運動 – 養兒育女必須知道的21件中醫知識(19)
運動和青少年成長有很大的關係,運動不僅僅可以增强身體健康,對心靈成長及人格養成也有很大的幫助。許多病人和讀者也們常問,做什麽運動比較好、心肺功能不佳時怎麽做運動、跑步和太極拳那個比較合適等等的問題。所以,我們今天來討論一下運動,也對應一些中醫的觀點。
我喜歡把運動分爲三類:有氧運動、重量訓練、瑜伽類。有氧運動(aerobic exercise)是大家最熟悉的,走路、跑步、爬山、Zumba等,都是有氧運動。有氧運動的特色在提高心跳速率,增强心肺功能。心率要提升到多高才「達到效果」?依照美國CDC的建議,平均最高心率為(220 – 年齡),譬如五十歲的最高心率為(220 – 50)= 170,緩和的有氧運動,心率應該達到最高心率的50~70%,較劇烈的有氧運動,心率應該達到最高心率的70~85%,間歇性的劇烈運動,心率超過最高心率的85%。每一個心率區間有其不一樣的功能,大家可以參考運動心率監測器廠商Polar網頁上找到的圖片。
重量訓練,不只是為了肌肉強健、粗壯有力,其實還有更深一層的意義。以西醫的角度而言,心臟把血液外送到身體各個部位,但是,心臟並不能把血液從身體各個部位「吸」回來,靜脈血液的回流,主要是靠肌肉運動產生的壓力差而「擠」回到心臟,單憑呼吸產生的胸腔負壓及心臟舒張的負壓是不夠的。這一點和中醫的觀點相似,中醫認為脾主四肢、主肌肉、脾統血。「統血」的意思是指把組織液中的成份回收到靜脈血管,再把靜脈血液送回心臟,而脾家之所以有「統血」的功能,和四肢、肌肉有很大的關聯。換句話說,脾虛而濕重時,不一定是「水」多,而是該回收的東西沒有回收,留在組織液、三焦水道、五臟六腑之間。因此,我們或許可以把「有氧運動」粗略對應到增強動脈血液外送,把「重量訓練」粗略對應到增強靜脈血液回收,和中醫所謂的「心主血」「脾統血」有直接的關聯。
重量訓練的討論,常常帶出兩個話題。第一,心臟功能不好,沒走幾步路就喘,如何能做有氧運動來增強心肺功能?這樣的情況下,不急著去走路、跑步,先從簡單的重量訓練開始。人體內不能有真空,血液的回流不好,會增加心臟輸出血液的負擔,現代醫學研究把大腿比喻為「第二心臟」,如果去除了大腿肌肉運動,心臟的負擔立即大幅增加70%。也就是說,當心臟功能不佳時,先藉由重量訓練來增強血液回流,做重量訓練一兩個月後再回來走路、跑步,會發現心臟負擔比以前輕了,沒那麼喘了,這時再開始做有氧運動來直接增強心臟的功能。第二,小孩子能不能做重量訓練?有些人認為重量訓練會讓小孩子長不高,他們論點是重量訓練使得骨頭密度變高而非增長,現代許多醫學研究卻認為重量訓練並不會導致小孩子長不高。中醫認為「久立傷骨」,是指長時間站立,骨骼強撐著身體的重量而耗損,然而,這並不是告訴人不要站立,而是得適度。因此,適度的重量訓練並不會讓小孩子長不高,反而能增強骨骼。不過,為了不大幅增加小孩子脊椎骨的負擔,最好不要站立地舉重,而是躺坐在啞鈴椅(weight bench)上做重量訓練。
瑜伽類,是指柔軟度、平衡、拉筋、專注力等的綜合運動,雖然看起來沒有有氧運動及重量訓練那麼「激烈」,其實是真正決定運動能力的關鍵,越來越多的專業運動員練習瑜珈,就連摔角選手都可以藉由瑜伽類運動來提升其戰鬥力。另一方面,隨著年齡的增長,柔軟度及平衡力等越加重要。無論男士女士,如果想看起來年輕十歲,做瑜伽是最好的方法,而如果小孩子能從小開始練瑜珈,對其一生的健康會有很大的幫助。
有氧運動、重量訓練、瑜伽類,三類運動都做,當然是最好的,如果時間不足,先專注在其中一類,培養出運動的習慣後,再逐漸加入另外兩類。一般而言,美國青少年持續運動的情況相當普及,大約有一半會加入一兩種運動的正式團隊,譬如游泳隊、籃球隊、田徑隊等等。沒有參加正式團隊的人,許多也會在課餘時間打打球、跑跑步,只有約三分之一的青少年平時較少運動。相比之下,台灣及中國大陸的青少年較少運動,畢竟連大人都不常運動了,很難讓青少年在繁忙課業外還有動機來運動。所以,想要小孩子運動,首先要做的是父母自己先開始運動。另外,做運動不要太功利,運動的效果不會立即顯現,許多人剛開始運動時,反而因為肌肉增強、肥肉沒減而變胖。至少得持續有恆地運動60到90天,才會真的感受到運動的好處,而那時候也會真的喜愛上運動,而不是心不甘情不願地運動。不要忘記,人的心理和生理是相通的,「心甘情願、全心投入」在運動上是很重要的,那些在跑步機上一面走一面看雜誌的人,往往只是求個心安,很難達到真正的效果。
文章結束前,還有一個問題得談談。很多人問氣功、太極拳等如何?氣功、太極拳等都是很好的運動,不過,有一些實際上的問題。第一,不容易找到好的師父或教練,不如上面的三類運動容易開始實踐。第二,絕大多數的人練習氣功、太極拳等,都只是練個「形」,而沒練到「神」,動作好看,實質上的幫助有限。第三,就算是找到好師父、好教練,也有足夠的天賦抓到其中的「神」,還是得練上好多年才能達到一個程度以上,在這個過程中,如果缺少了有氧運動、重量訓練、瑜伽類的運動,對身體的幫助依然不夠全面。因此,對大多數人而言,還是以有氧運動、重量訓練、瑜伽類運動為主,如果有機緣,另外再多學習氣功、太極拳等,是比較實際的選擇。
(http://andylee.pro/wp/?p=9505)
#當張仲景遇上史丹佛
同時也有18部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過12萬的網紅朱學恒的阿宅萬事通事務所,也在其Youtube影片中提到,Twitch傳送門: https://www.twitch.tv/otakuarmy2 美國大概是世界上最有名的隨時會出賣你的好朋友了,從越南到阿富汗,哪個不是好朋友,但當了好朋友之後還是要隨時小心美方忽然決策改變啊!今天就來談一談美方最近的狀況吧! FT 美國德州Sam Houston州立大學...
三焦水道 在 當張仲景遇上史丹佛 Facebook 的最讚貼文
血虛的人 不要亂艾灸
隨著這幾年來中醫的能見度大幅增加,對中醫感興趣及學習中醫的人越來越多。許多人認識了一些中醫基本知識後,都想幫助自己及親朋好友改善身體健康。而許多初學者知道自己辨證論治開藥方的功力還不足,也不敢下針,艾灸就成為了大家選擇的第一步。畢竟,艾灸不算是侵入式治療,從外面灸一下關元、足三里、三陰交等常用的穴位,覺得好像是把熱能灌進身體裡,去去寒氣,許多初學者都猜想應該沒有什麼壞處吧。
其實,並非如此。雖然很多情況下病人自己艾灸是安全的,也多多少少有幫助,臨床上我們可以看到一些病人自己隨便艾灸,或者被學藝不精的中醫師亂艾灸後,身體出現他們沒有想到的問題。譬如,有些病人越灸越虛、越睡不著覺;有些病人感冒時灸膏肓,結果背上長了一個大大的脂肪瘤(lipoma);有些病人連續灸關元幾週後,腹部深處竟然冒出腫塊。
為什麼會這樣呢?並不是艾灸本身有什麼問題,而是每一種醫療行為,都有其適用及不適用的情況。艾灸雖好,也可以成為外邪中的火邪,傷寒論中許多條文提到不適合艾灸的情況,譬如,「脈浮,熱甚,而反灸之,此為實,實以虛治,因火而動,必咽燥、吐血」、「微數之脈,慎不可灸。因火為邪,則為煩逆,追虛逐實,血散脈中,火氣雖微,內攻有力,焦骨傷筋,血難復也」、「脈浮,宜以汗解,用火灸之,邪無從出,因火而盛,病從腰以下必重而痹,名火逆也」。一般而言,初學中醫者遇到燥熱、上火、口乾舌燥時,憑著自己的猜想,大概都會覺得不適合艾灸,免得越灸越熱。然而,遇到了手腳涼、身體怕冷、有氣無力,或者舌苔白厚、小便清等等的「寒症」時,許多初學中醫者都會以為多多艾灸有益無害。其實,這樣的觀念是錯誤的。
許多病人的「寒症」表現,是來自長時期的血虛。簡單的比喻,心臟好比汽車的引擎,肝血好比汽車的汽油,當汽油長時間不足、品質不佳,引擎輸出的能量必定大幅減少,引擎也會因此受損。血虛剛剛開始時,或許如大家想的,會有些燥熱。然而,長期血虛導致心臟輸出能量大幅減少,心陽不足,自然也就出現手腳涼、身體怕冷、及其它的「寒症」等等。這個時候,適當使用艾灸,或許可以讓病人局部寒症減輕,身體感覺比較舒服。然而,過度艾灸反而會造成津液流失,津液與血同源,血虛也就更加嚴重。另外,上面提到的傷寒論的條文,雖然是針對外感、太陽證的陳述,背後的道理卻適用於其它火邪的情況。簡單比喻一下,當津液因火邪而大幅流失時,不僅僅三焦水道的運作受到影響,血管內的水份也減少,血液也相對變得濃稠,除了加重氣血兩虛、肝血歸肝不順而睡眠更差等等以外,如果病人原本就有氣滯、血瘀,譬如,感冒時背上的膀胱經受寒而氣行不順,或者女士婦科、下腹部有瘀血,那麼過度艾灸膏肓導致背上長出脂肪瘤、過度艾灸關元導致腹部深處冒出腫塊,也就不難理解。
當然,這篇文章不是說艾灸不好,很多時候艾灸是非常好的治療方法,方便、便宜、又有效。只是醫學沒有捷徑,不是這裡熱一熱、那裡壓一壓就可以治百病。病人自己亂艾灸,甚至一些執業中醫師什麼病症都要病人連續艾灸幾個月,造成「焦骨傷筋」、「病從腰以下必重而痹」,還搞不清楚為什麼病人身體會有越來越多的問題。
(http://andylee.pro/wp/?p=8143)
#當張仲景遇上史丹佛
三焦水道 在 當張仲景遇上史丹佛 Facebook 的精選貼文
從非典到新冠肺炎
From SARS to Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) - English version is in the second half
新冠肺炎,Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) 新型冠状病毒肺炎,疫情越來越嚴重,被證實可以人傳人,也在武漢以外的許多地方發現病例,造成世界各國及世界衛生組織(WHO)高度關切,當然也讓很多住在中國大陸及附近區域的華人非常緊張,就好像當年的非典肺炎疫情即將再一次大爆發一樣。
目前,現代醫學還沒有找到治療新冠肺炎的方法,只能針對某些症狀來處理,疫苗的研發更是遙遙無期。怎麼辦?每次遇到這種情況,中醫就會被搬出來,這次也不例外。新冠肺炎爆發後,網上馬上有許多中醫對付新冠肺炎的文章。當然,除非哪位中醫師看過、治好過大量的新冠肺炎病例,所有的討論都是猜想、假設。然而,有些猜想及假設值得參考,有些猜想及假設卻明顯在誤導大眾。
我還沒有治療過新冠肺炎,不能大肆評論。不過,我治好過很多禽流感、豬流感、及每年流感導致的嚴重肺炎及其它病變的病人。其中許多病人是被美國大型西醫院證實為嚴重肺炎,被要求醫院或居家隔離,偷偷溜出來找中醫看診的。也因此許多病人及討論中醫的網站,希望我能針對新冠肺炎發表一些意見。
我們以前就討論過,這些彪悍的流感病毒,經過那麼多年、那麼多次的變種(mutation),每年都不一樣,東漢時期傳下來的經典中醫,根本沒有遇到過現在的病毒,怎麼可能治療如此嚴重的肺炎呢?
中醫從來就不認識病毒,也不從病毒種類的角度來思考。中醫是探討人體受到外界因素破壞,失去平衡後,身體會有哪些現象、哪些反應,根據那些現象、那些反應來調整身體狀況,期待身體能恢復到平衡狀態,把外界因素帶來的破壞減到最小。我打個半開玩笑的比方,警匪槍戰時,我們注意到壞人哪個方向來的火力強大,造成我們部署在哪個位置的警員傷亡,這時我們會趕緊重新部署人員,或者想辦法增派警力,我們大概無暇去管壞人是用哪個牌子的槍、哪個工廠做的子彈!
雖然幾百年幾千年下來,病毒變種等等的外界因素改變了非常多,人體演化的改變卻非常有限。人體的功能,無論是怎麼被破壞的,某項功能被破壞而導致的症狀、反應、後續演變,卻依然有明顯的脈絡可循。也因為如此,在很多情況下,中醫以專注人體本身平衡狀態的治療方式,反而比西醫專注在外來敵人的治療方式來得有效許多。
依據多年累積大量的臨床病例觀察,無論是禽流感、豬流感、還是每年的流感,人體敗壞的進程依然如同傷寒雜病論探討的一樣,非常簡化的說,從一般桂枝湯證、葛根湯證等的表寒,轉變到小青龍湯證等的裡寒,津液不足、水道運化失調而化熱,變成比較嚴重的大青龍湯證,或者更嚴重肺臟的寒熱夾雜,金匮要略肺痿肺癰咳嗽上氣病脈證治第七篇中的射干麻黃證、葶藶大棗瀉肺湯證、澤漆湯證、小青龍加石膏湯證等等混雜出現,搞得亂七八糟,也不再是什麼簡單方劑可以對應的。
然而,雖然進程很像,不同於一般外感的是,這些嚴重流感肺炎病情加重的改變速度快非常多,也來得猛烈頑強很多。一般的外感從桂枝湯證、葛根湯證等轉變到大青龍湯證或更複雜的病情,通常需要一兩週的時間。同時,還得病人自己非常不注意,或者醫生治療錯誤,一般感冒才會沒辦法自己好,反而變成嚴重的病症。這幾年的流感,從一開始覺得不太對勁,到嚴重複雜的病情,只需要三四天,而且有越來越快的趨勢。這大幅提高中醫師治療流感時,判斷功力及敏感度的要求,中醫師必須在許多症狀還沒有出現時,就得抓緊時間,趕緊行動,卻又不能預防過度,反而讓病情加重。換句話說,時機、劑量、藥材比例變得非常重要,稍有不慎,就無法反轉病情。
舉個例子,有些病人得了流感,咳嗽非常嚴重,痰非常多,呼吸困難。依照中醫的辨證,假如一致都是寒,舌苔白、小便清、怕冷等等,本來依照辨證論治,我們可能會開射干麻黃湯加減給病人。然而,因為流感的進程非常快速,中醫師得非常敏感,譬如看到舌苔白卻帶有一絲絲乾的感覺,就很可能得加上大寒的石膏來避免肺喪失津液,卻又不能加太多石膏,以免肺寒加重。又譬如聽到咳嗽聲音非常深沈,從肺的底部發出,又帶有膿痰的濁音,就很可能得加上瀉肺的葶藶來避免肺中水飲、痰飲大幅增加,卻又不能加太多葶藶,以免肺變得太虛弱。
我們回頭來看這次的新冠肺炎。根據有限的資訊,我們知道感染後有大約兩週的潛伏期,這段時間沒有什麼症狀,病人可能只會感到有些疲憊。剛開始發病時,很像一般的感冒,病人會發熱、乏力,並不嚴重,沒有什麼流鼻涕等上呼吸道的症狀,有的甚至沒有發熱。約一半的病人一週多後恢復,另一半的病人卻在一週後出現呼吸困難,有些病人會快速進展為急性呼吸窘迫綜合征、膿毒症休克、代謝性酸中毒、凝血功能障礙等等嚴重的問題,可能導致死亡。
從上面的敘述,我們不難發現,一開始很像一般中醫外感的桂枝湯證、葛根湯證,一半的病人也就自己恢復了,另一半的病人卻出現快速的入裡化熱現象,肺津液迅速流失,非常濃稠的痰飲沈積在肺部下方。同時,中醫認為肺為人體調節津液的源頭,肺金生水,好比天空下雨一般,而當肺的功能及津液調節出現嚴重障礙,很快就會拖累三焦水道、腎臟等的功能,導致上面提到的幾種嚴重病情。換句話說,新冠肺炎可以讓輕微的太陽證外感,迅速發展成嚴重的肺痿肺癰,再進一步瓦解人體其它功能的運作。
怎麼治療?在沒有直接治療武漢肺炎病人的情況下,我們也只能根據有限的資訊來推論,不過,以前大量的流感肺炎治療病例,可以讓我們比較有信心的面對新冠肺炎。當病人已經出現明顯新冠肺炎症狀時,大多已經入裡化熱,嚴重的肺痿肺癰。這個時候,得用大劑量的石膏清肺熱、加強肺津液運作。也得靠葶藶、大戟等把肺下方濃稠的痰飲及胸腔可能的積液去掉,痰飲積液不去,是無法修復肺家津液運作的。同時,肺氣不宣,就好像吸管上頭堵住了,吸管內的水無法上下,我們還得使用麻黃等宣肺、發陽的中藥來配合。另外,肺已經受損了,除了大動作急救外,比較穩定後,還得靠一些潤肺的藥來收尾,讓肺完全恢復。如果我們列一個可能加入的中藥單,大致有石膏、葶藶子、大戟、生半夏、麻黃、射干、紫菀 、款冬花、 生薑、炙甘草、紅棗、麥門冬、杏仁等等。當然,如前面所言,用藥的時機、劑量、藥材比例非常重要,每一個病人的差異也很大,嚴格考驗中醫師的功力與膽識,一旦判斷錯誤,不但沒有效果,反而可能會加重病情。
網上有些中醫師,說新冠肺炎或其它流感肺炎可以用板藍根清熱解毒來治好。也有些中醫師說可以用麥門冬湯等等的輕劑治好嚴重的肺炎。甚至還有些中醫師說多喝綠豆湯可以預防新冠肺炎!其實,真的遇過、治好過禽流感、豬流感等嚴重流感肺炎的中醫師,一看這些文章,就幾乎可以確定這些人根本沒有治療過嚴重肺炎的經驗,充其量只是在西醫治療下,在旁邊幫幫病人一些小忙而已。這樣的情況下,難怪中國政府平時大力推展中醫,真的有如同新冠肺炎這樣重大疫情爆發時,卻看不到中國政府大量使用中醫方法來治療病人、控制疫情。醫學是實戰的學問,沒有大量臨床病例,講得再好聽都是沒有用的,如果希望中醫真的在主流醫學裡站立起來,希望中醫真的能面對大規模的疫情,回歸最基本的臨床療效,才是最重要的,其它都只像是武術表演,而非實際作戰。
From SARS to Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Written in Chinese by Dr. Andy Lee, January 21, 2020
Translated to English by Dr. James Yeh and Dr. Andy Lee, March 28, 2020
The epidemic from Novel Coronavirus is becoming much more serious. Transmissivity among people has been proven. (Note: It's now named COVID–19. The term “Coronavirus” will be used here.) Cases were found in areas beyond Wuhan. It has caused serious attentions from the WHO (World Health Organization) and many countries around the world. The residents in China and the surrounding regions are quite worried and wonder whether it will break out like SARS (2003). (Note: The article was written on January 21, 2020, before Coronavirus became a global pandemic.)
So far, the modern medical field has not found a cure for Coronavirus, but resorts to treating patients’ symptoms only. Any vaccine to treat Coronavirus is still no way in the sight. What do we do? Every time such a situation happens, the topic of using Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is raised (at least among the Chinese communities). There is no exception this time. Many articles related to using TCM on Coronavirus have been popping up on the web. However, unless some TCM doctors who have actually treated many Coronavirus cases, all the discussion would be hypotheses or assumptions. Some hypotheses are worth considering while many others could be quite misleading.
Personally I have not treated patients cases related to Coronavirus. (Note: Shortly after this writing, the author has directly and indirectly participated in treating patients of Coronavirus successfully, and has published other later blogs which included his involvement in treating those patients. Please refer to his medical blog http://www.DrLee.us.) However, I did treat and cure patients inflicted by other viruses in the past, such as the Bird Flu, Swine Flu, and other influenza. A good amount of those patients were diagnosed as severe pneumonia by large hospitals and were required for isolation or self-quarantine. Hence many of patients and online medical forums online are asking for my opinions about Coronavirus.
As we discussed before, all these viruses from the outbreaks are either newly found or mutated from previous strands. The strand can be different every year. Therefore, people always ask how one can say that the TCM knowledge developed in East Han Dynasty (25-220 AD) would be any useful for treating the modern diseases, let alone the severe ones.
It turns out that TCM does not recognize any virus and does not deal with the concept of which type of virus is microscopically at work. TCM looks at how human bodies would become out-of-balance and react to external stimuli. Once the body is out of balance, what symptoms will exhibit and what reactions will be to adjust the body conditions to regain the balance, hence to reduce the damage to the body to the minimum. Let me take an example to illustrate: when there is a gunfight between the police and bandits, we want to see which direction the shots are coming from, causing casualties of the police force, so that we are able to adjust or reinforce the police power. We have no time to think about which brand of the guns or bullets the bandits use.
Over thousands of years, the external viruses have changed and evolved quite a bit, but the evolution of human beings was quite limited. The human body function, no matter how it was damaged, the symptoms due to the damage of the function, the reactions, and the following progression of the disease still follow certain paths. For this very reason, TCM’s focus on the balance of the human body often surpasses the effectiveness of Western medicine, which focuses more on external treats and the microscopic aspect of how human body’s cells are impacted by the external treats.
From the accumulation of many years of clinical treatment and observations, no matter it is Bird Flu, Swine Flu or other influenza, the bodily ‘damage’ and its progression by the viral attack still follow the description of the classic TCM literature “Treatise on Cold Damage on Miscellaneous Disease” (傷寒雜病論). In short summary, the disease usually starts with “Exterior Deficiency or Weakness” (表虛) or “External Coldness” (表寒), for which is matched to one of the several syndromes named with the corresponding herbal remedies such as “Gui Zhi Tang” (桂枝湯) and “Ge Geng Tang” (葛根湯). Then, the disease moves onto the next stage “Interior Coldness” (裡寒) or “Lung Coldness” (肺寒), which shows the syndromes named as “Xiao Qing Long Tang” (小青龍湯), etc. When the respiratory system is “affected by the coldness”, the body fluid function of the respiratory system gets affected. The circulation function of the lung becomes “Dry and Overheated” (燥热). This would lead to a more serious stage “Heated Interior” (入裡化熱) and would often be matched to its herbal remedy “Da Qing Long Tang” (大青龍湯). Or, even worse, it becomes so-called “mixed coldness and heat” (寒熱夾雜) in the lung. Such a complex situation was extensively discussed in Chapter 7 of the classic literature “Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber” (金匮要略肺痿肺癰咳嗽上氣病脈證治第七篇). At this complex stage, the illness development varies significantly among patients of different preconditions and other variants. It is no longer the situation that a simple herbal remedy can be applied to all the situations. The TCM theory illustrates various treatments by those herbal remedies such as “She Gan Ma Hung Tang” (射干麻黃湯), “Ting Li Da Zao Xie Fei Tang” (葶藶大棗瀉肺湯), ”Ze Qi Tang” (澤漆湯), “Xiao Qing Long Jia Shi Gao Tang” (小青龍加石膏湯), and others.
However, even the disease progressions are similar, the more serious viral attacks like Coronavirus can and often do progress much faster with more severe consequences than the common flu. As described in the previous paragraph, normally the disease progression of the “External Coldness” stage to the more serious “Heated Interior” stage usually takes one to two weeks. It is also often due to the ignorance of the patient or misdiagnosis and treatment of the doctor, which prevents the patient from recovering from this “catching a cold”. In the recent several years though, the time period between the time that the patient did not feel well and the time that the patient is in a serious and complex situation can be as short as 3 to 4 days. We also see the trend that this period gets shorter and shorter. In other words, the disease progression is getting much faster. This phenomenon poses a much higher demand on TCM doctors’ ability to make a quick and proper judgment and sensitivity to the subject matter. TCM doctors must intercept the disease progression before it reaches to a more serious stage, even without obvious symptoms of the next stage. TCM doctors have to timely prescribe the proper herbal remedy in terms of the type of herbs and relative dosages of herbs. Too weak a dosage could not stop the progression while too strong a dosage could worsen the condition also. A misjudgment would not be able the turn the conditions around, but hurt the patient more.
The above can be illustrated by a simple example. A patient caught flu and has symptoms such as heavy coughing, lots of sputum, and difficulty in breathing. From the TCM dialectics, with observations of white tongue coating, clear urine, and feeling chilly, etc., it is clearly caused by “Coldness”. Such a patient typically should be prescribed with “She Gan Ma Hung Tang” (射干麻黃湯) or its variations. However, due to the fast progression of the modern flu, the TCM doctor would need to pay attention to much subtle details such as the dryness of the tongue although it still shows the white coating. In this case, Sheng Shi Gao (Gypsum, 生石膏) might need to be added to the herbal remedy to make sure that the lung would not suffer dryness. Given that Sheng Shi Gao (Gypsum, 生石膏) itself is an ingredicient that is “very cold” in nature, the dosage could not be too strong to make the lung too chilly. At the opposite end of the spectrum, if the sound of the coughing is very ‘deep’, like dense sputum coming from the bottom of the lung, the herbal remedy might need to add Ting Li (Sisymbrium indicum, 葶藶) to clear up the lung to avoid too much mucus in the lung. And again, the dosage of葶藶 could not be too much to weaken the lung. (Note: Handling the proper timing and proper remedy can be a real test to the ability and experience of the TCM doctor.)
Let’s go back to the discussion on Coronavirus. From the limited information available so far, we know that there are about two weeks of incubation period after the infection. There are little symptoms during this period and the patient may just feel more tired than usual. More obvious symptoms will start like those of common flu with fever, fatigue but not too serious. Upper respiratory symptoms like running nose are less common. Some patients may not even exhibit fever. About half of the patients infected will recover over a week or so. The other half of the patients will experience difficulty in breathing, or rapid progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, coagulopathy, etc. Some patients had died due to these severe conditions.
From the above description, this Coronavirus, in the beginning, is very much like the common flu and will stay in stages of “Exterior Deficiency or Weakness” (表虛) or “External Coldness” (表寒). Half of the patients infected will recover by themselves as in common cold. The other half of the patients may exhibit situations of rapid penetration into inner organs and excess ‘heat’, which causes loss of fluidity of respiratory system and accumulation of dense sputum at the lower part of the lung. In the TCM theory, the lung serves as the initial “gating factor” of body fluids. When the lung fails to serve the proper function, other organs like the kidney will be adversely affected also. In other words, Coronavirus can turn a light “External Coldness” to extremely severe “Lung Atrophy” (肺痿) and “Lung Abscess” (肺癰), which in turn will impair the function of other organs.
How to treat? Without direct experience of treating Coronavirus patients, we can only postulate from our limited information available in hand. (Note: Shortly after this writing, the author has directly and indirectly participated in treating patients of Coronavirus successfully. The treatments were exactly as outlined in this article.) From the ample experience of dealing pneumonia cases caused by flu, we are confident that we can also treat Coronavirus successfully. When patients are showing the obvious Coronavirus symptoms, most of them would have entered the stage of “Heated Interior” (入裡化熱) with “Lung Atrophy” (肺痿) or “Lung Abscess” (肺癰) to a certain degree. At this stage, we will need large dosages of Sheng Shi Gao (Gypsum, 生石膏) to clear the heat to ensure the proper fluidity function of the lung. Also, we will rely on Ting Li (Sisymbrium indicum, 葶藶), Da Ji (Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr., 大戟), etc. to clear up the dense mucus at the lower part of the lung and to remove the edema of the chest chamber. Without getting rid of the excess mucus and fluid, the lung cannot properly function. We need to use Ma Huang (Ephedra sinica Stapf., 麻黃), etc. to enhance the lung function (宣肺、發陽) and restore proper breathing. When the lung is damaged as in fibrosis, after the conditions stabilize, we need to “moisturize” the lung (润肺) to help the lung to recover fully. In other words, we will most likely use the herbal ingredients such as Sheng Shi Gao (Gypsum, 生石膏), Ting Li (Sisymbrium indicum, 葶藶), Da Ji (Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr., 大戟), Sheng Ban Xia (Pinellia ternate, 生半夏), Ma Huang (Ephedra sinica Stapf., 麻黃), She Gan (Belamcanda chinensis, 射干), Zi Wan (Aster tataricus, 紫菀), Kuan Dong Hua (Tussilago farfara flower, 款冬花), Sheng Jiang (Ginger, 生薑), Zhi Gan Cao (processed Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., 炙甘草), Hong Zao (Ziziphus jujube, 紅棗), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon japonicas, 麥門冬), Xing Ren (Prunus armeniaca, 杏仁), and others. As we discussed in previous paragraphs, the timing, dosage, the relative ratios of different herbal ingredients are very critical. Given that there are quite some variations in patient conditions, the challenges on TCM doctors’ comprehensive knowledge, judgment and courage are unprecedented.
In those articles online, some TCM doctors claimed that Coronavirus can be cured by Ban Lan Gen (Isatis tinctoria root, 板藍根), which is believed to have natural antibiotic chemicals to “clear up the heat and toxics”. Some TCM doctors suggested using a simple mild herbal remedy “Mai Men Dong Tang” (麥門冬湯), which mainly relies on the ingredient Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon japonicas, 麥門冬). Some people even suggested that having the green bean soup could prevent Coronavirus. In fact, those TCM doctors who have good experience of treating Bird Flu, Swine Flu, and pneumonia caused by other influenza would know that the people making those claims never had the real experience of treating severe pneumonia. They at most helped in a minor way the patients under Western medicine treatments. Under such conditions, it is not a surprise that the China government has not used TCM as the primary method of treating Coronavirus, despite its big promotion of TCM in the recent years. (Note: After this writing, Coronavirus epidemic became so severe in China that the China government changed its strategy and started to use TCM extensively in treating many mild Coronaviurs cases.)
Medicine is the science based on real treatment results. Without a good amount of successful cases in clinical treatments, it is useless to promote any fancy idea of treating patients. If we would like TCM to be respected in the mainstream medicine and to be meaningfully used in a severe epidemic like Coronavirus, it is critical to focus on the most fundamental. That’s the clinical results. Like the martial arts, unless you can fight off the bad guys, it’s just a show of fancy movements.
(http://andylee.pro/wp/?p=7169)
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美國大概是世界上最有名的隨時會出賣你的好朋友了,從越南到阿富汗,哪個不是好朋友,但當了好朋友之後還是要隨時小心美方忽然決策改變啊!今天就來談一談美方最近的狀況吧! FT 美國德州Sam Houston州立大學政治系副教授
先來看看最近的一個跟美方全力配合現在命懸一線的好例子,阿富汗。根據自由時報的報導:【阿富汗激進組織「神學士」(Taliban,或譯塔利班)目前在與政府軍的爭鬥中暫居上風,並握有國內大部分領土。阿富汗總統加尼(Ashraf Ghani)今日表示,這要歸咎於美國「突發」的撤軍決定,不過他的政府已制訂好計畫,會在6個月之內將情勢制於掌握之下。《路透》報導,加尼在國會演說提到,「當前的情況是因為國際部隊突然撤軍的決定」、「近三個月以來,我們遭遇了始料未及的狀況」。】當然我們可以說被放棄會不爽天經地義,但包含了前任駐阿最高指揮官和曾經在阿富汗服役的暢銷書作者,都提到了一個問題,阿富汗的美軍協力者怎麼辦?當年美軍撤離南越時,一併疏散了十三萬名的美軍協力者,讓他們可以入境美國,免於他們被越共秋後算帳。但當年用的主要是船隻,這次阿富汗的這些翻譯、工程師、人道工作者至少有超過七萬名,如果要靠空運,將會超過二次世界大戰以後突破柏林封鎖的大規模空運,美軍做得到嗎?已經有阿富汗翻譯單純只是被塔利班哨所發現身分就被斬首了,這七萬名美軍協助者怎麼辦?
根據周天瑋的投書,【整整50年前的7月份,美國總統尼克森的策士,國家安全事務顧問季辛吉秘訪北京,安排尼克森在第二年破冰造訪,並發表美中聯合公報,使出了美國冷戰時期劃時代的「聯中制蘇」三角戰略。當時熟讀歷史的季辛吉向尼克森說了一席話,凡是研究外交和戰略,不可不知。他向尼克森冷峻預言:「再20年,你的後繼人如果和你一樣有智慧,便會傾向於利用俄羅斯去對付中國,…,[美國]必須絲毫不帶情緒地去打這場均勢賽局。可眼前,我們需要拿中國去糾正俄羅斯、制約俄羅斯。」(見《華盛頓郵報》2016.12.14)】但是普丁也不是省油的燈,既然知道自己戰略地位又有改變,美方想要更加利用俄羅斯,經濟上一直積弱不振的俄羅斯會這麼簡單就被美國利用嗎?
根據科技新報的報導:【阿曼灣的緊張局勢升溫,要從上週的海運襲擊事件開始說起。
7 月 29 日,一艘賴比瑞亞籍、以色列公司管理的油輪「莫瑟街號」(MV Mercer Street),在沒有裝載原油或石油產品的情況下駛離阿曼灣,過不久卻遭到裝有爆炸物的無人機襲擊,造成一名英國人和一名羅馬尼亞人死亡,英國、美國和以色列均指責是伊朗操縱無人機襲擊油輪,伊朗則矢口否認。
除了 Asphalt Princess 遭到挾持之外,還有 4 艘郵輪的狀況不明確。根據 Refinitiv 船舶追蹤數據,3 日在阿聯酋和伊朗之間的海域,至少有 5 艘船舶將其自動追蹤系統(AIS)的狀態更新為「不受指揮」,這種狀況代表著因為特殊狀況,船舶無法進行操縱。
美聯社也報導,3 日至少有 4 艘船在阿聯酋海岸外廣播警告,說失去對轉向的控制。據悉,這 4 艘船分別為 Queen Ematha、the Golden Brilliant、Jag Poofa 和 Abyss。】但特別的是,伊朗外交部完全否認有這件事情,以色列卻不斷的提高對立,背後倒是甚麼原因?
另外,根據中央社的報導:【美韓聯合軍事演習預計在8月舉行,北韓領導人金正恩胞妹、勞動黨副部長金與正今天透過官媒表示,若美韓執意要舉行聯合軍演,可能讓南北韓關係再度蒙上陰影,「會密切留意南方的決定」。韓聯社報導,金與正今天透過官媒中央通信社(KCNA)發表談話,表示「最近幾天一直聽到南韓軍隊與美軍聯合軍事演習將按規劃舉行,這種令人心情很差的消息」,顯示北韓當局仍保持與先前相同立場,要求美韓停辦聯合軍演。】北韓不爽美國大家應該都習慣了,但問題是這對文在寅來說難道會影響他的兩韓一統美夢嗎?還是這美夢本來就不存在?
然後曾任CIA東亞和南亞海外工作站站長的退休人員David Sauer在THEHILLS上面投了一篇書。標題看起來還好,【The US cannot allow China to think it will abandon Taiwan】,美國不能讓中國以為它會放棄台灣。但內文卻提到台灣應該增加兵力,在城市、下水道和山區持續作戰,進行“焦土”政策,讓中國贏了台灣也得不到東西...翁P大為震怒,說這又不是你家,你才全家焦土戰術咧,這到底是安得甚麼心啊?順帶一提,美國眾議院提案政府單位不買含有台灣的中國地圖,參議院會過嗎?
https://thehill.com/opinion/national-security/565618-the-us-cannot-allow-china-to-think-it-will-abandon-taiwan
另外,這也是彭博社的消息,美國商務部公開表示..減少對台灣晶片的依賴,美國一直說支持台灣,但是台灣真的可以讓美國不能不支持的原因,在於半導體產業,可是現在美國卻默默的降低依賴...甚至他們五百二十億美金的半導體計畫可能只提供給總部在美國的企業,日後台灣護國神山還能夠有這麼大的話語權嗎?
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-28/biden-to-decide-on-grants-to-foreign-chipmakers-raimondo-says
根據自由時報的報導:【根據日經新聞報導,由於美中貿易戰越演越烈,增添晶片的地緣政治風險,有日本專家建議,日美應共同設立先進半導體研究所,在日本進行晶片設計,並交由美國廠商製造,以擺脫當前過度依賴台灣供應晶片的情況。提出這個構想的包括前日本防衛省次官西正典(Masanori Nishi),以及美國在日智囊組織鮑爾亞洲集團(BGA)的成員;BGA是華府智庫戰略暨國際研究中心(CSIS)在東南亞設立的分支機構。】但不只日方這樣提案,美國的商務部長也沒有在客氣的,也是根據自由時報的報導:【美國商務部長雷蒙多(Gina Raimondo)28日表示,由於地緣政治的風險,美國希望減少對台灣晶片的依賴,將透過520億美元的半導體扶植計畫,補助歐盟等外國晶片生產商。】
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三焦水道 在 公視新聞網 Youtube 的精選貼文
土耳其橫跨歐亞大陸,戰略地位重要,第一大城伊斯坦堡更控制著黑海進入地中海唯一的航道,博斯普-魯斯海峽因為航運日益繁忙,總統艾爾多安宣布啟動第二條平行水道伊斯坦堡運河的建設工程,未來分擔運量,還能刺激經濟。不過,這樣做有增加地震、破壞生態的危機,加上150億美元的天價預算,引發高度爭議。
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國外有利用下水道汙水監測新冠病毒,即時取得社區感染情況。指揮中心也證實,已有2處汙水監測到病毒量,不過病毒Ct值很高,不具傳染性。未來會針對測到病毒的流域,來設採檢站,找出無症狀感染者。
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