[關於反芻動物全身麻醉的風險,反芻動物中,全身麻醉的弊大於利。] 有興趣的朋友可以多了解一下喔! (中文翻譯的部分為Google翻譯的,能夠閱讀英文的朋友建議看原文會比較清楚喔)
還有很多很多相關的學術發表,就不貼那麼多出來啦!
Cooper結紮的日期是4月26日,他現在很健康很調皮。
(德叔真的超級超級愛看這些學術發表的文章,但是我還是相信醫生的專業。)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334673867_The_Use_of_Epidural_Anaesthesia_over_General_Anaesthesia_in_Ruminants
全身麻醉是現代醫學的重要組成部分。它是一種藥物誘導的可逆病症,包括特定的行為和生理特徵,包括無意識、健忘症、鎮痛和運動不能——伴隨自主神經、心血管、呼吸和體溫調節系統的穩定性。
[反芻動物全身麻醉具有內在風險,如瘤胃內容物反流、唾液分泌過多和肺部誤吸的可能性;因此並不總是推薦使用本地或區域技術。硬膜外麻醉是一種中樞神經阻滯技術,經常用於獸醫實踐中,用於治療家畜會陰、骶骨、腰椎和尾椎部位的不同產科和外科手術干擾。關於在反芻動物和其他物種的各種外科和實驗室程序中使用硬膜外麻醉的科學研究已經有幾項。總之,全身麻醉的弊大於利,特別是在反芻動物中。因此,硬膜外麻醉是首選。
General anaesthesia is an essential component of modern medicine. It is a drug induced reversible condition that includes specific behavioral and physiological traits unconsciousness, amnesia, analgesia, and akinesia- with concomitant stability of the autonomic, cardiovascular, respiratory, and thermoregulatory systems.
[General anesthesia in ruminants has inherent risks such as regurgitation of ruminal contents, excessive salivation and the possibility of pulmonary aspiration; therefore it is not always recommended and local or regional techniques may be used instead. Epidural anaesthesia is a central neuraxial block technique which is used regularly in veterinary practice for treatment of different obstetrical and surgical interferences in the perineal, sacral, lumbar, and caudal parts of the thoracic region of domestic animals. There have been several scientific researches on the use of epidural anesthesia in ruminants and other species for various surgical and laboratory procedures. In conclusion, the disadvantages of general anaesthesia outweigh the advantages especially in ruminant specie. Therefore, epidural anaesthesia is the most preferred.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781118886700.ch1
瘤胃鼓脹、腹脹、反流和吸入性肺炎是與家畜全身麻醉相關的常見問題,應通過適當的預防措施和必要的麻醉前考慮來預見和解決。家畜在麻醉期間可能會出現胃內容物反流和誤吸,尤其是未禁食的動物。反芻動物在麻醉期間通常會大量分泌唾液。惡性高熱的觸發因素包括壓力(例如興奮、運輸或麻醉前處理)、鹵化吸入麻醉劑(例如氟烷、異氟烷、七氟烷和地氟烷)和去極化神經肌肉阻滯藥物(例如琥珀膽鹼)。同樣,氟烷似乎是豬惡性高熱的最有效和最常見的觸發因素。麻醉前禁食可能不能完全防止反流,但會減少瘤胃內容物中的固體物質數量。獸醫應將這些知識與適當的麻醉前準備和適當的圍手術期管理相結合,以確保這些動物的麻醉成功。
Ruminal tympany, bloat, regurgitation, and aspiration pneumonia are common problems associated with general anesthesia in farm animal species that should be anticipated and addressed with proper precautions and the necessary preanesthetic considerations. Regurgitation and aspiration of stomach content can occur in farm animal species during anesthesia, especially in nonfasted animals. Ruminants normally salivate profusely during anesthesia. The triggering agents of malignant hyperthermia include stress (e.g., excitement, transportation, or preanesthetic handling), halogenated inhalation anesthetics (e.g., halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane), and depolarizing neuro-muscular blocking drugs (e.g., succinylcholine). Similarly, halothane appears to be the most potent and most frequently reported trigger of malignant hyperthermia in pigs. Preanesthetic fasting may not completely prevent regurgitation, but it will decrease the amount of solid matter in the rumen content. Veterinarians should incorporate the knowledge with proper preanesthetic preparations and appropriate perioperative management to ensure successful outcome of anesthesia in these animals.
同時也有8部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過315萬的網紅Jordan Yeoh Fitness,也在其Youtube影片中提到,All level fat burning bodyweight workout. Beginners, please follow the alternative version. Intermediate level, try to keep up with my pace! Hardcore ...
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appropriate proper 在 CheckCheckCin Facebook 的最佳解答
【閉關坐月子】一講坐月就想到不能沖涼洗頭?
⭐古老坐月方法不合時宜
⭐現代坐月注重衛生與產婦休息
#星期二提升正能量
坐月常識Q&A - 生活篇
Q:坐月不能開冷氣嗎?
A:香港夏天炎熱又潮濕,產婦如果盲目跟從傳統坐月方法,不吹冷氣以致大汗淋漓會引起衛生問題,室內宜溫度舒適及空氣流通,只要將冷氣溫度調至24至26度,風口不會直吹產婦及嬰兒便可。
Q:坐月為甚麼不能碰「生水」?
A:老一輩認為產婦接觸生水,寒氣會進入身體,容易造成身體畏寒、腰背痠痛等病症,現代人可以調校暖水使用,洗手後立即抹乾便可。
Q:可以趁坐月時減肥嗎?
A:生產後不宜立即減肥,因為身體需要時間復原,胡亂節食可能會出現寒凝血滯、惡露未能排淨、或引寒氣入內而致風寒感冒、甚至眩暈等不適症狀,建議產後至少六個月後才開始減肥,適量進食健脾補氣袪濕的食材調理,配合運動及飲食健康瘦身。
Q:坐月時外出要由頭包到腳嗎?
A:坐月不鼓勵產婦外出,是因為要爭取時間休息,如果無可避免要外出例如到健康院覆診,只要注意保暖,不要被風直吹便可,因為中醫理論認為「風乃百病之長」,如果氣血虛弱的產婦著涼,會出現「月內風」症狀如頭暈、風寒、手腳冰冷等,所以預計到室內地方有冷氣就多帶件連帽外套吧。
Q:如果流產了也需要坐月嗎?
A:無論是自然還是人工流產,小產婦也宜坐小月讓身體慢慢復原,坐小月的飲食調補及生活起居注意事項基本上與坐月相若,應以平補方式調理脾胃、活血祛瘀、排清惡露,隨後配合體質,滋陰養血、強腰補腎,亦可趁坐小月期間疏導情緒,收拾心情。
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Confinement Month Q&A – lifestyle edition
Q:Can we use the air-conditioner during confinement?
A: The Hong Kong summer is warm and humid. New moms, who abide by the traditional confinement practices blindly, tend to avoid using the air-conditioner. They inevitably sweat a lot, and this causes poor hygiene. To ensure the enclosed space is comfortable and has good air ventilation, adjust the temperature of the air-conditioner to 24-26 degree Celsius. It is also important to make sure the cool air does not blow directly at the moms and the babies.
Q:Why should moms avoid touching water that is not boiled during confinement?
A: The older generation believes that once moms come into contact with unboiled water during confinement, the cold air would invade the body easily, causing them to suffer from aversion to cold and backache. It is actually fine to clean the body with warm water but make sure we wipe it dry after that.
Q:Can we take this opportunity to lose weight?
A: It is best not to lose weight after giving birth because the body needs time to recuperate. Improper diets can cause stagnation of the blood due to coldness in the body and lochia discharge to retain in the body.
Not having proper diets can also lead to attack from cold air pathogens and in turn cause new moms to catch a flu and cold or experience dizziness. You should only start your weight loss regime about six months later after delivery.
Do consume an appropriate quantity of ingredients that can strengthen the spleen, nourish the qi, and eliminate dampness from the body. You should also exercise regularly to shed some pounds in a healthier manner.
Q:Should we cover ourselves up when we decide to go out during confinement?
A: Women who are still in confinement should stay home and rest as much as possible, but if there is a need to go out, they must keep themselves warm and avoid being exposed to wind and chill.
According to Chinese Medicine theories, wind pathogen is the catalyst of many illnesses. Since moms during confinement are already have weak qi and blood, they may experience the symptoms of ‘yue nei feng’ in Mandarin (literally means ‘wind during confinement’) such as dizziness, common cold, and cold limbs. So put on a sweater or bring along an extra hoodie if the place you are travelling to is air-conditioned.
Q:Do we have to go through confinement after an abortion or miscarriage?
A: Be it abortion or miscarriage, going through confinement is necessary to help the body recuperate. Just like new moms after childbirth, it is important to eat and stay healthy.
Nourish the body to improve the functions of the spleen and stomach, invigorate the blood and clear blood stasis, and clear the lochia discharge from the body. Take this opportunity to replenish the yin and nourish the blood, strengthen lower back and nourish the kidneys, and above all, soothe your emotions accordingly.
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#女 #孕婦
appropriate proper 在 CheckCheckCin Facebook 的最佳貼文
【選對食用油】身體運作需要適量油脂
⭐要懂得分辨好油壞油
⭐按烹調方式選擇用哪種油
#星期四食材
認識健康油脂食物
有些女生為了減肥,視油脂為大敵,自煮時不添加油份,外出進食亦「走油」,以為這種飲食方法很健康,但久久未能成孕,最後發現原來因為飲食中缺少了油脂!膽固醇是合成多種荷爾蒙的重要原料,如果油脂攝取不足容易影響荷爾蒙分泌,造成不孕,所以不應盲目「走油」,宜認識哪些為健康油脂適量攝取,哪些壞油應該避免食用,市面上見到的油脂各有優缺點,最好是在家中常備2至3種油脂,每星期輪流使用或按烹調方式選擇。
飽和脂肪酸:室溫時呈白色固體狀態,常見於豬油、牛油、動物性脂肪、芝士、忌廉、椰子油、棕櫚油等。
優點:化學性質穩定,不易氧化變質。
缺點:過量進食較容易患上血管硬化、中風、心臟病等疾病風險。
適合用法:高溫且長時間烹煮的菜式
單元不飽和脂肪:室溫時呈液體狀態,常見於橄欖油、苦茶油、花生油、堅果、牛油果。
優點:含有Omega-9,有助提高好膽固醇及降低壞膽固醇。
缺點:化學性質不穩定,容易受高溫影響產生氧化。
適合用法:涼拌、低溫快炒
多元不飽和脂肪:室溫時呈液體狀態,常見於粟米油、芝麻油、葵花油、亞麻籽油、菜籽油、大豆油、核桃油、三文魚、沙甸魚等。
優點:含有人體無法自製的Omega-3及Omega-6,同時提高好膽固醇及降低壞膽固醇。
缺點:化學性質不穩定,容易受高溫影響產生氧化。
適合用法:一般煎炒菜式
反式脂肪:植物油經過氫化程序會轉化成反式脂肪,常見於人造牛油、起酥油(Shortening)。
優點:沒有
缺點:令血液中的壞膽固醇上升,同時降低好膽固醇,過量進食有增加患上血管硬化、中風、心臟病等疾病風險。
常見含反式脂肪食物:蛋撻、曲奇餅、酥皮食物、蛋糕、餅乾、椰絲奶油包、炸薯條、炸雞、菠蘿油、油炸鬼、奶精
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Get to know healthy high-fat foods
Some women view fats as their archnemesis when they wish to shed some pounds. They would either avoid using oil in their cooking or request restaurants to remove additional fats when ordering take-outs. They thought this is a healthy dietary practice, but the lack of fats in the body is one of the main reasons they cannot get pregnant!
In fact, cholesterol is the precursor of many hormones. The lack of fats in the body would affect the secretion of hormones, leading to infertility. We should learn more about healthy fats, consume them in an appropriate quantity, and avoid fats that are bad for us. There are many types of fats and oils in the market, and each of them has their own pros and cons. It is best to prepare 2 to 3 different types of oils and use them interchangeably in cooking from time to time.
Saturated fatty acids: in white solid state at room temperature; can be found in lard, butter, animal fats, cheese, cream, coconut oil, and palm oil
Pros: chemically stable, not easily oxidized
Cons: excessive consumption can cause the hardening of the arteries (vascular sclerosis), stroke, and heart diseases
Proper way of use: dishes to be cooked at high temperature and for a long period
Monounsaturated fatty acids: liquid at room temperature; often seen in olive oil, camellia seed oil, peanut oil, nuts, and avocado
Pros: contains Omega-9; can help increase the good cholesterols and reduce the bad cholesterol
Cons: chemically unstable, oxidized easily when exposed to high temperature
Proper way of use: cold dishes, and can be used for frying at low temperature
Polyunsaturated fatty acids: liquid at room temperature, commonly found in corn oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, walnut oil, salmon, and sardine
Pros: contains Omega-3 and Omega-6, which humans could not produce; can help increase the good cholesterols and reduce the bad cholesterol
Cons: chemically unstable, oxidized easily when exposed to high temperature
Proper way of use: normal pan-fried dishes
Trans-fatty acids: vegetable oils that have gone through hydrogenation; often seen in margarine and shortening
Pros: none
Cons: increase the bad cholesterol and reduce the good cholesterol in the blood; excessive consumption can cause the hardening of the arteries (vascular sclerosis), stroke, and heart diseases
Common foods that contain trans-fatty acids: Egg tart, cookies, puff pastries, cakes, biscuits, coconut cream bun, fried chicken, pineapple bun, Chinese fried dough and creamer
Comment below or like 👍🏻 this post to support us. ❤️ Follow us for more healthy living tips.
#男 #女
appropriate proper 在 Jordan Yeoh Fitness Youtube 的最佳貼文
All level fat burning bodyweight workout. Beginners, please follow the alternative version. Intermediate level, try to keep up with my pace! Hardcore people, take no rest in between each round! As always, your form is the most important of all, slow down and do it with the proper form if you are running out of gas! Download my training App here: https://bit.ly/trainwithjordanapp
Estimated calories burned in this session: 250-450+ kcal
(your fitness tracker might show different results)
▷Connect with Me
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/jordanyeohfitness
Facebook: http://facebook.com/jordanyeohfitness
Training & Coaching App: https://bit.ly/trainwithjordanapp
Music by Revealed Recordings
0:00 Warm Up
3:13 Round 1
6:25 Round 2
9:37 Round 3
13:00 Round 4
16:27 Final Round
DISCLAIMER
The exercises and workouts provided in this video are for educational purposes only and are not to be interpreted as a recommendation for a specific treatment plan, product, or course of action.
Before beginning this or any exercise program, please consult a physician for appropriate exercise prescription and safety precautions.
The exercise instruction and advice presented are in no way intended as a substitute for medical consultation. As with any exercise program,
if at any point during your workout you begin to feel faint, dizzy or have physical discomfort,
you should stop immediately and consult a physician.
#fitness #workout #weightloss
appropriate proper 在 Jordan Yeoh Fitness Youtube 的精選貼文
Weightloss, Strengthening, Get Abs, Get Fitter, and Feel Better! 35 minutes of progressive fat burning workout and 5 minutes of stretching to cool down. Added instructions as a reminder for you to train with proper form! Download my training App here: https://bit.ly/trainwithjordanapp
Beginner friendly workout here: http://bit.ly/basicfatburning
Estimated calories burned in this session: 400+ kcal
(your fitness tracker might show different results)
▷Connect with Me
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/jordanyeohfitness
Facebook: http://facebook.com/jordanyeohfitness
Training & Coaching App: https://bit.ly/trainwithjordanapp
Music by Revealed Recordings
0:00 Introduction
0:29 Round 1
8:47 Round 2
16:21 Round 3
26:05 Bonus Round!
35:05 Stretching
DISCLAIMER
The exercises and workouts provided in this video are for educational purposes only and are not to be interpreted as a recommendation for a specific treatment plan, product, or course of action.
Before beginning this or any exercise program, please consult a physician for appropriate exercise prescription and safety precautions.
The exercise instruction and advice presented are in no way intended as a substitute for medical consultation. As with any exercise program,
if at any point during your workout you begin to feel faint, dizzy or have physical discomfort,
you should stop immediately and consult a physician.
#fitness #workout #weightloss
appropriate proper 在 ふたりごはん【料理家ぐっち夫婦の料理チャンネル】 Youtube 的最讚貼文
ご覧いただきありがとうございます!
今日は「トマト麻婆豆腐」をご紹介します!
連載本がすき。「使い切りキッチン」の5月のテーマ食材はトマト!
夏になるにつれてトマトが美味しい時期がやってきますので!
美味しいからぜひ作ってみて欲しいです^^
【材料】
調理時間:20分
材料:2人前
難易度:★★☆
トマト…3個
絹ごし豆腐…350g
豚ひき肉…200g
長ネギ…1/2本
にんにく…一片
しょうが…ひとかけ
ごま油…大さじ1
豆板醤…大さじ1
甜面醤…大さじ1
鶏ガラスープの素…小さじ1
Aしょうゆ…小さじ2
A砂糖…ふたつまみ
水溶き片栗粉…適量(片栗粉大さじ1/2、水大さじ2)
ラー油、花椒…お好みで適量
【作り方】
1, トマトはくし形切りにする。にんにく、しょうが、長ネギはみじん切りにする。豆腐は3cm幅に切る。(時間があれば、別茹でし水気を切る)豆腐の水切り、レンジでもOKですか?
2, フライパンにごま油、にんにく、しょうがを入れてから火にかけ?弱火で炒める。香りが立ってきたら、豆板醤と長ネギを加えて炒め、油をなじませ、別の器にうつす。
3, フライパンにごま油を少量(分量外?)しき、豚ひき肉を入れて炒め、甜面醤を合わせる。
4, 水200ml、鶏ガラスープの素を入れて煮立たせ、トマトを加える。
5, 再び煮立ったら豆腐を加え、2~3分煮る。
6, 【A】を合わせ、水溶き片栗粉を加えてとろみをつける。お好みでラー油、花椒をふる。
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【Ingredients】
Cooking time: 20 minutes
Ingredients: 2 servings
Level: ★★☆
Tomatoes ... 3
Silken tofu ... 350g
Ground pork ... 200g
Long green onion ... 1/2
Garlic ... a piece
Ginger ...
Sesame oil ... 1 tbsp
Peanut sauce ... 1 tbsp
Pork soy sauce ... 1 tbsp.
Chicken glass soup base ... 1 teaspoon
A soy sauce ... 2 tsp
A sugar ... two knobs
Water-soluble potato starch ... proper amount (1/2 tablespoon of starch starch, 2 tablespoons of water)
Chili oil, peppercorns ... appropriate amount
[How to make]
1, Cut tomatoes into a comb. Chop garlic, ginger and leek. Cut tofu into 3cm widths. (If you have time, you can boil it separately and drain it.) Is it okay to drain the tofu or cook it in the microwave?
2, put sesame oil, garlic and ginger in a frying pan and put it on fire? Stir on low heat. When the scent begins to stand, add pea soy sauce and leek, stir-fry, let the oil blend in, and transfer to another container.
3, Add a small amount of sesame oil to the frying pan (outside the amount?), Add minced pork, stir-fry, and mix with the soy sauce.
4, Add 200 ml of water and chicken glass soup, bring to a boil and add tomatoes.
5, Once it has boiled again, add tofu and simmer for 2-3 minutes.
Combine [6] [A], add water-soluble starch starch and thicken. Sprinkle with chili oil and pepper as you like.
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簡単に作れて美味しいくて人気レシピを紹介しています!
料理動画で作り方を確認できるので、初心者の方でも
安心して美味しい料理を作ることができますよ〜!
朝ごはん/昼ごはん/晩ごはんお好きな時に作ってみてくださいね!
作り置きにしてお弁当の具材にしてもいいですね!
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appropriate proper 在 "Proper" vs "Appropriate" vs "Suitable" - English Language ... 的推薦與評價
"Proper" vs "Appropriate" vs "Suitable" ... As Cambridge Dictionary says, "proper" means: "real, satisfactory, suitable, or correct". Also, it is ... ... <看更多>
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appropriate proper 在 [ 연습가이드 #37 - PART 1 ] - 맞게, 알맞은, 적합한, 잘못된, 제대로 的推薦與評價
[ 연습가이드 #37 - PART 1 ] - appropriate / proper / correct / right - 맞게, 알맞은, 적합한, 잘못된, 제대로. 143,861 views143K views. ... <看更多>
appropriate proper 在 [字辨]請問appropriate,proper,suitable,moderat - 批踢踢實業坊 的推薦與評價
本版首PO~ <(_ _)>
魯妹不才 以下問題想請教板上各位前輩~
想請問以下各種中文翻譯為"適當、適合"之類意思的這些單字
該如何區別它們意思的差異呢?? 又該在什麼時機使用??
1. appropriate
2. proper
3. moderate
4. suitable
5. fitting
懇請各位為本魯妹解惑!! 萬分感謝! > <
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