“The point is that the discriminatory line almost inevitably hurts women.”
—— Ruth Bader Ginsburg, former associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
當世界充滿歧視與失衡,社會公理總是無可避免地傷害女性的地位。
—— 金斯伯格(前美國最高法院大法官)
(塔利班重掌對阿富汗的控制權後,當地女性地位可能再次受到打壓,首都喀布爾(Kabul)有工人將女性代言的廣告抹去;公共交通司機亦不敢接載女性。 圖片來源:Kyodo News via Getty Images)
==========================
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同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過2萬的網紅林昶佐 Freddy Lim,也在其Youtube影片中提到,Metalhead Politics 第三集濃縮精華版影片上線啦!第三集錄製現場精彩公開 This is METALHEAD POLITICS, a podcast about music, politics, and Taiwan - hosted by Freddy Lim of Chthon...
「associate justice」的推薦目錄:
associate justice 在 走近動物園 Approaching the zoo Facebook 的精選貼文
簡單敘述一下此案件:
Happy是一隻從1977年開始生活在紐約Bronx Zoo的亞洲象,她於2005年成為第一頭通過「鏡中測試(一個自我認知能力的測試,基於動物是否有能力辨別自己在鏡子中的影像而完成)」的大象。
從2018年開始,動物權利律師事務所的律師不斷代表Happy提出訴訟,主要的內容是向紐約最高法院申請 #人身保護令( 是在普通法系下由法官受理申請所簽發的手令,命令將被拘押之人交送至法庭審查,以決定該人的拘押是否合法,為法律程序保障基本人權及個人自由的重要手段),同時引用了上訴法院助理大法官(Court of Appeals Associate Justice)就黑猩猩的權利於2018年達成的一致意見,也就是在瞬息萬變的紐約法律、公共政策發展中,許多非人動物已經開始被「#視同為人」。
他們認為Happy不應該因為身為大象就被迫接受動物園的非法關押,提出應該將她移出動物園送往elephant sanctuary。
目前,作為紐約州最高法院的紐約上訴法院已同意在周二審理重大動物權利案。
-----------------------------------------
從Bronx Zoo對Happy的飼養方式、她的成長歷史、elephant sanctuary這類機構本身的爭議到通過鏡子測試與享有人權間的關聯、在這次事件中Happy本象究竟處於何種角色……,這個案件涵蓋太多太多需要討論的議題。
但無論此案後續如何發展,都將劇烈的牽動整個圈養動物體系,值得包含寵物業者、動物研究者、畜牧業者在內的所有相關行業關注。
associate justice 在 Roger Chung 鍾一諾 Facebook 的最佳解答
今早為Asian Medical Students Association Hong Kong (AMSAHK)的新一屆執行委員會就職典禮作致詞分享嘉賓,題目為「疫情中的健康不公平」。
感謝他們的熱情款待以及為整段致詞拍了影片。以下我附上致詞的英文原稿:
It's been my honor to be invited to give the closing remarks for the Inauguration Ceremony for the incoming executive committee of the Asian Medical Students' Association Hong Kong (AMSAHK) this morning. A video has been taken for the remarks I made regarding health inequalities during the COVID-19 pandemic (big thanks to the student who withstood the soreness of her arm for holding the camera up for 15 minutes straight), and here's the transcript of the main body of the speech that goes with this video:
//The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, continues to be rampant around the world since early 2020, resulting in more than 55 million cases and 1.3 million deaths worldwide as of today. (So no! It’s not a hoax for those conspiracy theorists out there!) A higher rate of incidence and deaths, as well as worse health-related quality of life have been widely observed in the socially disadvantaged groups, including people of lower socioeconomic position, older persons, migrants, ethnic minority and communities of color, etc. While epidemiologists and scientists around the world are dedicated in gathering scientific evidence on the specific causes and determinants of the health inequalities observed in different countries and regions, we can apply the Social Determinants of Health Conceptual Framework developed by the World Health Organization team led by the eminent Prof Sir Michael Marmot, world’s leading social epidemiologist, to understand and delineate these social determinants of health inequalities related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
According to this framework, social determinants of health can be largely categorized into two types – 1) the lower stream, intermediary determinants, and 2) the upper stream, structural and macro-environmental determinants. For the COVID-19 pandemic, we realized that the lower stream factors may include material circumstances, such as people’s living and working conditions. For instance, the nature of the occupations of these people of lower socioeconomic position tends to require them to travel outside to work, i.e., they cannot work from home, which is a luxury for people who can afford to do it. This lack of choice in the location of occupation may expose them to greater risk of infection through more transportation and interactions with strangers. We have also seen infection clusters among crowded places like elderly homes, public housing estates, and boarding houses for foreign domestic helpers. Moreover, these socially disadvantaged people tend to have lower financial and social capital – it can be observed that they were more likely to be deprived of personal protective equipment like face masks and hand sanitizers, especially during the earlier days of the pandemic. On the other hand, the upper stream, structural determinants of health may include policies related to public health, education, macroeconomics, social protection and welfare, as well as our governance… and last, but not least, our culture and values. If the socioeconomic and political contexts are not favorable to the socially disadvantaged, their health and well-being will be disproportionately affected by the pandemic. Therefore, if we, as a society, espouse to address and reduce the problem of health inequalities, social determinants of health cannot be overlooked in devising and designing any public health-related strategies, measures and policies.
Although a higher rate of incidence and deaths have been widely observed in the socially disadvantaged groups, especially in countries with severe COVID-19 outbreaks, this phenomenon seems to be less discussed and less covered by media in Hong Kong, where the disease incidence is relatively low when compared with other countries around the world. Before the resurgence of local cases in early July, local spread of COVID-19 was sporadic and most cases were imported. In the earlier days of the pandemic, most cases were primarily imported by travelers and return-students studying overseas, leading to a minor surge between mid-March and mid-April of 874 new cases. Most of these cases during Spring were people who could afford to travel and study abroad, and thus tended to be more well-off. Therefore, some would say the expected social gradient in health impact did not seem to exist in Hong Kong, but may I remind you that, it is only the case when we focus on COVID-19-specific incidence and mortality alone. But can we really deduce from this that COVID-19-related health inequality does not exist in Hong Kong? According to the Social Determinants of Health Framework mentioned earlier, the obvious answer is “No, of course not.” And here’s why…
In addition to the direct disease burden, the COVID-19 outbreak and its associated containment measures (such as economic lockdown, mandatory social distancing, and change of work arrangements) could have unequal wider socioeconomic impacts on the general population, especially in regions with pervasive existing social inequalities. Given the limited resources and capacity of the socioeconomically disadvantaged to respond to emergency and adverse events, their general health and well-being are likely to be unduly and inordinately affected by the abrupt changes in their daily economic and social conditions, like job loss and insecurity, brought about by the COVID-19 outbreak and the corresponding containment and mitigation measures of which the main purpose was supposedly disease prevention and health protection at the first place. As such, focusing only on COVID-19 incidence or mortality as the outcomes of concern to address health inequalities may leave out important aspects of life that contributes significantly to people’s health. Recently, my research team and I collaborated with Sir Michael Marmot in a Hong Kong study, and found that the poor people in Hong Kong fared worse in every aspects of life than their richer counterparts in terms of economic activity, personal protective equipment, personal hygiene practice, as well as well-being and health after the COVID-19 outbreak. We also found that part of the observed health inequality can be attributed to the pandemic and its related containment measures via people’s concerns over their own and their families’ livelihood and economic activity. In other words, health inequalities were contributed by the pandemic even in a city where incidence is relatively low through other social determinants of health that directly concerned the livelihood and economic activity of the people. So in this study, we confirmed that focusing only on the incident and death cases as the outcomes of concern to address health inequalities is like a story half-told, and would severely truncate and distort the reality.
Truth be told, health inequality does not only appear after the pandemic outbreak of COVID-19, it is a pre-existing condition in countries and regions around the world, including Hong Kong. My research over the years have consistently shown that people in lower socioeconomic position tend to have worse physical and mental health status. Nevertheless, precisely because health inequality is nothing new, there are always voices in our society trying to dismiss the problem, arguing that it is only natural to have wealth inequality in any capitalistic society. However, in reckoning with health inequalities, we need to go beyond just figuring out the disparities or differences in health status between the poor and the rich, and we need to raise an ethically relevant question: are these inequalities, disparities and differences remediable? Can they be fixed? Can we do something about them? If they are remediable, and we can do something about them but we haven’t, then we’d say these inequalities are ultimately unjust and unfair. In other words, a society that prides itself in pursuing justice must, and I say must, strive to address and reduce these unfair health inequalities. Borrowing the words from famed sociologist Judith Butler, “the virus alone does not discriminate,” but “social and economic inequality will make sure that it does.” With COVID-19, we learn that it is not only the individuals who are sick, but our society. And it’s time we do something about it.
Thank you very much!//
Please join me in congratulating the incoming executive committee of AMSAHK and giving them the best wishes for their future endeavor!
Roger Chung, PhD
Assistant Professor, CUHK JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, @CUHK Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong 香港中文大學 - CUHK
Associate Director, CUHK Institute of Health Equity
associate justice 在 林昶佐 Freddy Lim Youtube 的最佳貼文
Metalhead Politics 第三集濃縮精華版影片上線啦!第三集錄製現場精彩公開
This is METALHEAD POLITICS, a podcast about music, politics, and Taiwan - hosted by Freddy Lim of Chthonic and Emily Y. Wu of Ghost Island Media.🎙
It’s been tough for Chthonic to get back on their world tours since frontman Freddy got elected to the Taiwanese parliament four years ago. But look, no one’s going anywhere now anyways #stayathome - so here we are. 🤘
This is a highlight reel for the third episode, “Transitional Justice / Taste the Black Tears”. Check out links below to hear the full episode in all its glory. Search for METALHEAD POLITICS in all your podcasting apps, or via the links below:
LISTEN TO THE FULL EPISODE
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EPISODE CREDIT | Producers: Cathy Hsu, Emily Y. Wu | Co-Producers: Carlos Yeh, Hsin Hsiao | Associate Producer: Hsi Yuan Chou | Music: Chthonic | Editing: Emily Y. Wu | Marketing: Middag Solutions, Ghost Island Media, Chthonic | Cover Art: Chthonic | Video: Nian-hua Wu | Additional Assistance: Yu-Chen Lai, Thomas Lee, C. Donovan Smith, Michael Turton | A co-production of Chthonic and Ghost Island Media | A Middag Solutions project | https://ghostisland.media/#mp
associate justice 在 Chief Justice Must Enforce A Code Of Ethics For Supreme Court 的推薦與評價
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