[Word Map 1: Health care]
各位同學是否曾經有想要背單字卻常常忘記的經驗,或是無法在口說或寫作時應用已經背過的單字?
老師幫同學設計的一種新的單字學習方式結合了 collocation、lexical chunks 和 semantic mapping 更有效率地學習單字:
我們可以使用 collocation(e.g. totally convinced, strong accent) 的方式來更有效率地學習單字( http://goo.gl/MHfDzx )。或是我們可以使用 lexical chunks (e.g. by the time, if I were you) 這會幫助你更快地在口說和寫作中產出適當的語言 (http://goo.gl/jswS0E)。更有效率的方式是把所有相關的lexical chunks (詞彙組塊) 歸納在一個主題下,在有上下文的情境下用 semantic map (語義圖) 讓你用一個主題展開一系列的話題的學習。接下來再利用時事英文加深同學們對這一些相關的lexical chunks 的認知來進行討論,進行有意義的學習。
今天,我們將要學習和health care有關的單字。我建議各位可以先讀過下面的字句,用他們造句,在讀過我提供的範文。接著,在自己使用剛剛學會的這些單字撰寫自己的文章。假如同學覺得此單元對自己學習英文有幫助或者想聽到老師錄的音檔 (甚至拍相關的影片) 請在下方留言喔!我會繼續努力提供新的教材給各位學習喔!
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Set I. 我們從preventing diseases預防疾病相關的lexical chunks開始:
1. improve our hygiene (加強衛生)
2. wet (弄濕), lather 起泡, scrub (搓洗), rinse (洗淨), and dry our hands (擦乾我們的手)
3. cook poultry and pork thoroughly (煮熟雞肉和豬肉)
4. refrigerate all leftovers (冷藏剩菜)
5. get vaccinated (注射預防針)
6. develop an immunity to (對…產生免疫)
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Set II. 當我們生病時我們應該用甚麼相關的lexical chunks來表達?
1. contract a disease (感染一種病)
2. receive treatment (接受治療 )
3. seek help from a medical professional (尋求專業醫療照護)
4. do not diagnose our own illnesses (不要自行診斷)
5. follow the doctor’s orders (聽從醫師的指示)
6. take our medication and follow the prescription (遵循處方吃藥)
7. follow the prescribed course of treatment (遵循處方/治療)
8. not finishing the prescription may slow down the healing process (沒吃完處方簽的藥物可能會減緩復原的時間 )
9. cause germs to develop antibiotic resistance (導致細菌產方抗藥性)
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Set III. 以下是與流行疾病的相關 lexical chunks:
1. contain an outbreak (阻止疫情的爆發)
2. contagious disease (傳染病)
3. an epidemic (流行病)
4. a pandemic (國家疫情爆發或擴散)
5. a global pandemic (國家和全世界的流行病)
6. avoid touching our mouths, noses, or eyes (避免觸碰我們的口鼻眼)
7. cover our mouths and noses when coughing and sneezing (咳嗽或打噴嚏時請遮口鼻)
8. avoid crowded places (避免前往人多的地方)
9. reduce human transmission 減少人類傳染
10. stay home if you show signs of illness (若感到不適請留在家中)
11. develop symptoms of the diseases (產生生病症狀)
12. seek medical attention by contacting your health care provider (與您的健保提供者聯絡尋求醫療協助)
13. have severe symptoms (有嚴重的症狀)
14. difficulty in breathing (難以呼吸)
15. wear a surgical mask (使用外科口罩)
16. reduce chances of contracting a disease (避免染上疾病)
17. pay attention to public announcements about the disease (注意關於疫情的公告)
18. be prepared for possible pandemics (對於疫情爆發要有準備)
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Set IV. 最後我們要如何保持健康的lexical chunks:
1. stay healthy (保持健康)
2. mentally healthy (心理上的健康)
3. understand our own emotions (認識與了解自己的情緒)
4. talk to others about problems such as depressions
(與其他人談談自己的問題,如情緒低落或憂鬱)
5. stay socially healthy (維持社交上的健康)
6. maintain good relationships (維持良好的關係)
7. stay physically healthy (維持生理上的健康)
8. exercise regularly (定期地運動)
9. get plenty of rest (有充足的休息)
10. maintain healthy eating habits (保持健康飲食習慣)
11. eat nutritious meals (每餐要吃得營養)
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這些字可以用主題來組織成這個word map,好處就是可以方便各為同學在需要的時候做聯想。不過單字跟單字的mapping只是第一步。現在我們來看看如何在時事新聞使用這些字。
News English:
The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, known as MERS, is a viral respiratory illness. The most recent outbreak occurred in South Korea with over 150 reported cases and 19 deaths as of June 15th, and over 2300 have been placed under quarantine, making it the largest outbreak outside Saudi Arabia, its place of origin. Most patients who contracted MERS developed severe acute respiratory illness with symptoms of fever, cough and shortness of breath. Currently, there is no vaccine to prevent the MERS infection, but numerous countries are exploring the possibility of developing one. To prevent MERS, doctors have recommended the following: wash your hands often with soap and water for 20 seconds each time, and help young children do the same. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze, then throw the tissue in the trash. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with unwashed hands. Avoid personal contact, such as kissing, or sharing cups or eating utensils, with sick people. Clean and disinfect touched surfaces and objects, such as doorknobs, frequently. Lastly, stay away from crowded places and pay attention to public announcements. Although there is no specific treatment recommended for MERS infection, individuals with MERS can seek medical care to help relieve symptoms. Stay healthy, everyone.
學習單字的方式 (Vocabulary Words): http://goo.gl/dESCms
Co-writer: Ray Du's English
https://www.facebook.com/RayDuEnglish
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Eric的心智圖詞彙攻略: https://bit.ly/2UbvFCj
such as造句 在 喬的英文筆記 Joe's English Learning Notes Facebook 的最佳貼文
<八種常用寫作句型分享-3 >
喬今天又要分享八種常用寫作句型囉!各位同學可以試著自己用這些句型造句,日積月累的練習才能造就寫作的能力唷!一起來熟記這些用法吧!
accuse sb of Ving 控告;指責某人於某事
e.g. At present, plenty of parents accuse school teachers of their indifference to their children’s psychological development.
目前有很多家長指責學校老師對於他們小孩的心理發展漠不關心
be adjacent to 與…比鄰; 連接; 靠近; 貼近
e.g. The fancy hotel is within a walking distance to Time Square and is adjacent to the two major shopping malls in the city.
這個精緻的飯店距離時代廣場非常近,而且非常接近此城市的兩個大賣場
have an affinity for 對…有吸引力; 喜歡
e.g. The truth is that if you have an affinity for a person, you overlook most of his or her imperfections. That is why love is blind.
事實上就是如果你喜歡上一個人,你會忽略掉他/她大部份的不完美之處。這就是為什麼愛情是盲目的
be aggrieved at 因..感到焦慮; 對…感到悲傷
e.g. Caroline’s mother is rather aggrieved at her having been taking drugs since her high school.
凱瑞萊的母親對於她自從高中就開始吸食毒品感到非常悲傷
be allergic to 對…有過敏反應; 厭惡…
e.g. Suggestions and criticisms are usually unpleasant to people but do good to them in fact. Sadly to say, some are even allergic to them and thus make no progress.
建議與批評通常是帶給人不悅,但事實上對人們是有益處的。很難過地,有些人甚至厭惡它們,也因此無法進步。
come into antagonism with 與..鬧翻; 對抗
e.g. The two entrepreneurs came into antagonism with each other since their companies’ new products seem to be coincidentally identical in terms of function, leading to big loss in profits.
這兩位企業家與彼此鬧翻,因為就功能性而言,他們公司的新產品似乎巧妙地雷同,造成很大的利益損失。
be apt to 有…傾向; 很容易..; 有可能
e.g. The old are apt to make such mistakes as thinking the young should always be at their mercy because they are definitely more experienced in everything.
老年人很容易犯諸如此類的錯- 認為年輕人必須一直聽從他們,因為老年人在每件事都是非常有經驗的
aspire after/towards/for + N. ; aspire to V. 渴望; 嚮往; 追求; 有志於
e.g. Caroline aspires to become a successful businesswoman since she is obsessed with feminism.
凱瑞萊嚮往成為一個成功的女商人因為她沈溺於女權主義
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