slime Lab - 史萊姆實驗室首先是穿白衣，有實驗的感覺很有趣衣服也不髒，真是太感謝了（笑史萊姆也有各種各樣的種類，兩個人挑了不同的種類工作人員的姐姐溫柔地教她，和小朋友一起玩兩個人都是認真地玩得超專心的。對史萊姆感到噁心的爸爸😅當天特別享受這個體驗，跟爸爸一起玩孩子們也很開心這裡的史萊姆成分也是用安全的材料做的，史萊姆在衣服和頭髮上也會被熱水沖掉，媽媽的角度來說很棒的一件事情兒童的腦部也可以使用五感來進行觸覺遊戲，史萊姆可以給人很好的刺激呢~是冷的，是軟的，還是黏糊糊的，顏色是什麼顏色，有沒有味道，怎麼做才能有氣泡、怎麼做會發出聲音呢。回到家後，姐姐一直玩了好幾個小時的史萊姆，現在也每天玩史萊姆以前總在看Youtube、現在完全專心玩史萊姆這是好事情！然後，和姐姐生日差3天的婆婆一起慶祝蛋糕🎂很早之前就姐姐叫我生日想鬼滅之刃的蛋糕所以裝作沒買蛋糕的樣子，在好好地準備之前就預約好了大家能一起慶祝真是太好了，就像臺灣的過年的氣氛很喜歡我們家人🥰8歲生日、一樣健康、開心快樂成長了呢❤⁡______________何ヶ月も前に👧🏻:てんちゃんの誕生日、スライム遊びに行きたい！👩🏻:うん、いいよー！⁡私も小さい頃スライムが大好きでよく遊んでたからあの独特な感触とか色とかおもしろいよねー！よくわかる！、、、でもね、服についたのが取れなかったり家の中を汚されたり、片付けなかったり、、🤦‍♀️いろんな理由でうちでスライムを禁止にしてた我が家😅全部かーちゃんの都合ですが、😓だから誕生日は特別にスライム作り♪2人ともものすんごい楽しみにしてた初めての @uniqueslimelabまず白衣を着るんだけど、実験っぽい感じが出て楽しいし、服も汚れないからありがたい🙏笑スライムにもいろんな種類があって、2人とも違う種類で挑戦🥸スタッフのお姉さんが優しく教えてくれて2人とも真顔で超集中して遊んでました😆🙌スライムを気持ち悪がってたパパも(笑)今日は特別にこの体験を一緒に楽しんでくれて子供達も嬉しそうだった🥳👏ここのスライムは成分も安全な材料でできてるし、スライムが服や髪についてもお湯で落ちちゃうからありがたい。子供の脳にも感触遊びは、五感を使っていい刺激になるよね冷たいとか、ヌルヌルなのかベチャベチャなのか、色は何色で、匂いはあるのか、どうすると風船みたいに膨れたり、音が出るのか。うちに帰ってからも天は何時間も、もくもくと毎日スライム遊んでる😳Youtubeにべったりだったのがウソみたい！いいことだ！そして、誕生日が3日違いのお義母さんと一緒にお祝い🥰ケーキはだいぶ前から、鬼滅の刃コールもらってたので、ケーキ買ってないフリしてばっちりだいぶ前から予約して準備してましたよん😎笑みんな一緒にお祝いできてよかったね😍台湾の旧正月みたいなったな😆！笑チャオファミリー大好き❤️⁡8歳誕生日おめでとう🥰変わらず、健康で、元気に、楽しく！成長してってね❤️⁡#親愛的寶貝#奶奶生日快樂#最喜歡的蘇萊姆和鬼滅之刃#送給妳#鹹魚吃蛋糕#uniqueslimlab

Question 2

unique 鬼 滅 在Facebook 的評價

Accepted Answer

「地獄空」攝影集即將在八月中元節前出版，由知名設計師與攝影家黃子欽設計，內附在下二位高徒精美繪製符咒、心經版畫書籤、愣嚴咒牌、尊勝咒語...等，感恩十方大德助印，希望疫情退散，平安喜樂，後記如下：

野放台灣五十餘年，貪狼獨坐，三方四正殺破狼格局，少年多舛，白手起家，隨展覽雲遊四海，如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返，遂設幻影堂自詡堂主，一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」，常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鍾情黑白世界之單純，彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘，了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝，雖非仙人，亦無道骨，初聞離垢地生清淨心，但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠，待修持也。
2017年盛暑拍畢《巨神連線》，心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到，意識死神隨伺在側，人生苦短，如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒……總不得解，蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜，聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃，甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎，禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘，台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜（佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教＆大同教、儒教鑾堂、天帝教＆天德教、慈惠堂＆勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山……）、神棍橫行（依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫），因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜，但地獄造景稀少，後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人，各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味，意境乖張溢於言表，造型扭曲非常人所能塑也，然匠心獨運、自成一格，專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美，絲毫不輸喬托（Giotto di Bondone，1267～1337）乃至米開朗基羅（Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564）矣。

創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱，雖主祀四面佛，儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊，可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像，安太歲自不在話下，甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深，1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍，行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關，只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地，十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台，粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格，尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂，該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯（包青天），陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解，求破懸案者眾，逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸，全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中，四周環繞墓地，適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮（1971）地府則是首座電動地府，規模精小但驚嚇度破表，略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍，出自已故台南大道長金登富之作，而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外，乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面，尊尊栩栩如生，續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道，造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」（阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像）旁設靜態十殿閻羅（1970年代初），雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存，續往上行可抵「證菩提道－釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區，一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時，琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心，世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐阻擋大軍進攻之路，但因緣果報無法逆轉，昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加，還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘遭屠殺，遂以缽盛救度五百族人，最終卻化為血水，佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力，因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐，目犍連遂展神通救渡，但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火，佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日，於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾，因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌，既渡亡魂也自懺悔。

台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗，不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂（1979年興建，1983年開放)，燈光絢爛、聲響駭人，獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」，至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形，睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿」判案定奪，觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截……等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄……兼遊「四生（胎、卵、濕、化）回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼……等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石……小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」，轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭……等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」，窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮……等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤……等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」，直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿，皆為極犯，另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍……等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」（查驗司、稽善司、考過司、恩怨司、壽命司、支配司、掌劫司、授生司）後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事，依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺（紫河車）」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據《十八泥犁經》記載，人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」，經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫，犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄（阿鼻地獄）」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主，統轄十殿閻羅，逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。

人類居於五趣（阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄）雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界，犯十惡業（殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴）者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」（欲界、色界、無色界）二十八天？凡人無此意識，別說能破「十二因緣」（無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死）還滅門，更別想斷除「四聖諦」（苦、集、滅、道）集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑（五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑），了悟「五蘊」（色、受、想、行、識）本空、「十二入」（眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法）空、「十八界」空，破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執，生十一處「善心所」（信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害），降二十六處「惡心所」（貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知），須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。

地獄可能空滅嗎？若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪，地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土？若能證空性何處現地獄？

地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間，老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心，然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所，惡性所及實無可根除，礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層，乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷，暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄，心多妄念，妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間，會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉，我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄，三魂七魄尚不足以出竅，驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧，豈不謬哉？

病毒肆虐年半有餘，全球確診者逼近一億八千萬，枉死者近四百萬，堪比戰爭規模，望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空，唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。

姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節

Postscript

I have been living recklessly in Taiwan for more than fifty years. According to Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology), Tan Lang is the sole star in my house of Self. This star, which represents xxx, forms an equilateral triangle with that star Qi Sha and Po Jun on the square chart and constitutes a Sha Po Lang pattern. The pattern indicates a kind of turbulence and change, a life of wandering with ups and downs and it tells a lot about my life. After my ill-fated youth, I started from scratch and traveled around the world with exhibitions that I participated. Like a flaneur, I wandered around ruins, nature, and temples with every type of film camera obliviously. Thus, I founded the Hall of Illusion and claimed to be the master of the hall. Several times a day, I pondered a quote from the Diamond Sutra, “Everything with form is unreal.” In addition, I usually stayed in the darkroom developing film and enlarging those negatives overnight. However, I treasured the simplicity of the black and white world. The earthly, gaudy, garish, phony and pleasing qualities within colored photos make the images even more realistic than the real world. It is not my cup of tea, so I seldom took colored photos. In Confucian thought, the age of fifty marks the stage knowing the mandate of Heaven. I am now at my fifties and realize how ephemeral human life is. However, I am not an immortal, nor having sagelike characteristics. I just learned that the stage of stainless (the second bhūmi) and develop a pure mind that is free from doubt and defilement. However, I’m still far from the immovable state and need to practice.

In the summer of 2017, after filming the work Incarnation, I experienced a severe heart rhythm problem which almost triggered myocardial infarction and could have killed me. Consequently, I realized that death was waiting for me and the life is too short to figure out how I can liberate myself from the cycle of Birth and Death. I couldn’t comprehend how to be free from all afflictions and worries and how to avoid delusive ideas. I wept for three days and nights after being enlightened by Shakyamuni Buddha. Up to the moment, I felt ashamed that I failed to realize that the self is as insignificant as dust after these years learning and practicing Buddhism. Since then, I have visited famous temples and monasteries in my spare time, worshiping Buddha, Bodhisattvas, arhats, and all the deities and immortals. Taiwan’s temples are myriad with a enormous number of sects, including Buddhism, Taoism, Yiguandao, Catholicism, Christianity, Chinese religions of fasting, Islam& Baháʼí Faith, Confucianism, Tiandiism& Tian-De Teachings, Xiwangmu cult, Yellow Emperor Sect, Precosmic Salvationism, Liism, World Wide Ethical Society, séance cult, etc. Some people even claim that they can mediate communication between the deities or spirits of the dead with human beings, having their believer rely on themselves instead of the orthodox dharma or dogma and pay excessive respect and admiration for the mediums or objects, accumulating wealth through such an unfair means or even harassing their believer sexually. Due to Taiwan’s historical changes, social turbulence, political struggles, and ideological issues, Buddhism and Taoism are somehow mixed. However, there are few emphases on the concept of the hell. As I took photographs of Yama of each court, judges, wardens of the underworld, jailers, General Fan and Hsieh (the ghost escorts) and all sinners, I found few temples cleverly created hellish scenes that are intriguing, exaggerating, and extraordinary. However, the creations are unparalleled unique. I have been studying Western arts for decades and then I came to realize that simplicity makes the most beautiful works of art. These hellish scenes can even compete with works of Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337) and Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564).

Jingang Temple Shimen District, founded in 1986, overlooks the beautiful North shore. Although the temple is mainly dedicated to Phra Phrom (the Thai representation of Mahabrahma), spirits of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism can also be founded in the temple. The worshipper can go cross the Seven Star bridge to relieve bad luck, walk along the five hundred arhat statues and knock on the gong to affirm one’s Buddha nature. Furthermore, the worshipper can also prostrate themself before Asia’s largest statue of Buddha in Nirvana (the Reclining Buddha statue) and pacify the Taoist Tai Sui deity of the year. I was impressed by the Jia-Zi Tai Sui General that a pair of palms grow out of his eyes. In 1994, the biō-kong (the person taking charge of the temporal affairs of a temple) received a divine inspiration from Yama (the King of Hell) that he had to build a sacred hall in the shape of a divine dragon, with the interior designed according to the World of Ultimate Bliss and the Underworld. When the visitor walks in the dark hallway, they will see the tortured people (dioramas, of course) scrunching their faces and crying bitterly and loudly in excessive grief as the visitor triggers the mechanism. One will even find them in the midst of flesh, body liquid and blood, mutilated limbs, and rotten corpses. While each of the ten Yamas are focusing on their own duties, showing their sacred dignity that collect visitors’ attention. The Baogong Temple in Linkou District, New Taipei City exclusively features colorful depiction of hellish scenes in relief in Taiwan. With its pastel shades and cartoon-like style, the relief is both grotesque and adorable at the same time. This temple is dedicated to Bao Zhen (also known as Justice Bao) representing the incarnation of Yama. Living people who have been treated unjustly can come worshipping Bao Gong and receive exorcism. Therefore, many people come here for seeking to solve unsolved cases. In Zhongyuan Festival (the ghost festival), the temple will burn the Zhizha (paper craft) boat to ferry the ghosts to the other shore, which is the shore of enlightenment. The only giant statue of Yama in Taiwan is still in the making. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery, suitable for meditating on the loathsomeness and impurity. Nantian Temple (1971), located next to the Eight Trigram Mountains Buddha in Changhua, features the first animatronic underworld. Despite the small size, the animatronic underworld is intensely shocking. Though it’s slightly worn, the colorful dioramas are still brutally ferocious. The creator was the late venerable Dao Zhang (Taoist priest) Jing Deng-fu while the origin of animatronic deities can be traced back to the 1960s Beigang Chaotian Temple. On the contrary, the Whiteman Toothpaste Tourism Factory in Shuishang Township, Chiayi, features ten Yamas with individual booth. The place is unexpectedly clean and polished yet keeps a simple and modest tone. Then, the Dragon Pagoda of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas at Lotus Lake in Zuoying, Kaohsiung, holds the only relief of hellish scenes made of Kochin ceramic. All the figures are vivid and life-like. If one goes further into the pagoda, they will see a relief tunnel of the thirty-three incarnations of the white-robed form of Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara) on a white lotus, with a lovely and interesting design. Another Hall of Yama is built in the 1970s next to the entrance of Dagangshan Chaofeng Temple, located in the Alian District of Kaohsiung. Visitors will also see three statues of the Three Holy Ones of the Western Pureland (Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta) which assemble at a lotus pond. Although the hellish scene looks somewhat antiquated, you may still find its previous charm. If one goes further, they will reach the sculptural garden of “Attaining the Bodhi Way: the Incarnation of Sakyamuni Buddha,” where the visitor can see the essence of Bhagavato’s (meaning the Blessed one, one of the common epithets for Buddha) life. When Tathāgata (another epithet for Buddha) was old, the king of Kosala wanted to avenge the arrogance of the tribe of Shakyas who had long despised him, regarding him as a son of a maiden. Although Buddha has sat in lotus position alone three times to stop the army from attacking his tribe. However, one can never reverse the cause and following karma. The prince born of a maiden was so furious that he eventually destroyed his homeland. Maudgalyāyana (one of the Buddha’s closest disciples), who is said to have had supernatural abilities that surpassed the other disciples, could not bear to see the slaughter of innocent people. Thus, he saved five hundred people of his tribe with a pātra (an eating utensil of Buddhist monks). Unfortunately, everything he did was in vain, those who were saved eventually turned into a puddle of blood. The Buddha said that the supernatural abilities cannot surpass the power of karma. The cause and effect work all the time. When Maudgalyāyana’s mother fell into the path of hungry ghost, he used his supernatural abilities to save his mother from hunger. However, all the food turned into fire before being fed to his mother. Later, the Buddha commanded the monks to put nectar and dishes in a basin on the 15th day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar for the monks from all directions to free his mother from reincarnation. In later times, the Ullambana Dharma Service, the Compassionate Samadhi Water Repentance, and the Yoga Collection for Feeding the Searing Mouths Dharma Service are rituals to eliminate karmic hindrance and to cease to worldly delusions. Through such practices, one can free the dead as well as confess their repentance.

Madou Daitian Temple is a magnificent and colorful temple in Tainan. Not only can the worshippers visit the eighteen levels of Hell but also the Heaven (it was built in 1979 and inaugurated in 1983) here. The lighting and sound effects are stunning and frightening. When walking alone in the space, one may feel like taking a Guan Luo Yin trip (a Taoist necromancy which leads people’s spirits to hell and communicate with the dead ones) to visit the underworld prison. Before arriving the first court of the underworld, the visitor will walk through the Mountain of Heart Summit, the Pure Heart Pond, the Frontier between the Living and the Dead Realms, the Soul Registry Hall, the Portico of Demons, the Center for Complementary Teaching of Canonical Books, the Citadel of Premature Death, and the Bridge of Vanity. When one arrives at the first court, they will see King Chin-guang, who is in charge of the court, using the Mirror of Retribution to show the earthly form of evil creatures and also witness the sub-hell of Pillar-Holding and Fire Bed, etc. At the second court, King Chu-jiang collates the register of sins the souls of the dead have committed to impose the punishments. Here, you will see the sub-hell of Excrement and Urine, Hungry Ghost, Burning Dance Floor, Ice, Pus and Blood, Whipping, Tongue-Raking, Sword Blade, Stomach-Piercing, Chopping, etc. Next, the dead at the third court, ruled by King Song-di, will receive the punishments including inversion tortures, face-skinning with steel and copper knife, eye-wrenching, pounding, blood-sucking, rib-piercing, roasting, tendon-taking, being eaten by maggots. The visitor can pay a visit to the Palace of Soul-Resuscitation for the Four Forms of Creatures (birth from an egg, birth from a womb, birth from moisture, and birth by transformation). King Wu-guan is in charge of the fourth court. There are sixteen sub-hells at the fourth court including Waist Chop, Tongue Removal, Boiling Pond, Mouth-stabbing, Skin-peeling, Sword Tree, Burning Wheels and Cart, Eye-shooting, etc. Next, at the fifth court, sinful souls are allowed to ascend the Tower of Hometown-Viewing to take a final look of their family. The visitor will witness sub-hells of Knee-striking, Heart-slicing, Blade Mountain, Flying Swords and Burning Stones, etc. The King of Bian City takes charge of the sixth court, which is also known as the “Great Hell of Screaming,” with sub-hells including Fire Cattle, Tiger-Biting, Kidney-Eating, Mouth-Poking, Throat-Nailing, Iron Mill, Decapitation, etc. The King of Tai-shan is in charge of the seventh court, the “Great Hell of Heat and Fire.” The sixteen sub-hells at this court include Finger-Searing, Bowel-Hauling, Stone-Bearing, Boiling Oil, Tongue-Removal and Cheek-Piercing, etc. Next, the King Du-shi is in charge of the eighth court, the “Great Hell of Intense Fire and Heat,” and the sub-hells including Fire Dogs, Molten Iron, Iron Snakes, Dismemberment, Steel Spikes, Burning-Marrow, Iron Ball, Scale, etc. The ninth court is ruled by the King Ping-deng. It is known as the biggest court, Avici Hell (the Hell of Incessant Suffering), which if the lowest level of the hell realm and the interior is gloomily and terrifyingly dark. Those who committed the most serious evil deed will be sent to the Avici Hell. Sub-hells such as Poisonous Snake, Brain-Removal, Crow-Gnawing, Raining Needles, Wasps and Scorpions are included at this court. After arriving the tenth court, ruled by the Great King of the Reincarnation Palace, one can visit the “Observatory of Life on earth” and the “eight bureaus of the Reincarnation Palace” (including the Bureau of Judicial Control, the Bureau of Good-Actions, the Bureau of Bad-Actions, the Bureau of Debts, Gratitude, and Vengeance, the Bureau of Longevity and Destiny, the Bureau of Familial Ties, the Bureau of the Reincarnated, and the Bureau of Birth). The sinful one will be sent to the Pavilion of Mengpo and made to drink the Soup of Forgetfulness to forget all past affairs. According to the sinful one’s merits of previous life, they will go across one of the six bridges (gold, silver, jade, stone, wood, bamboo) to the “Reincarnation-Wheel (Wheel on the Crimson River).” Finally, one is able to reborn in the six realms. According to the Aṣṭadaśa nāraka sutra ( the Eighteen Hells Sutra), after one passes away, they will enter an intermediate and transitional state between death and rebirth, known as antarābhava in Sanskrit, for forty-nine days. The being will be evaluated by Yama, who will decide if one should get reborn or get punished at the hell. Those who committed the Five Grave Offenses (killing one’s father, killing one’s mother, killing an Arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, and creating a schism within the community of Buddhist monks and nun who practice for attaining enlightenment.) will be sent to the Avici Hell and stay there eternally. Kṣitigarbha is the Lord of the Nether World, ruling the ten court of Hell. The lord will set up the “Hall of Teaching” at each court to salvage those sinful ones who still obtain few merits at the offering rituals.

Human beings live the Sahā world (sahāloka in Sanskrit, meaning “endurance of suffering,” a concept of mundane world in Mahāyāna Buddhism) where they share with other reincarnations (including beings of the hells, of the preta, and of malevolent nature spirits) with five turbidities (the Kalpa turbidity, the view turbidity, the affliction turbidity, the living beings turbidity, and the life turbidity). Those who commit the ten evil deeds (killing, stealing, adultery, lying, using immoral language, slandering, equivocating, coveting, anger, and false views) must fall into the three evil paths (animals, preta, and hell). However, how can one escape from the three realms/ twenty-eight heavens (including the six heavens of the desire realm, the eighteen heavens of the form realm, and the four heavens of the formless realm)? Worldly people who don’t have such an awareness cannot leave the cycle of the twelve nidanas (meaning causes or motivations), let alone eliminate the eighty-one afflictions (that have been produced due to misunderstanding regarding reality) and the eighty-eight illusions (including five afflictions of advanced practitioners, also known as five views: view of self, extreme view, evil view, view of attachment to views, and view of morality; and five unintelligent temptations: desire, anger, stupidity, arrogance, and doubt) of thought within the three realms and four Arya satyas (noble truths, including suffering, arising, ending, and path). They cannot realize that the essence of the five skandhas (referring to aggregates of clinging, including the matter of form, sensation, recognition, mental formation, and consciousness) , the twelve ayatana (meaning sense base, including six internal bases: eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind and six external bases: visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects), and the eighteen dhātavah (meaning compositional elements of human existence, including six consciousness, six faculties, and their objects) are the emptiness and the void. Furthermore, they cannot dispel the two reasons for clinging to the idea of the self and the attachment to elemental constructs and even believe in the two (false) tenets that that karma and nirvana are not real and that the ego and phenomena are real. As a consequence, they fail to develop the eleven wholesome mental factors (faith, energy, conscience, being ashamed, non-attachment, non-aggression, non-delusion, calmness, equanimity, conscientiousness, and non-injuriousness) and cease the sixteen unwholesome mental factors (desire, greed, anger, delusion, arrogance, doubt, wrong view, wrath, enmity, hypocrisy, vexation, jealousy, parsimony, deceit, flattery, harming, ambitiousness, stupidity, lacking of faith, idleness, being unrestrained, forgetting, distraction, non-discernment, ). One must bear in mind that once all our virtuous roots are discontinued, they will be trapped in the never-ending reincarnation and the suffering of infinite continuity.
Is it possible that the hell will be empty one day? If the beings in hell will become extinct while evil spirits inhabit the mundane world, the world could be considered as a pure land. If we could witness the nature of the void, then hell will exist no more.
Since ancient times, the concept of hell has been widely spread among all tribes. Aging, death, beginning, and end are the basis of nature and the core of cosmic consciousness. However, the prosperous civilization as our island is not a place where desire can be eliminated. It’s impossible to eradicate evil nature. Since fetters brought by the constitution, the state, the law, society, the military, corporations, schools, families, and groups are not less than the eighteen levels of hell, the mortals repress themselves, bury their feelings. Day after day, greed, anger, stupidity, arrogance, doubt, and resentment are stacking. However, since the six dust (visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects) has not yet been extinguished, people in the mundane world are still full of delusions. The demons, devils, evil spirits, and the wondering dead exist in the wilderness, while only advanced practitioners with transcendent would attempt to make contact with the dead in the wasteland and forest. Worldly people like us trespass in Disneyland-like man-made hell. It is absurd and ridiculous that the hellish scenes cannot stop us from perpetrating evil deeds, but the horrific and cruel scenes yet satisfy our self-righteous shame.

The pandemic has been boiling over for more than a year and a half. The number of infected patients worldwide is nearly a hundred and eighty million, and the death toll has risen to four million, which is equivalent to a war crisis. I hope that we can all be compassionate, give peace to the dead, treat all sentient beings well and equally. The hell is innately empty; however, deluded and misleading thoughts would give rise to all jealousy and hatred and then manifest the hell before us. This book merely serves as a memorandum of conscience for dictators of the world’s new cold war, supporters of unrestrained warfare, dark web hackers, and those who are cunning and contemptuous and maltreat others when knowing they have problems.

June 2021,

Yao Jui-chung

Question 3

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翁靜晶日誌 【佛教戒律研究】二 【惡律取代戒律 迫害正法僧人】WM 《地藏十輪經》戒律翻譯 2016年8月19日 《大乘大集地藏十輪經》卷第四「 無依行品三之二」： 「於我法中而得出家。毀破禁戒樂營俗業。彼剎帝利乃至婆羅門等。恭敬供養貪利求財有言無行。傳書送印通信往來商賈販易。好習外典種殖營農藏貯寶物。守護園宅妻妾男女。習行符印咒術使鬼。占相吉凶合和湯藥療病求財以自活命。貪著飲食衣服寶飾。勤營俗務毀犯尸羅。行諸惡法貝音狗行。實非沙門自稱沙門實非梵行自稱梵行。」 佛陀早已預測，未法時期將出現有政治勢力的人，將惡律取代戒律，擾亂佛法： 「善男子。於未來世此佛土中有諸眾生。煩惱熾盛習諸惡行。愚癡佷戾難可化導。謂剎帝利旃荼羅。宰官旃荼羅。居士旃荼羅。長者旃荼羅。沙門旃荼羅。婆羅門旃荼羅。如是等人善根微少無有信心。諂曲愚癡懷聰明慢。離善知識言無真實。不能隨順善知識語。常行誹謗毀呰罵詈於諸正法。猶豫倒見不見不畏後世苦果。常樂習近諸惡律儀。好行殺生乃至邪見。欺誑世間自他俱損。是剎帝利旃荼羅。乃至婆羅門旃荼羅壞亂我法」 惡勢力人物，會迫害正法僧人，吹捧邪師： 「彼剎帝利旃荼羅乃至婆羅門旃荼羅。愛樂親近恭敬供養聽受言教。此破戒者。於剎帝利旃荼羅乃至婆羅門旃荼羅。亦樂親近恭敬供養聽受言教。若見有人於我法中得出家已具戒富德精進修行學無學行乃至證得最後極果。彼剎帝利旃荼羅。乃至婆羅門旃荼羅反生憎嫉。不樂親近恭敬供養聽受言教。」 什麼人是沒有資格檢舉僧人犯戒的？有如下十種： 「何等為十。一者諸餘外道呵舉苾芻。二者不持禁戒在家白衣呵舉苾芻。三者造無間罪呵舉苾芻。四者誹謗正法呵舉苾芻。五者毀呰賢聖呵舉苾芻。六者癡狂心亂呵舉苾芻。七者痛惱所纏呵舉苾芻。八者四方僧淨人呵舉苾芻。九者守園林人呵舉苾芻。十者被罰苾芻呵舉苾芻。如是十種非法。呵舉破戒苾芻便獲大罪。」 在家居士屬於第二類：不持禁戒在家白衣呵舉苾芻。須注意的是，這只針對「不持禁戒」的居士。如果是持五戒、十戒或菩薩戒者，不在限制之列。 舉報僧人犯戒的程序，是由合資格者向長老報告。長老會向被投訴的僧人查明，如屬實而涉事輕微，可幫助對方懺悔改過，犯下根本大戒（如懷孕）則勸令離開僧團。經文如下： 「復次優波離。若有苾芻。毀犯禁戒與僧共住。於僧眾中有餘苾芻。軌則所行皆悉具足。一切五德無不圓滿。應從坐起整理衣服恭敬頂禮苾芻僧足便至破戒惡苾芻前求聽舉罪作如是言。長老憶念。我今欲舉長老所犯。以實非虛妄。應時不非時。軟語非麤獷。慈心不瞋恚。利益非損減。為令如來法眼法燈久熾盛故。長老聽者。我當如法舉長老罪。彼若聽者。便應如法如實舉之。彼若不聽。復應頂禮上座僧足恭敬白言。如是苾芻犯如是事。我依五法如實舉之。時僧眾中上坐苾芻。應審觀察能舉所舉及所犯事虛實輕重。依毘奈耶及素怛纜方便撿問慰喻呵責以七種法如應滅除。若犯重罪應重治罰。若犯中罪應中治罰。若犯輕罪應輕治罰。令其慚愧懺悔所犯」。 長老接獲投訴，可依照情況作出處理，包括教導及懲罰，嚴重者可革除僧籍。假如僧人十分富有，或有「惡勢力」支持，那又如何處理？辦法是去報官： 「若實有過惡行苾芻恃白衣力或財寶力或多聞力或詞辯力或弟子力以如是等諸勢力故。凌拒僧眾。上坐苾芻持素怛纜及毘奈耶．摩怛理迦者如法教誨皆不承順。如是苾芻云何治罰。佛言。優波離。上座苾芻持三藏者。應和僧眾遣使告白國王大臣令助威力然後如實依法治罰。」 到了報官的階段，僧團就是得協助官方調查，按照世俗法治罪。由此可見，僧團長老不可以用「怕煩惱」作為理由，袖手旁觀。 「惡僧」背後，若有官府撐腰，那又如何處理？答案是，由僧人合眾之力，將之趕出寺院： 「世尊。若彼有過惡行苾芻。以財寶力或多聞力或詞辯力。或以種種巧方便力。令彼國王大臣歡喜皆住破戒非法朋中。容縱如是惡苾芻罪。不聽如實依法治罰。爾時僧眾應當云何。佛言。優波離。若彼苾芻行無依行。於僧眾中麤重罪相未彰露者。是時僧眾應權捨置。若苾彼芻行無依行。於僧眾中麤重罪相已彰露者。是時僧眾應共和合依法驅擯令出佛法。優波離。譬如鷰麥在麥田中。牙莖枝葉與麥相似穢雜淨麥。乃至彼草其穗未出。是時農夫應權捨置。穗既出已是時農夫恐穢淨麥并根剪拔棄於田外。行無依行破戒苾芻亦復如是。恃白衣等種種勢力。住於僧中威儀形相與僧相似穢雜清眾。乃至善神未相覺發於僧眾中麤重罪相未彰露者。是時僧眾應權捨置。若諸善神已相覺發於僧眾中麤重罪相已彰露者。是時僧眾應共和合。依法驅擯令出佛法。」 若然是合眾之力仍鬥不過惡僧，那麼如法的僧人，必須搬走，免得與「死屍」共住： 「譬如大海不宿死尸。我聲聞僧諸弟子眾亦復如是。不與破戒惡行苾芻死尸共住。時優波離復白佛言。世尊。若彼破戒惡行苾芻。僧眾和合共驅擯已。彼惡苾芻。以財寶力或多聞力或詞辯力或以種種巧方便力。令彼國王大臣歡喜。皆住破戒非法朋中。以威勢力凌逼僧眾還令如是破戒苾芻與僧共住。爾時僧眾當復云何。佛言。優波離。爾時僧中有能悔愧持戒苾芻。為護戒故不應瞋罵破戒苾芻。但應告白國王大臣。或恐凌逼而不告白。應捨本居別往餘處」。 Youtube：https://youtu.be/DqG97pING58 大乘大集地藏十輪經 大正新脩大藏經 第十三冊 No. 411 三藏法師玄奘奉　詔譯 CBETA電子佛典 http://www.siddham.org/yu…/sutra/sutra_earth411_content.html 翁靜晶 www.facebook.com/MaryJeanReimerLau 劉家良 www.facebook.com/sifuforever 寬賜良緣 www.facebook.com/wisdombravefate 劉家良導演慈善基金 www.facebook.com/laukarleung 劉萬儀 REBEL GIRL https://www.facebook.com/RebelGirlHK 劉萬儀 Jeanne Lau https://www.facebook.com/jeannelauofficial 金濤博藏 Unique Vintage Antiques 民俗文獻收藏博物館 Vintage Live Museum www.moneywave.com.hk www.facebook.com/mawanhouses 佛門警訊 Buddhist Alert ( International ) 請分享香港，澳門，中國大陸及世界各地有違佛門戒律的警醒 Please share all stories around the world about Fake ( or Fraudulent ) Buddhist monks and nuns and relevant news, etc. Web: https://www.facebook.com/groups/buddhistalert/

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