關於 who is ronald reagan ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

Countries around the world should try to help and save individual Hong Kong people as freedom in their city “continues to die a painful death,” writes an American political writer who is a former special assistant to the late United States president Ronald Reagan.

Read more: https://bit.ly/3d5Qetc

美國凱托研究所（Cato Institute）高級研究員班多（Doug Bandow）撰文，談論港版國安法實施後香港自由如何「慘死」以及還有何出路。曾擔任美國列根總統特別助理的班多指出，去年港版國安法實施，香港失去自治，淪為中國城市，美國也無力扭轉局面。
____________
📱Download the app:
http://onelink.to/appledailyapp
📰 Latest news:
http://appledaily.com/engnews/
🐤 Follow us on Twitter:
https://twitter.com/appledaily_hk
💪🏻 Subscribe and show your support:
https://bit.ly/2ZYKpHP

#AppleDailyENG

哲人已遠……

[一場極有高度的告別式與弔文]

昨天是美國共和黨參議員 John McCain（約翰.馬侃） 的告別式，舉辦在華盛頓國家大教堂（Washington National Cathedral）。

藉由這一場追思會，我們可以看見美國這一個國家為何偉大，很建議大家可以去看看這幾天的相關報導。

而我想從歐巴馬前總統的弔文來切入，非常推薦英文OK的人花20分鐘聽。雖然兩人身為政敵，但我們真的可以從歐巴馬的談話裡深刻地感受到他們對於國家、社會的愛。

以下是對我非常有啟發的一些話，跟大家分享。
--------
"President Bush and I are among the fortunate few who competed against John at the highest levels of politics. He made us better presidents."

「布希總統和我是少數最幸運能和John在政治的最高領域做競爭。馬侃使我們成為更好的總統。」

個人小記：2000年時，馬侃跟小布希在共和黨內初選內競爭，最後布希勝出；2008年時，馬侃代表共和黨與來自民主黨的歐巴馬角逐總統大位，最後歐巴馬獲勝。而在年初，確認得腦癌的馬侃打電話給這兩位前總統，說他希望邀請他們在他的告別式演講。這種高度包容、求同存異的格局非常令人敬佩。歐巴馬說，「馬侃使我們成為更好的總統」，也顯現出歐巴馬的高度。
---------
"He concluded that the only way to really make his mark on the world is to commit to something bigger than yourself."

「他(馬侃)得到的結論是，若他要在世界留下一個紀錄，唯一的辦法就是委身於一個大於自己的事物。」

個人小記：馬侃是曾在越戰時被北越俘虜超過5年半的時間，再不斷被拷問的過程中，從來沒有為了個人利益而洩露國家機密。詳情可以看維基百科： https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/約翰·麥凱恩
---------
"In captivity, John learned, in ways that few of us ever will, the meaning of those words – how each moment, each day, each choice is a test. And John McCain passed that test – again and again and again. And that’s why, when John spoke of virtues like service, and duty, it didn’t ring hollow."

「在戰俘時期，馬侃學到每一個時刻、每一天、每一個抉擇都是一個試煉，而且他一次又一次地通過了考驗。因此，當馬侃說道關於『服事』、『責任』等美德時，從來不是空洞的。」

個人小記：維基百科上顯示 - 當馬侃抵達河內希爾頓後，他被監禁於一間小囚房裡，並且每天都會被審訊。由於馬侃拒絕向北越提供任何情報，他經常被拷打至失去意識為止。
當北越人發現馬侃的父親是美軍太平洋指揮總部（CINCPAC）的總指揮官—所有美軍在越南的部隊的指揮官時，北越人給了馬侃被釋放回國的機會，但他斷然拒絕了交換條件。有一次在經過嚴厲而殘忍的拷打後，當馬侃的手臂已被打到抬不起來時，他被迫簽下一份由越南文寫成的反美宣傳文件。依據馬侃的說法，誤簽這份文件是他身為戰俘的數年裡最感到後悔的一件事。不過在馬侃簽下文件後，北越人覺得這份文件不夠好而沒有使用，試著強迫他簽下第二份聲明，這次馬侃拒絕了。由於不斷拒絕北越的要求，馬侃每週固定都要被拷打兩到三次。

我在想，如果是我，我會怎麼反應？
----------
"John understood, as JFK understood, as Ronald Reagan understood, that part of what makes our country great is that our membership is based not on our bloodline; not on what we look like, what our last names are. It’s not based on where our parents or grandparents came from, or how recently they arrived, but on adherence to a common creed: That all of us are created equal. Endowed by our Creator with certain inalienable rights."

「馬侃，如同甘迺迪總統、雷根總統，深刻地了解，美國之所以偉大是因為你不需要用血脈、長相、姓氏、你的父母/祖父母從哪裡來、他們多近才來，來決定你是否是美國的一員。實際上只有一個共同的信條，就是每一個人生而平等。是造物主賦予我們不可分割的權利。」

個人小記：這一段真的非常慷慨激昂，我們看見美國生為一個移民國家，確實在包容性上有別於一般國家（當然，美國並不完美，隱性的種族歧視、性別歧視、宗教歧視等仍會見到，但至少憲法上，平等是美國這塊土地的基本信條）。台灣某種程度也是一個充滿移民的地方，除了原住民，多數人都是這300年才來到台灣的，但是目前，我們因著血緣、因著什麼時候來台等，仍然有許許多多的紛爭。真心希望，台灣能成為更有深度、高度、包容度的公民社會。
-----------
"I’m sure it’s been noted that Roosevelt’s “Man in the Arena” oration seems tailored to John. Most of you know it: Roosevelt speaks of those who strive, who dare to do great things, who sometimes win and sometimes come up short, but always relish a good fight – a contrast to those cold, timid souls who know neither victory nor defeat."

「我想羅斯福總統所說的『競技場上的男人』精彩致詞，是為馬侃量身定做的。你們大多知道：羅斯福提到那些努力奮鬥、勇於做偉大的事情的人。他們有時得勝，有時功虧一簣，但總是享受一場精彩的拼搏；這有別於那些冷血、膽小的靈魂，既不知道什麼是勝利，什麼是失敗。」

個人小記：我第一次聽到Theodore Roosevelt的這篇"The man in the Arena"的演講是前行政院長陳冲先生跟我分享的。這是一篇非常啟發人心的致詞。全文如下：

It is not the critic who counts;
榮耀不屬於評論家

not the man who points out how the strong man stumbles, or where the doer of deeds could have done them better.
也不屬於那些指出強者失足或是對真正做事者指指點點，說著怎樣會做的更好的那些人

The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena,
榮耀歸於真正站在競技場上的那個人

whose face is marred by dust and sweat and blood;
他的臉被塵土，汗水以及鮮血所模糊

who strives valiantly; who errs, who comes short again and again, because there is no effort without error and shortcoming;
那人勇敢地努力著，雖然他犯錯也一次又一次的失敗。
因為努力本就伴隨著錯誤與失敗

but who does actually strive to do the deeds; who knows great enthusiasms, the great devotions; who spends himself in a worthy cause;
但那是真正努力在做事的人，而且他以極大的熱情與最大的犧牲為一個值得的理油在努力著。

who at the best knows in the end the triumph of high achievement, and who at the worst, if he fails, at least fails while daring greatly,
最好的情況是他最終終能贏得最高成就的勝利，最差的結果，就算是失敗，也能失敗的無所畏懼，

so that his place shall never be with those cold and timid souls who neither know victory nor defeat.
所以他永不會與哪些冷漠與膽怯的靈魂為伍，其不知勝利或失敗的真意。
------------
後記：

我在想，哪一天在台灣，一位政治家離世時，可以是跨黨派的人、他的政敵，用這麼高的敬意在他的告別式發表感言。

哪一天，這個社會的最底層，是建築在我們的共同信仰與原則上。

投入教育，重要的不僅是希望下一代有「能力」，更是希望，有這麼一天，更多的孩子擁有一種胸懷與高度，是能看見比自己更大的事物，並且願意委身其中，為其奮鬥。

我祈禱那一天趕快來臨。

謝謝馬侃的榜樣，也謝謝歐巴馬的這一篇精彩弔文。

[10 Leadership traits that we could learned from the 7th Prime Minister Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad]

9th May 2018, the day Malaysians witnessed unbelievable radical change for the first time in the political history of this country.

And how did this all happen? It took one MAN with a VISION on a MISSION to help REFORM MALAYSIA and of course with the vote from the people.

Reflecting on the recent scenario that has impacted every individual in this thriving nation, both rivals and supporters are impressed by the leadership of one man to bring about change in the next 5 years.

Now what makes this man so remarkable and to be the talk of the town and the world is his compelling LEADERSHIP.

That’s one reason why I love observing leaders. I enjoy reading and following their journey. Being able to reflect on the reasons I admire countless leaders opens my eyes to the qualities of Great Leadership.

What makes a Great Leader?

As far as I can recall, my childhood years till I was a young adult were during the 22 years reign of Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad as the 4th Prime Minister back then.

In general, life for Malaysians were rather peaceful with a sense of growth and progress for the country though there may be differing opinions on this subject.

Since then, I have always admired Tun as a great leader to this country. I was so inspired by him so much so that I even adapted my signature similar to his.

Today, in my private circle business coaching and mentoring session, I laid down 10 things that Tun has done right in “leading” the changes in the government together with all the parties that were once his foe and opponents.

How could this be possible?

It wouldn’t have materialized unless it’s being done by a person who has great leadership traits. And this brings my point to how you could apply these traits at work and in leading your businesses, organizations and team.

1. The Power of Alignment - Setting a clear Vision.

A great leader possesses a clear vision. He is courageous to lead that vision and has a clear focus of what needs to be done to attain that vision.

In many circumstances in the past few weeks leading to the elections, we saw one very clear role that Tun and his team of leaders had. They all led the role of articulating a clear vision for the future of Malaysia with a 100-day manifesto and this short-term vision gave hope to Malaysians of what Malaysia could be in the next 5 years to come if they are the governing administration.

Tun not only united the parties for a common goal but he was able to influence and unite the hearts of the rakyat to achieve this one similar vision – to REFORM MALAYSIA.

Likewise, in business, the power of alignment between a leader and the team plays a significant role in ensuring the vision, goals and objectives are met.

2. Identifying the same purpose - The Big Why and the common frustrations.

What are the main drivers of frustration for your team at the work place? What are the frustrations of your clients? In this context, what are the common frustrations of the rakyat. What are the common identifiable struggles? What's the future frustration if the problem is not resolved now?

Identifying the root problem is the foundation of addressing the common frustration as the livelihood of the rakyat depends on this. Likewise, if you don’t know what the critical issues and problems are faced by your team and clients within your organization, they will resort to other leaders, other products and brands or to any other available options to help them solve their frustrations.

That's why understanding, identifying, and eliminating the causes of frustration is critical for success.

Being a leader requires a lot of soft skills as you need to make sure that your team is comfortable with the goals that you are setting for the team. What is the Big Why for your team? Your organization? Why do you do what you do?

Leaders need to have a better working strategy and make sure that each and every one on the team is focused on achieving the same Big Why and results. This is what separates a high performing team from failing or underachieving.

Common goals are important not only because it gives your team focus on the big picture but because it brings people together and encourage them to communicate problems and results. This allows for a much earlier and faster recognition of problems to address as you progress to achieve your goals.

An obvious thing we have witnessed is the common goals and frustrations addressed by Tun and the party leaders. If that connection wasn’t clear, they would have been on shaky grounds. And by addressing the frustrations of the rakyat, they have minimized and eliminated fear, doubts and uncertainty about the rakyat’s future.

As such, it is critical to identify the common values of your team members. Goals need to be aligned with common values or you definitely won’t get people buying in.

3. Harnessing teamwork by negotiating for one coalition on an agreed and acceptable win-win formula for all parties involved.

Being a strategic planner, Tun first garnered teamwork by uniting the 4 parties to be represented as 1 united coalition for the 14th General Elections. By doing this, he had reduced confusion among the voters and lessened the dispersion of votes. So, voters did not have to decide among the 4, they just had to choose 1 unified party.

Imagine if Tun had not done so, the voters would have been undecided to elect their representatives as there are about 9-10 parties including the independent candidates.

It was definitely not an easy feat to unite the 4 parties as one, and this leads me to my next point – the negotiation skills of a leader, his ability to influence without authority and his proposed winning formula for one coalition.

4. Negotiate with the decision makers, the right people with influence over others.

A key skill relevant to leaders at all levels is the ability to positively influence people in such a way that others follow and act willingly, as opposed to complying because of the authority factor. This is the power to influence others without imposing your authority.

It’s a great skill that you could develop over time and with experience but it’s definite a powerful skill to have when you are able to influence others to voluntarily and willing act out of their own will just by sharing your vision or negotiating for common values and benefits.

Enemies. Rivals. Adversaries. Foes. Competitors. Haters. Critics. Skeptics. Sadly, in politics and business, we all have them.

They make our lives more difficult and less pleasant. And regrettably, enemies will always exist in your life. But they are just an additional obstacle on the way towards your goal. If you look for solutions, you can defeat them or make them your allies. We all have the ability to win over our enemies.

Let me explain. Here’s how. Win them over with cooperation.

Sometimes you can’t ignore them. If so, it is better to enlist the help of these people, rather than oppose them. Tell them that you understand their concerns. But tell them too that their help and support is very important to you. This is where the power to negotiate comes to play.

You must first understand your rivals. Who are they? What are they goals? Why do they oppose you? It’s the same scenario in the work place. Your rivals could be your colleague, your boss, a customer or anyone related to your work and business. Study them, their strengths and weaknesses and propose your winning formula for cooperation that benefits both you and your rival.

With great humility, Tun met his opponents requesting for cooperation. As we know, the opponents and Tun himself have had a painful past and unpleasant experiences, but for a common goal, they are willing to be professionally united though with differences in opinions. They are willing to let go of the past to achieve a higher goal that mutually benefits everyone for the future.

5. Lead from the front. Be the example.

The key factor to any leader is connection to the people they are leading. Who are the people that you are leading and do they believe in you? To be a great leader, first and foremost, mutual trust between you and your team is essential.

Nobody is going to give their all for a leader who can’t be forthright with the information or fails to keep up their end of a deal. Responsibility and dependability are critical traits of a great leader, and it earns respect from those who are working with you to achieve your vision.

At the end of the day, the key to effective leadership is commitment to the cause, being the first on and the last off the battlefield.

Did Tun and the party leaders portray this? Definitely they have led by example. They did their homework, they met the rakyat at grass-root level, they addressed their concerns, they communicated clearly with everyone and they shared with clarity how they plan to resolve the problems of the rakyat.

Is that a winning formula? I would say yes.

6. Declaring the winning manifesto which reflected the key frustrations of the people. Understanding what people want.

Why is it important to understand what people want? What do your clients or customers want? What do your employees want?

Basically, the social perception involves you as a leader being able to identify the mental states of others, their thoughts by putting yourself in someone else's shoes. This helps us understand their beliefs, feelings, experiences and intentions.

By understanding someone means you have the ability to empathize with that person. You are able to think along the lines of what the other person is thinking. You are able to reason out what transpired in someone’s mind before doing what they have done.

For example, understanding why did the rakyat protest the previous government? Or why did your customer buy from a competitor? Why did your employees leave?

Understanding with empathy is important because it helps us understand how others are feeling so we can respond appropriately to the situation. When you are able to empathize with others, you can build and sustain meaningful relationships, hold a job, or client effectively.

And the winning formula with the rakyat was creating a manifesto that understands and empathizes the rakyat’s frustrations.

7. Tun has been consistent in “advising” and “demanding for changes” up to the point that he is even willing to do whatever it takes to create the change.

Tun had always been outspoken in his views with regards to the progress of the country and the direction that the nation was heading to even long after his retirement 15 years ago.

He was always consistent in championing causes for the rakyat’s future. He wrote on his blogs, he spoke in public, he addressed the media, he collaborated with people, he met his opponents with humility, he admitted and apologized for his past mistakes, he adapted technology, he embraced young people, he in fact did everything possible to ensure he achieved his goal. And that every effort he built consistently over 15 years gave him his biggest victory.

Similarly, growing and running a business takes a tremendous amount of roll-up-your-sleeves and hard work. The long hours and "do whatever it takes to get the job done" work ethic is important to achieve success especially in the early phase of your business.

And as leaders and entrepreneurs, if you're going to do it, do it well, do it right. Be a role model for others to follow. You have to push yourself to be the best in what you do and stay laser-focused till you achieve success.

8. Push till the last mile. Never give up.

Sometimes, there comes times in the lives of all great leaders when they are pushed to their physical, emotional, mental or spiritual limits. Fatigued, exhausted and drained by their experiences, they still relentlessly pursue their journey. They never give up. It is their attitude and mindset to hold on to their hopes, dreams, determination and life’s purpose.

When the rakyat was rather uncertain on the victory rate of Tun and his party due to various known and unknown factors, Tun and his team still pursued relentlessly to campaign till the last mile. They exhausted every single medium, resources and people to reach out to the rakyat to champion for a common goal.

We`ve seen the content on social media, the virality of the news, the uprising of the rakyat and the gathering by thousands of people all over the country in very medium and platform.

The leaders were willing to sacrifice their time, resources, energy and effort to be that servant leader of love, caring and hope for the rakyat.

Would you do the same for your people, your team or your customers?

9. Constantly updating and communicating the progress. To build trust, confidence and to gain more support.

Communication is at the core of every political campaign. Certainly, issues like the economy, GST, unemployment, money laundering and policies matter, but the way Tun and the leaders conveyed their ideas to the voters hinges their success and ability to communicate messages effectively to the people.

Today, political parties no longer determine the election. The leaders and candidates must appeal to the voters directly and with greater frequency. They have to sell themselves to grab people's attention. And we’ve seen in the recent elections how social media has aided these leaders in their quest to effectively engage voters.

Leaders are communicators. Their key responsibilities are to “communicate, communicate and communicate even more.” Why? Because communication is fundamental to building trust.

It creates an environment of trust around leaders that enables them to lead effectively, engage employees and ultimately deliver results. And building trust in an organization requires a personal effort on the part of the leaders themselves besides a team effort.

10. Committed to Leadership

What does it mean to be a committed leader?

First of all, making a commitment involves dedicating yourself to a person, to something or to a cause. A commitment obligates you to do something. And leadership is a decision and obligation that you have towards others.

Are you prepared to lead the way to whatever you believe is right? We've all worked with leaders who show up every day with such determination, and others who are just there. Real leaders accept responsibility as the heads of their teams, and they're always working to do things better.

And once you've made that deliberate decision to be a leader, you must accept that the expectations are higher for you than for everyone else in your organization. You have a duty to your team, your customers, and your community.
To make a vision stick, you have to be committed to a set of core values that will bring the vision to life.

You need to understand that the values that you uphold as a leader will determine the behaviors, the culture and the success of your organization.

And when you do all that, your customers, your team and your people can see the difference.

As leaders and entrepreneurs, you must remember that you are not here merely to make a living or achieve your own success. You are here in order to enable the world to live more abundantly, with greater vision, with a greater spirit of hope and achievement. You are here to enrich the world with your presence.

And that is what we see in Tun’s leadership. “Tun walk the talk.”

A wise quote from Ronald Reagan, the 40th U.S. President, “The greatest leader is not necessarily the one who does the greatest things. He is the one that gets the people to do the greatest things."

Didn’t we all witness this on 9th May 2018? This day will be a day in the history of our country and the world for generations to come, and it is all because of one remarkable man and a great leader, Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad.


Azizan Osman
Founder, Richworks International
Entrepreneur & SME Business Training & Coaching Consultant Firm
——————————————————-
The writer is a renowned world class Business & Marketing Growth Strategist & Accredited International Master Coach for Entrepreneurs & Small & Medium Businesses

Any opinions, findings, and conclusion or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author for the purpose of education on leadership.

Forbes Asia Astro AWANI The Economist The Star Online New Straits Times Online Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad Mukhriz Mahathir