關於 civilian control ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

從1966年到1973年的美國空軍人員，越戰期間執行的秘密任務「404 計劃」(Project 404)，為「白星行動」，受中情局的指揮深入寮國，但寮國立場保持不涉入越戰，他們並未穿著軍服而是便服，可以推測身份是軍事顧問團

Project 404 was the code name for covert operations by the United States Air Force during American efforts in Laos. From 1966 to 1973. The US Air Force provided advisors. Because Laos declared it's neutrality to the war between the US and North Vietnam. US Airmen did not wear uniforms but instead civilian attire.

Project 404 was the successor to Operation White Star. The goal of 404 was to provide the Royal Lao Air Force the necessary support in battling the Pathet Lao Communists. Originally the USAF did have some prior experience in Laos with programs such as the "Butterflies" which allocated a total of four Air Force NCOs. All of them sergeants who were from Combat Control Teams. These first airmen wore civilian uniforms and flew shotgun in Air America aircraft. Often riding with Lao or Thai interpreters. These Airmen helped to coordinate airstrikes. The three known of these airmen were Major John J. Garrity Jr, Master Sergeant Charles Larimore Jones, and Tech Sergeant James J. Stanford.

The program was going pretty well until General William Momyer discovered that enlisted men were in charge of the strikes and not officers. This ended the program as Momyer wanted rated fighter pilots. Despite end of the Butterfly program. Palace Dog was formed in response with the CIA coming up with a plan. This involved using Laotian interpreters to ride in aircraft flown by Americans. Thus leading to the Ravens. Ravens which acted as Forward Air Controllers.

Ravens had to have at least 60 days of service in Vietnam along with a certain number of flight times as a pilot or FAC. These men were screened by the 56th SOW at Nakhon Phanom RTAFB then assigned to the US Embassy in Vientiane. There they were given false identification and civilian clothing for the duration of their tour. These Airmen instead of reporting to an officer. Reported into the American Ambassador. This caused a lot of friction between US Military Commanders like Momyer or Westmoreland. Often Ravens suffered repercussions as the Air Force viewed this as an offensive.

23 Ravens died in Laos along with an army attache by the name of Joseph Bush.

For more information I strongly recommend The Ravens Website. Or books such as "The Ravens: The Men Who Flew in America's Secret War in Laos."

【每日國際選讀】
#文末挑戰多益選擇題📝
美方批准對台軍售，中國揚言經濟制裁？
開啟「接收通知」和「搶先看」每天吸收雙語時事新知
來讀華爾街日報獨家


🔥China Threatens to Sanction Lockheed Martin Over Taiwan Arms Deal
中國揚言制裁洛克希德馬丁公司對台軍售

-sanction: 制裁
-arms: 武器

🧐China said it plans to sanction Lockheed Martin Corp. over its role in a $620 million U.S. arms package for Taiwan, Beijing’s latest retaliatory gesture amid growing pressure from Washington.

中國揚言制裁對台軍售美商洛克希德馬丁公司，此次軍售總額為6.2億美元。面對華府日益高漲的壓力，這是中方最新反制舉措。

-retaliatory: 報復的
-amid: 在…之中，意思同 in the middle of

💦Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian announced the move as a response to the Trump administration’s decision last week to approve an upgrade package for Taiwan’s Patriot surface-to-air missiles.
中國外交部發言人趙立堅說，此舉是為了回應川普政府上週批准售台愛國者三型飛彈延壽案。

-Foreign Ministry: 外交部
-spokesman, spokeswoman, spokesperson: 發言人


⚠ “China firmly opposes U.S. arms sales to Taiwan,” Mr. Zhao said at a news briefing Tuesday. “In order to safeguard national interests, China has decided to undertake necessary measures and impose sanctions on the main contractor for this sale, Lockheed Martin.”

「中國嚴正反對美國對台軍售，」趙立堅在週二的記者會表示。「為了捍衛國家利益，中國決定採取必要手段，對主要承包商洛克希德馬丁公司進行制裁。」

-news briefing 記者會、新聞發布會
-safeguard 捍衛
-undertake 採取

🌊The sanctions are expected to have limited impact since U.S. defense companies are broadly barred from making military sales to China, though Lockheed Martin has sold civilian helicopters to Chinese buyers through its Sikorsky Aircraft Corp. unit.

儘管洛克希德馬丁透過旗下塞考斯基飛機公司向中國買家售出民用直升機，不過此前美國軍火商被禁止對中國出售軍事武器，外界預估此次中方制裁影響有限。

-be barred from sth: 被禁止從事
-civilian: 民用的
-(business) unit: 事業單位


未完待續...
中方政治表態，美國老神在在？
加入文末每日國際選讀計畫，解鎖完整語音導讀版

——
原文連結請看留言
——
❓❓多益模擬題❓:
China considers Taiwan a part of its territory and has refused to ______ using force to gain control of the self-ruled island democracy. Beijing repeatedly has criticized U.S. arms sales to Taiwan as _____ to Chinese national sovereignty.
🙋🏻‍♀️🙋🏼‍♀️
A. eliminate/ amiable
B. exclude/ neutral
C. rule out/ harmful
-
【每日商業英文計畫，熱烈招生中！】
華爾街日報訂閱超值方案 📰
專屬 #臉書社團，浩爾 #每日語音導讀
「留言+1」，就送你 #優惠碼 及 #導讀試聽！

Fallen pilots swerved to avoid civilian casualties: probe
戰搜機事故兩飛官殉職 總統:他是我們的英雄

A memorial service was held Friday for two pilots killed in a helicopter crash during the Han Kuang exercises. President Tsai Ing-wen paid her respects at the service held outside a Hsinchu hospital. According to air traffic control records, the pilots had reported low rotor speed before their helicopter came down. Instead of landing the chopper immediately, they chose to keep flying to avoid civilian casualties. President Tsai honored the two soldiers as heroes who sacrificed themsevels for others.
漢光演習反登陸操演後，編號616的Oh-58D戰搜機，墜毀新竹空軍基地，也造成正駕駛簡任專、副駕駛高嘉隆，重傷殉職。總統在今天(17日)趕往醫院慰問家屬，除了承諾會妥善照顧家屬，更表示兩位飛官為了避免撞上民宅，犧牲自己，是大家的英雄。

#民視英語新聞 #helicopter #crash #HanKuang #pilot #TsaiIngwen #casualties #sacrifice

ซื้อเกมได้ที่ https://store.epicgames.com/legendauser/the-division-2
Tom Clancy's The Division 2 x Resident Evil

Tom Clancy's The Division 2 is an upcoming online action role-playing video game developed by Massive Entertainment and published by Ubisoft. The sequel to Tom Clancy's The Division, the game was released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on March 15, 2019.

Played from a third-person perspective, the game takes place in Washington D.C. seven months after its predecessor, in which a civil war between survivors and villainous bands of marauders breaks out. In the game, players can cooperate with each other to complete objectives. The game will also feature raids, which can be completed by up to eight players.

The events of Tom Clancy's The Division 2 take place in the summer of Washington D.C., 7 months after the events of the Dollar Flu, which took place in the winter in New York City. The virus has now spread to Washington D.C. During the initial phase of the crisis, important personnel such as POTUS, Secretary of Defense, Joint Chiefs of Staff and other important politicians were being evacuated. The chaos of the virus began with attacks on the Pentagon, The National Mall and other landmarks. Riots followed the day after and the security forces were hit, forcing them to evacuate the capital. The dense heatwave added to more problems. The supply lines were cutoff; after a few days survivors developed communities and many of them were armed, while the criminals have developed their own factions and raid these communities for supply and control. Factions like the True Sons, a group of paramilitary warlords bent on dominating their enemies and expanding their territory around Washington D.C. These militants are led by a former JTF officer Antwon Ridgeway who, along with those that follow him, are a force to be reckoned with. Because of this, Directive 51 has been activated in Washington D.C. and thus activates a unit of Division agents who launch a joint operation with the Civilian Militia in Washington D.C. in order to recapture the capital.

Washington D.C. has been recreated to be as authentic as possible complete with well-known landmarks and buildings. Despite possible controversy, Ubisoft has stated that the choice of location was not one of politics despite the fact the chosen location is the nation's capital. Combat will be similar to the original game, with a few new features which includes new skills and new weapons. Players who help the citizens in D.C. may find some willing to take up arms and join the battle (part of the Settlements feature).

ซื้อเกมได้ที่ https://store.epicgames.com/legendauser/the-division-2
Tom Clancy's The Division 2 Ending พากย์ไทย เนื้อเรื่อง

Tom Clancy's The Division 2 is an upcoming online action role-playing video game developed by Massive Entertainment and published by Ubisoft. The sequel to Tom Clancy's The Division, the game was released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on March 15, 2019.

Played from a third-person perspective, the game takes place in Washington D.C. seven months after its predecessor, in which a civil war between survivors and villainous bands of marauders breaks out. In the game, players can cooperate with each other to complete objectives. The game will also feature raids, which can be completed by up to eight players.

The events of Tom Clancy's The Division 2 take place in the summer of Washington D.C., 7 months after the events of the Dollar Flu, which took place in the winter in New York City. The virus has now spread to Washington D.C. During the initial phase of the crisis, important personnel such as POTUS, Secretary of Defense, Joint Chiefs of Staff and other important politicians were being evacuated. The chaos of the virus began with attacks on the Pentagon, The National Mall and other landmarks. Riots followed the day after and the security forces were hit, forcing them to evacuate the capital. The dense heatwave added to more problems. The supply lines were cutoff; after a few days survivors developed communities and many of them were armed, while the criminals have developed their own factions and raid these communities for supply and control. Factions like the True Sons, a group of paramilitary warlords bent on dominating their enemies and expanding their territory around Washington D.C. These militants are led by a former JTF officer Antwon Ridgeway who, along with those that follow him, are a force to be reckoned with. Because of this, Directive 51 has been activated in Washington D.C. and thus activates a unit of Division agents who launch a joint operation with the Civilian Militia in Washington D.C. in order to recapture the capital.

Washington D.C. has been recreated to be as authentic as possible complete with well-known landmarks and buildings. Despite possible controversy, Ubisoft has stated that the choice of location was not one of politics despite the fact the chosen location is the nation's capital. Combat will be similar to the original game, with a few new features which includes new skills and new weapons. Players who help the citizens in D.C. may find some willing to take up arms and join the battle (part of the Settlements feature).

ซื้อเกมได้ที่ https://store.epicgames.com/legendauser/the-division-2
Tom Clancy's The Division 2 พากย์ไทย เนื้อเรื่อง

Tom Clancy's The Division 2 is an upcoming online action role-playing video game developed by Massive Entertainment and published by Ubisoft. The sequel to Tom Clancy's The Division, the game was released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on March 15, 2019.

Played from a third-person perspective, the game takes place in Washington D.C. seven months after its predecessor, in which a civil war between survivors and villainous bands of marauders breaks out. In the game, players can cooperate with each other to complete objectives. The game will also feature raids, which can be completed by up to eight players.

The events of Tom Clancy's The Division 2 take place in the summer of Washington D.C., 7 months after the events of the Dollar Flu, which took place in the winter in New York City. The virus has now spread to Washington D.C. During the initial phase of the crisis, important personnel such as POTUS, Secretary of Defense, Joint Chiefs of Staff and other important politicians were being evacuated. The chaos of the virus began with attacks on the Pentagon, The National Mall and other landmarks. Riots followed the day after and the security forces were hit, forcing them to evacuate the capital. The dense heatwave added to more problems. The supply lines were cutoff; after a few days survivors developed communities and many of them were armed, while the criminals have developed their own factions and raid these communities for supply and control. Factions like the True Sons, a group of paramilitary warlords bent on dominating their enemies and expanding their territory around Washington D.C. These militants are led by a former JTF officer Antwon Ridgeway who, along with those that follow him, are a force to be reckoned with. Because of this, Directive 51 has been activated in Washington D.C. and thus activates a unit of Division agents who launch a joint operation with the Civilian Militia in Washington D.C. in order to recapture the capital.

Washington D.C. has been recreated to be as authentic as possible complete with well-known landmarks and buildings. Despite possible controversy, Ubisoft has stated that the choice of location was not one of politics despite the fact the chosen location is the nation's capital. Combat will be similar to the original game, with a few new features which includes new skills and new weapons. Players who help the citizens in D.C. may find some willing to take up arms and join the battle (part of the Settlements feature).