【 火花四射的美國總統大選辯論 】
眾所矚目的第一場2020年美國總統大選辯論於美東時間九月二十九日晚間九點在俄亥俄州克里夫蘭市凱斯西儲大學(Case Western Reserve University, CWRU)舉行,由於疫情因素,辯論現場並未對外開放觀眾,僅有少數幕僚在場。儘管如此,這應該是近年美國總統大選辯論最具火花的一次。
但令人遺憾的是,火花並非來自智識上的交鋒,也非政策議題的切磋,而是兩位候選人的言語攻擊。川普從頭到尾不斷打斷拜登的發言,甚至與主持人福斯電視台華勒斯(Chris Wallace)當場槓上,面對華勒斯不斷提醒(甚至是糾正)川普必須遵守辯論規則以及尊重對手不被打斷地發言,川普仍然自顧自地高談闊論。拜登則一度失言稱川普為小丑(clown),甚至動怒叫川普閉嘴(shut up)。
辯論後,外界負評如潮。各家民調不一,認為拜登表現較佳者佔多數,大約有五至六成,而認為川普表現較佳者則約三至四成。但針對整體辯論表現,大多數美國的意見領袖認為這場辯論是對美國民主的恥辱,兩位候選人皆未表現出總統應該有的高度與風度。
回到辯論議題上的表現。在川普及拜登各說各話的狀況下,這場辯論對中間選民或搖擺州的選民影響應該不大,辯論結果比較像是各自固守雙方的基本盤。面對這場膠著的大選,中間選民應該會等到第二次甚至第三次辯論後才會決定投票意向。
坦白說,在部分逆風議題上,川普在辯論場上答得不差。例如紐約時報日前揭發川普在2016年及2017年繳交聯邦所得稅(federal income tax)750美元,原本預期這會成為川普在辯論上的致命傷,但川普在面對質問時回應他係遵守歐巴馬政府時期的稅務規定,等於把球丟回民主黨陣營。
在種族議題的交火上,我個人認為川普的表現優於拜登,這也是拜登非常可惜之處,畢竟民主黨向來強調多元文化及種族平等。川普猛攻「法律與秩序」(law and order),意在鞏固所謂的執法(law enforcement)人員選票,拜登則回以要求川普當場譴責白人至上主義者,川普儘管表示願意予以譴責,但隨即又把話頭轉走。川普攻擊拜登過往的「超級掠奪者」(super predator)言論,拜登的回應失於軟弱,令人意外。
在正直誠信議題上,雙方表現不分秋色。在郵寄選票( mail-in ballots)可能造成的選務爭議上,拜登展現風度正面回應主持人提問,而川普則數次舉例郵寄選票造成的爭議。除非開票結果懸殊,否則我預期郵寄選票爭議將會在這次美國大選再次發生。
綜觀全場選舉,川普在面對拜登針對某項政策質疑時的回應主戰略就是「沒錯,但你為何從政那麼久、當聯邦參議員那麼久,都不做呢?」川普不斷強調,他總統任內的47個月所完成的事情比拜登從政47年還要多,而這一點拜登似乎也未拿出實質政績有效回應。
外交議題並未在這場辯論成為焦點,雙方雖然談到中國,但聚焦於美國疫情的處理。談及氣候變遷議題時,拜登再次承諾將於當選總統後重新加入巴黎協定(Paris Accord),這是這場辯論中少數在全球或外交議題上的陳述。也許在未來兩場辯論中,中國政策甚至是台灣議題,有可能浮上檯面。
(本篇感謝NOWnews名家論壇邀稿)
華爾街日報3.4折訂購優惠:
https://reurl.cc/M7p8ev
(訂閱之後,也歡迎私訊跟我確認一下喔!)
Instagram: old_dog_chasing_ball
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過5萬的網紅Imagine Scent,也在其Youtube影片中提到,BLACK NO.1- HOUSE OF MATRIARCH (FRAGRANCE REVIEW) Hey guys, today I have a special guest on my channel who would be helping me review this very amazin...
accord case 在 Eric's English Lounge Facebook 的精選貼文
[時事英文] 中美網絡戰鬥力
在過去的二十年中,對常規軍事作戰的理解已從二維戰場(battlefield)轉變為多維系統的作戰空間(battlespace),資訊戰(information warfare)也早已開始。我們今天先透過紐約時報的報導探討傳統資訊戰的定義。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
《2015 紐約時報》報導:
As China president Xi Jinping begins a trip to the United States that could include the first arms control accord for cyberspace between the United States and China, a new RAND report that rates the cyber warfare capabilities of the world’s two largest economies shows how important such an agreement could be. The report, which rates the capabilities of both militaries over the course of two situations, a conflict over Taiwan and one over the Spratly Islands, dedicates an entire chapter to the respective cyber capabilities of both sides.
1. arms control(國與國一致進行的)軍備控制
2. accord (n.) (國家之間的)協議;條約
3. cyberspace 網際空間
4. rate (v.) 評估
5. cyber warfare 網路戰
6. a conflict over ⋯⋯的衝突
7. dedicate 奉獻,獻出(全部精力、時間等)*
8. respective 各自的;分別的
中國國家主席習近平正在對美國進行國事訪問,此行有可能會簽訂中美網路空間的首個軍備控制協議。蘭德公司也在此際發佈報告,對全球兩大經濟體的網路戰能力進行評估,顯示了這樣一個協議有多麼重要。該報告評估了兩軍在兩種局勢下的戰力,一是臺海衝突,二是南沙群島爭端。報告用了整整一章來分析美中各自的網路戰能力。
*dedicate: https://bit.ly/2VNp0NL
★★★★★★★★★★★★
As it maps out the potential conflicts, and in turn the potential ways each country could attack the other’s network, it becomes apparent why a first agreement between President Obama and Mr. Xi might focus on the rules of the road for attacks on core infrastructure instead of on better publicized Chinese attacks aimed at gaining advantages and intellectual property for companies.
In particular, it argues unclassified networks for key infrastructure are more vulnerable than those of the military, and that broad attacks have a huge potential to cause unanticipated escalations. Even so, it says that the United States would probably do better than might be expected given the high-profile media coverage of Chinese cyberattacks.
9. map sth out 詳細安排;籌劃
10. potential conflict 潛在的衝突
11. the rules of the road 使用規則
12. gain advantage 取得優勢
13. intellectual property 智慧財產權
14. have a huge potential 有著巨大的可能性
15. unanticipated escalation 意料之外的逐步升級
16. high-profile 高調;備受關注的
17. cyberattack(由駭客發起的)網路攻擊
報告對潛在的衝突進行了描述,進而又對雙方可能採取哪些方式來攻擊彼此的網路進行了分析,從中可以看到為什麼歐巴馬和習近平簽訂的第一個協議可能會側重在攻擊核心基礎設施的規則上,而不是更為人知的中國為獲得商業優勢和智慧財產權進行的網路攻擊。這份報告特別指出,關鍵基礎設施使用的非機密網路較軍方網路脆弱,而且那樣的廣泛攻擊很有可能導致雙方沒有預計到的衝突升級。即便如此,報告說,鑒於中國的網路攻擊得到了大篇幅的報道,美國在網路戰中的表現可能比人們預期的出色。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
The Chinese military “has been heavily involved in large-scale cyber espionage since the mid-2000s, which has made it the subject of much media attention.
Because the most common targets of these attacks have been lightly defended corporate and unclassified government systems, this activity may have created an exaggerated sense of the capabilities that China might bring to bear in an operational military context,” it concludes. Citing a 2013 document distributed throughout China’s People’s Liberation Army called “The Science of Military Strategy,” the report adds that the Chinese army recognizes the major advantages to being aggressive in cyberwar.
18. cyber espionage 網路間諜活動
19. media attention 媒體關注
20. bring to bear 運用
21. cite 引用
22. throughout (prep.) 遍及
23. China’s People’s Liberation Army 中國人民解放軍
中國軍方「自2000年代中期起,一直在積极參與大規模網路間諜活動,因此成為備受媒體關注的話題。由於這些攻擊最常見的目標是防禦措施較少的企業以及非機密的政府系統,因此對於中國在網路戰方面的能力,可能存在一種誇大,」該報告認為。該報告援引發表於2013年、在中國人民解放軍全軍分發的《戰略學》,稱中國軍方認識到在網路戰中採取攻勢的好處。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
One danger of that, and also more broadly of employing cyberattacks in a situation of escalating conflict, is that of unintentional escalation. Using several hypothetical situations, the report shows how a cyberattack could deepen a conflict. For example, it points out that if China were to make a move for Taiwan, a cyberattack aimed at hurting the potential for the United States to intercede, could contradictorily force the U.S. to come into the conflict. Likewise it argues that in the case of some kind of regional conflict, United States attacks on Chinese infrastructure that in peace-time would be deemed mainly of civilian importance could take on deeper military implications.
24. escalating conflict 逐步升級的衝突
25. unintentional 無意的;非故意的
26. hypothetical 假設的;假定的
27. deepen a conflict 深化衝突
28. point out 指出
29. aim at 瞄準;對準
30. make a move 採取行動
31. intercede 介入;調停
32. contradictorily force 反而迫使
33. regional conflict 區域衝突
34. peace-time 和平時期
35. be deemed 被認為;被視作
36. take on 呈現;開始具有(某種特徵)
37. implication 暗示;牽連
這種思維,以及在不斷升級的衝突中廣泛採用網路攻擊的策略的危險之處在於,它會在無意之中導致衝突升級。該報告假設了幾種情況,來說明網路攻擊將如何令衝突升級。假設中國在臺海採取行動,如果它為了預防美國調停而發起網路攻擊,可能反而會迫使美國參與衝突。同樣,報告認為,在發生區域衝突的情況下,美國對通常主要作為民用的中國基礎設施開展網路攻擊,可能就會產生更深層次的軍事影響。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
Even so, there are plenty of reasons that China and the U.S. would be unlikely to carry out a major attack aimed broadly at civilian populations. In particular, the report points out that close economic relations could mean an unintentional business fallout at home while the interconnectedness of the Internet makes the effects of broad attacks unpredictable (for example, Chinese data stored abroad could be inadvertently disrupted). Also likely to be on the front of Beijing’s mind, the report argues, are a few larger concerns. In particular, during wartime issues surrounding control of potentially destabilizing information within China and tracking of dissident activity are also likely to “loom large.”
38. carry out 執行
39. fallout 不良影響;惡果
40. at home 在國內
41. interconnectedness 緊密關係
42. inadvertently 無意地;非故意地
43. on the front of sb’s mind 在……的腦海中
44. wartime 戰時
45. destabilize 使不穩定;暗中顛覆(反對政權)
46. dissident (n.) 異見者;意見不同者;持不同政見者
47. loom large 顯得突出;變得嚴重
即便如此,仍有充足的理由認為美中不太可能針對平民開展大規模攻擊。特別是美中經濟關係密切,而網際網路具有很強的相互關聯性,廣泛襲擊的影響是不可預知的,因此這種攻擊可能會造成無法預計的商業後果(例如,中國儲存在國外的數據可能會在無意中遭到破壞)。報告認為,北京可能有幾個更加重視的關注點。特別是,在國內控制那些可能導致社會不穩定的訊息,以及追蹤異見者的活動,有可能在戰爭時期「特別重要」。
《紐約時報》完整報導:https://nyti.ms/2RS4b2P
圖片出處:https://bit.ly/2RUKKqa
資訊戰爭講義 (Information Warfare): https://bit.ly/2xcimbQ
★★★★★★★★★★★★
時事英文講義:https://bit.ly/2XmRYXc
時事英文大全:http://bit.ly/2WtAqop
如何使用「時事英文」:https://bit.ly/3a9rr38
#美中網路戰英文
accord case 在 Mark mak Facebook 的精選貼文
今日我們向衛生署遞交市民的意願!
我們上星期四 (13/2)發起聯署,要求署方讓主人在隔離期間,自行選擇如何安置其伴侶動物,現時聯署人數已達到18,221人,促請署方重新考慮動物隔離政策!
***************************************
香港衛生署署長 陳漢儀醫生:
促請衛生署重新考慮動物隔離政策
CODV-19肆虐香港,被隔離的人數與日俱增。根據署方的現時規定 ,如確診患者或與其密切接觸者的處所中有貓狗等哺乳類動物,有關動物將送往港珠澳大橋口岸動物居留所,但在所有有關的官方網頁中,都未有顯示該中心資料,即是Google search也完全找不到該中心任何資料。整個操作缺乏透明度,動物主人對此政策表示極度擔憂。
世界衛生組織、國家衛生健康委員會專家組成員及國際獸醫組織 WSAVA曾表示,現時並沒有任何證據顯示,貓狗等伴侶動物有感染CODV-19的情況出現,而多位獸醫專家亦指出,新型冠狀病毒屬於beta類,以宿主特異性來說,貓和狗都沒有被beta類冠狀病毒感染的案例。因此,儘管與病患同住,該動物亦沒有對公眾健康構成風險,強行把沒有感染機會的動物送往漁護處隔離,實沒有必要。 而且,與主人分離的過程會令動物受不必要的驚嚇,這絕對有違動物福利。
雖然疫情下人心惶惶,但我們必須回歸理性 --- 貓狗等伴侶動物並沒有對公眾健康構成風險。我們上星期四 (13/2)發起聯署,要求署方讓主人在隔離期間,自行選擇如何安置其伴侶動物,現時聯署人數已達到18,221人,促請署方重新考慮動物隔離政策。
Urge Department of Health to Reconsider Animal Quarantine Policy
While Hong Kong is being plagued by CODV-19, the number of people being quarantined is continually rising. According to the current regulations of the Department, all mammals kept by any person of a confirmed case or by his/her close contacts will be detained in an animal pound located at the HZMB Hong Kong Port. However, information about such facility is neither found on the Department’s website nor from public Google search. The total opacity of the operation extremely worried owners of home animals.
The WHO, members of the National Health Commission, and WSAVA (the Global Veterinary Community) all indicated there is no evidence that companion animals like cats and dogs are being contracted CODV-19. Many veterinarian experts also pointed out that the novel coronavirus belongs to the beta category; and there has been no known cases of dogs or cats contracting beta viruses. Therefore, despite cohabiting with human, these animals do not pose any public health risk. Separating these animals for quarantine is crossly unnecessary. The animals will suffer from anxiety during the process and the separation which is against the principles of animal welfare.
We need to combat public panic with rationality – Companion animals like dogs and cats do not pose public health risks. We launched a petition last Thursday (13 February) appealing to the Department to allow persons being quarantined to arrange, with their own accord, suitable accommodation for their companion animals during the person’s quarantine. To date, 18,221 people have supported the petition, urging the Department to reconsider the animal quarantine policy.
十八區動物保護專員
非牟利獸醫服務協會
香港野豬關注組
豚聚一家
香港摺耳貓病友會
尊善會
救救港豬
Fur Free HK
PETA亞洲善待動物組織
立法會議員毛孟靜
立法會議員鄺俊宇
立法會議員譚文豪
立法會議員陳志全
立法會議員鄭松泰
區議員楊雪盈
眾聯署人
日期:二零二零年二月十八日
accord case 在 Imagine Scent Youtube 的精選貼文
BLACK NO.1- HOUSE OF MATRIARCH (FRAGRANCE REVIEW)
Hey guys, today I have a special guest on my channel who would be helping me review this very amazingly complex fragrance, Black No.1 by the House of Matriarch. I hope you guys enjoy this collaboration and thanks for watching :)
MrOz Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCWzfV3kzS2YLkgj2hLrjKpw
Black No.1: https://www.matriarch.biz/products/black-no-1?variant=8025849157
---WRITTEN REVIEW---
Now for my thoughts of Black No.1. Where to start? This is by far one of the most complex fragrance that I’ve personally ever smelled. It’s sexy, there’s a lot going on, and it’s pure quality.
The black leather vibe that I get from this makes me feel very mysterious and dark but in the most inviting way possible. If you smelled this before, you know what I mean. It’s like a well of mystery that once you smell it instantly sparks your curiosity to explore it more. And that is what gives it the dark sexy edge.
Alongside the Black Leather, you’re going to get an array of little nuances. Ranging from salty sea notes, fresh green pine, and dark woods, just to name few. They all serve to dress up the Black leather accord. But the most astonishing thing with this fragrance is, with such a wide range of notes, 300 notes to be exact, it doesn’t smell like a mess, in fact all the notes work so harmoniously together that the fragrance, besides being sexy, also smells incredibly beautiful.
One thing to note is, this is more of an artistic fragrance than your typical designers so some people might not enjoy it as much so definitely test before you buy.
On to versatility, I’m going to keep this simple, it’s a one of the most versatile artistic fragrance that I own. I wear it as a signature scent. Anytime, anywhere. The only time that this might not is in the clubs or in the summer heat. It not loud enough for the clubs, and it’s just a bit too thick for the hotter days. Other than that, you’re golden.
Performance, like I mentioned it’s not a loud fragrance. It’s definitely more personal but it does last a good amount of time. 6-7 hours on my skin with a 1-2 hours of modest projection before becoming a head scent. Not the best performer but for a fragrance that’s supposed to smell dark and mysterious, it fits the theme.
Price point, MrOz already touched on that but, to me, is it worth it? Absolutely, BUT! It’s not a fragrance that’s a must have for the majority of you out. Being realistic, this gears more towards the fragrance connoisseur. The collectors, the people whom passion lies with discovering the best fragrances or the most unique fragrances. But for the average user who are looking to get compliments from fragrances or the people who wears fragrances just to smell nice, this might be too heavy of a price to pay considering you don’t really care for the art of fragrances and the work that goes into making a complex blend like this one. So I completely understand. But in any case, I still recommend you try out this fragrance and see for yourself. I own a lot of artistic fragrances and it definitely gave my nose a nice surprise.
MUSIC
https://www.epidemicsound.com/
WHERE I GET MOST OF MY SAMPLES
http://www.luckyscent.com/
https://www.scentsplit.com
MY TOP 10 DESIGNERS RIGHT NOW
1. http://amzn.to/2k59ME9
2. http://amzn.to/2kVuzsW
3. http://amzn.to/2lqfTPw
4. http://amzn.to/2lmqHlI
5. http://amzn.to/2kQv6fX
6. http://amzn.to/2kQtkf0
7. http://amzn.to/2kVuRjj
8. http://amzn.to/2lmE9FY
9. http://amzn.to/2kK9MX1
10. http://amzn.to/2kVlobV
SUBSCRIBE FOR MORE AWESOME REVIEWS
https://www.youtube.com/c/imaginescent
MY VIDEO SETUP
Camera- http://amzn.to/2kVevr3
Lens- http://amzn.to/2lmrSSe
Microphone- http://amzn.to/2ktZ8VQ
Lighting- http://amzn.to/2ku1KmP
Filmora Video Editing Software http://amzn.to/2k5eWja
CONNECT WITH ME ONLINE
https://www.facebook.com/imaginescent/
https://twitter.com/TimmyVangtan
https://www.instagram.com/timmy_imagine.scent/
https://www.snapchat.com/add/timorusaki
http://www.fragrantica.com/member/1013058/
Stay tune for more Top 10 Best Men Fragrances, Most Complimented Fragrances, Best Designer Fragrances, Best Niche Fragrances, Brand Reviews, and much much more.
![post-title](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/3tVEZcw0VSI/hqdefault.jpg?sqp=-oaymwEbCKgBEF5IVfKriqkDDggBFQAAiEIYAXABwAEG&rs=AOn4CLCCY8s8MiwmqpI5QZlzAWR7ukWQPw)