[翻轉視界9] 當存在不過待宰羔羊 - Never Let Me Go
Never let our empathy and humanity go!
永遠別泯滅同理心與人性!
《永不讓我走》是石黑郎的第六本小說，並被證明是自他的布克獲獎鼎盛時期以來最受歡迎的一本書。它在2010年改編成電影。有劇透，慎入 (Spoiler alert)！
★★★★★★★★★★★★
The film takes place in the late 20th century after a medical breakthrough in 1952 has permitted the human lifespan to be extended beyond 100 years. In England, human beings are cloned and bred for the purposes of harvesting their organs once they reach adulthood.
1. medical breakthrough 醫療突破
2. permit允許；使…有可能
3. human lifespan 人類壽命
4. be cloned and bred 被複製與（為育種目的）飼養
5. for the purpose of 基於…的目的
6. harvest 豐收(這裡指把克隆人養大以獲取他們的器官)
7. reach adulthood 長大成人
這部電影的背景發生於20世紀晚期，在1952年醫學突破使人類壽命能延長至超過百歲之後。於英格蘭，人們基於獲取器官的目的而克被隆和繁殖。
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Hailsham is a school for these clones. There, the clones live with no outside contact, interacting only with each other and their teachers, who are referred to as “guardians.” The Hailsham students know nothing of their fates or having any real understanding of the world.
8. clones 複製人
9. outside contact (n.) 外界接觸
10. know nothing of 對…一無所知
Hailsham是一所針對這些克隆人的學校。 在那兒，這些克隆人生活沒有外界與聯繫，只在克隆人之間以及與他們的老師（又稱「監護人」）的互動。Hailsham學生對自己的命運一無所知，對世界無從理解。
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Once the children have reached maturity, they leave their enclosed community and are given limited access to the normal world while awaiting summons to make “donations.”
11. reach maturity 達到成熟(這裡指成年)
12. enclosed community 封閉的社區
13. limited access to 有限度的
14. summons (n.) 命令；召喚
15. make donation 捐贈
一旦孩子(克隆人)成年，他們便離開封閉的社區，等待命令進行「捐贈」時，只被允許相當限度的進入「正常的世界」。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
In the end, the young adults learn the truth of their fates but they do not respond with sorrow or anger. They lack the essential concepts of justice and injustice, and do not even have the words to fight their oppression. Like those conditioned to be exploited, they blame themselves, thinking that they deserve their inferior status and fates. Rather than attempting to revolt, they latch onto the empty promise of escape for a lucky few.
16. lack (v.) 缺乏*
17. essential concepts of 基本概念
18. justice and injustice 正義與不義
19. do not have the words並未討論、爭吵
20. fight oppression 反抗壓迫
21. conditioned 習慣的、適應的
22. inferior status and fates 低等的地位與命運
23. revolt (v.) 反抗；造反；反叛
24. latch onto sth 與…發生聯繫; 纏上; (這裡指寄望於)
25. empty promise 虛假承諾
最後，年輕人知曉了命運真相，他們卻不會悲傷或憤怒地回應。 他們缺乏正義和不義的基本概念，也缺乏反抗壓迫的言論。 像那些習慣被剝削的人一樣，他們責備自己，認為自己卑劣的地位和命運是應當的。他們並未試圖反慷，而是寄望於成為少數幸運逃生的虛假承諾。
*lack: http://bit.ly/33LrOhw
★★★★★★★★★★★★
“If you don’t know you’re a slave , how do you fight to be free?”
「如果你不知道自己是奴隸，要怎麼為自由而戰？」
“If you don't know the words, that means you don't understand the concept, and therefore, you don't even realize that concept is even a possibility.”
「如果你不知道某些詞彙，那就意味著你並不了解某些概念，因此你也不會意識到，那些概念可以是一種可能。」
Freedom is fragile. I don't want to alarm you, but it is. It only took three generations to make North Korea into George Orwell's "1984." It took only three generations. If we don't fight for human rights for the people who are oppressed right now who don't have a voice, as free people here, who will fight for us when we are not free?
自由很脆弱。我不想嚇你，但事實如此。短短三個世代，就讓北韓淪為喬治．歐威爾筆下的《１９８４》。只花了三個世代。如果我們不為人權而戰，不為受壓迫、不為無法發聲的人而戰，當身為自由人的我們不自由時，誰還願意為我們而戰？
——Human rights activist, Yeonmi Park 人權鬥士朴延美
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資訊出處:
Fraser, N. (2012). On justice: Lessons from Plato, Rawls and Ishiguro. New Left Review, 74, 41-51.
照片出處: https://bit.ly/2OS0JmX
★★★★★★★★★★★★
［翻轉視界 8］逃離禁錮之地：離開北韓我學會自由與憐憫
https://bit.ly/39pYoZB
如何增進同理心: https://bit.ly/34qSKnC
翻轉視界系列文章: https://bit.ly/3fPvKUs
#ChangingPerspectives
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