#Opinion by Benedict Rogers 羅傑斯|"If we believe in freedom and human dignity – to pray and work for the great nation of China to truly rise up, as a nation and not an ideology, as a civilization and not a cabal, as a friend and not a threat. When that happens, everyone in China will readily and freely be able to be a proud, heartfelt patriot and be justifiably respected by the rest of the world for it."
Read more: https://bit.ly/3fjnTzc
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同時也有16部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過4萬的網紅Raymond Regulus,也在其Youtube影片中提到,1) 埃及最新發現古墓, 順便補充下(正版)軒轅黄帝一族, 仆街習近平老翻, 亂認祖宗... 2) 愛国要買大灣區? 錯! 錯! 錯! 華為CEO孟晚舟温哥華房地產2016年入手追貴貨, 有D on L 9, 但係温哥華有長遠價值, 我介紹得都冇死錯人。 3) Dr. Ng - Bond Desk...
「civilization china」的推薦目錄:
- 關於civilization china 在 Apple Daily - English Edition Facebook 的最讚貼文
- 關於civilization china 在 Mordeth13 Facebook 的最佳解答
- 關於civilization china 在 Goodbye HK, Hello UK Facebook 的最讚貼文
- 關於civilization china 在 Raymond Regulus Youtube 的最佳貼文
- 關於civilization china 在 風傳媒 The Storm Media Youtube 的最佳解答
- 關於civilization china 在 RuksiTRP Youtube 的最佳貼文
civilization china 在 Mordeth13 Facebook 的最佳解答
Jenna Cody :
Is Taiwan a real China?
No, and with the exception of a few intervening decades - here’s the part that’ll surprise you - it never has been.
This’ll blow your mind too: that it never has been doesn’t matter.
So let’s start with what doesn’t actually matter.
Until the 1600s, Taiwan was indigenous. Indigenous Taiwanese are not Chinese, they’re Austronesian. Then it was a Dutch colony (note: I do not say “it was Dutch”, I say it was a Dutch colony). Then it was taken over by Ming loyalists at the end of the Ming dynasty (the Ming loyalists were breakaways, not a part of the new Qing court. Any overlap in Ming rule and Ming loyalist conquest of Taiwan was so brief as to be inconsequential).
Only then, in the late 1600s, was it taken over by the Chinese (Qing). But here’s the thing, it was more like a colony of the Qing, treated as - to use Emma Teng’s wording in Taiwan’s Imagined Geography - a barrier or barricade keeping the ‘real’ Qing China safe. In fact, the Qing didn’t even want Taiwan at first, the emperor called it “a ball of mud beyond the pale of civilization”. Prior to that, and to a great extent at that time, there was no concept on the part of China that Taiwan was Chinese, even though Chinese immigrants began moving to Taiwan under Dutch colonial rule (mostly encouraged by the Dutch, to work as laborers). When the Spanish landed in the north of Taiwan, it was the Dutch, not the Chinese, who kicked them out.
Under Qing colonial rule - and yes, I am choosing my words carefully - China only controlled the Western half of Taiwan. They didn’t even have maps for the eastern half. That’s how uninterested in it they were. I can’t say that the Qing controlled “Taiwan”, they only had power over part of it.
Note that the Qing were Manchu, which at the time of their conquest had not been a part of China: China itself essentially became a Manchu imperial holding, and Taiwan did as well, once they were convinced it was not a “ball of mud” but actually worth taking. Taiwan was not treated the same way as the rest of “Qing China”, and was not administered as a province until (I believe) 1887. So that’s around 200 years of Taiwan being a colony of the Qing.
What happened in the late 19th century to change China’s mind? Japan. A Japanese ship was shipwrecked in eastern Taiwan in the 1870s, and the crew was killed by hostile indigenous people in what is known as the Mudan Incident. A Japanese emissary mission went to China to inquire about what could be done, only to be told that China had no control there and if they went to eastern Taiwan, they did so at their own peril. China had not intended to imply that Taiwan wasn’t theirs, but they did. Japan - and other foreign powers, as France also attempted an invasion - were showing an interest in Taiwan, so China decided to cement its claim, started mapping the entire island, and made it a province.
So, I suppose for a decade or so Taiwan was a part of China. A China that no longer exists.
It remained a province until 1895, when it was ceded to Japan after the (first) Sino-Japanese War. Before that could happen, Taiwan declared itself a Republic, although it was essentially a Qing puppet state (though the history here is interesting - correspondence at the time indicates that the leaders of this ‘Republic of Taiwan’ considered themselves Chinese, and the tiger flag hints at this as well. However, the constitution was a very republican document, not something you’d expect to see in Qing-era China.) That lasted for less than a year, when the Japanese took it by force.
This is important for two reasons - the first is that some interpretations of IR theory state that when a colonial holding is released, it should revert to the state it was in before it was taken as a colony. In this case, that would actually be The Republic of Taiwan, not Qing-era China. Secondly, it puts to rest all notions that there was no Taiwan autonomy movement prior to 1947.
In any case, it would be impossible to revert to its previous state, as the government that controlled it - the Qing empire - no longer exists. The current government of China - the PRC - has never controlled it.
After the Japanese colonial era, there is a whole web of treaties and agreements that do not satisfactorily settle the status of Taiwan. None of them actually do so - those which explicitly state that Taiwan is to be given to the Republic of China (such as the Cairo declaration) are non-binding. Those that are binding do not settle the status of Taiwan (neither the treaty of San Francisco nor the Treaty of Taipei definitively say that Taiwan is a part of China, or even which China it is - the Treaty of Taipei sets out what nationality the Taiwanese are to be considered, but that doesn’t determine territorial claims). Treaty-wise, the status of Taiwan is “undetermined”.
Under more modern interpretations, what a state needs to be a state is…lessee…a contiguous territory, a government, a military, a currency…maybe I’m forgetting something, but Taiwan has all of it. For all intents and purposes it is independent already.
In fact, in the time when all of these agreements were made, the Allied powers weren’t as sure as you might have learned about what to do with Taiwan. They weren’t a big fan of Chiang Kai-shek, didn’t want it to go Communist, and discussed an Allied trusteeship (which would have led to independence) or backing local autonomy movements (which did exist). That it became what it did - “the ROC” but not China - was an accident (as Hsiao-ting Lin lays out in Accidental State).
In fact, the KMT knew this, and at the time the foreign minister (George Yeh) stated something to the effect that they were aware they were ‘squatters’ in Taiwan.
Since then, it’s true that the ROC claims to be the rightful government of Taiwan, however, that hardly matters when considering the future of Taiwan simply because they have no choice. To divest themselves of all such claims (and, presumably, change their name) would be considered by the PRC to be a declaration of formal independence. So that they have not done so is not a sign that they wish to retain the claim, merely that they wish to avoid a war.
It’s also true that most Taiwanese are ethnically “Han” (alongside indigenous and Hakka, although Hakka are, according to many, technically Han…but I don’t think that’s relevant here). But biology is not destiny: what ethnicity someone is shouldn’t determine what government they must be ruled by.
Through all of this, the Taiwanese have evolved their own culture, identity and sense of history. They are diverse in a way unique to Taiwan, having been a part of Austronesian and later Hoklo trade routes through Southeast Asia for millenia. Now, one in five (I’ve heard one in four, actually) Taiwanese children has a foreign parent. The Taiwanese language (which is not Mandarin - that’s a KMT transplant language forced on Taiwanese) is gaining popularity as people discover their history. Visiting Taiwan and China, it is clear where the cultural differences are, not least in terms of civic engagement. This morning, a group of legislators were removed after a weekend-long pro-labor hunger strike in front of the presidential palace. They were not arrested and will not be. Right now, a group of pro-labor protesters is lying down on the tracks at Taipei Main Station to protest the new labor law amendments.
This would never be allowed in China, but Taiwanese take it as a fiercely-guarded basic right.
*
Now, as I said, none of this matters.
What matters is self-determination. If you believe in democracy, you believe that every state (and Taiwan does fit the definition of a state) that wants to be democratic - that already is democratic and wishes to remain that way - has the right to self-determination. In fact, every nation does. You cannot be pro-democracy and also believe that it is acceptable to deprive people of this right, especially if they already have it.
Taiwan is already a democracy. That means it has the right to determine its own future. Period.
Even under the ROC, Taiwan was not allowed to determine its future. The KMT just arrived from China and claimed it. The Taiwanese were never asked if they consented. What do we call it when a foreign government arrives in land they had not previously governed and declares itself the legitimate governing power of that land without the consent of the local people? We call that colonialism.
Under this definition, the ROC can also be said to be a colonial power in Taiwan. They forced Mandarin - previously not a language native to Taiwan - onto the people, taught Chinese history, geography and culture, and insisted that the Taiwanese learn they were Chinese - not Taiwanese (and certainly not Japanese). This was forced on them. It was not chosen. Some, for awhile, swallowed it. Many didn’t. The independence movement only grew, and truly blossomed after democratization - something the Taiwanese fought for and won, not something handed to them by the KMT.
So what matters is what the Taiwanese want, not what the ROC is forced to claim. I cannot stress this enough - if you do not believe Taiwan has the right to this, you do not believe in democracy.
And poll after poll shows it: Taiwanese identify more as Taiwanese than Chinese (those who identify as both primarily identify as Taiwanese, just as I identify as American and Armenian, but primarily as American. Armenian is merely my ethnicity). They overwhelmingly support not unifying with China. The vast majority who support the status quo support one that leads to eventual de jure independence, not unification. The status quo is not - and cannot be - an endgame (if only because China has declared so, but also because it is untenable). Less than 10% want unification. Only a small number (a very small minority) would countenance unification in the future…even if China were to democratize.
The issue isn’t the incompatibility of the systems - it’s that the Taiwanese fundamentally do not see themselves as Chinese.
A change in China’s system won’t change that. It’s not an ethnic nationalism - there is no ethnic argument for Taiwan (or any nation - didn’t we learn in the 20th century what ethnicity-based nation-building leads to? Nothing good). It’s not a jingoistic or xenophobic nationalism - Taiwanese know that to be dangerous. It’s a nationalism based on shared identity, culture, history and civics. The healthiest kind of nationalism there is. Taiwan exists because the Taiwanese identify with it. Period.
There are debates about how long the status quo should go on, and what we should risk to insist on formal recognition. However, the question of whether or not to be Taiwan, not China…
…well, that’s already settled.
The Taiwanese have spoken and they are not Chinese.
Whatever y’all think about that doesn’t matter. That’s what they want, and if you believe in self-determination you will respect it.
If you don’t, good luck with your authoritarian nonsense, but Taiwan wants nothing to do with it.
civilization china 在 Goodbye HK, Hello UK Facebook 的最讚貼文
呢頭話「關係差到好唔返」,嗰頭就咁樣...
當《China Daily》話「擔心」只要依家嗰個美國總統仲係咁,將來接任嘅就算有任何善意都好,中美關系都已經爛到好難修保。
(“Even if the incoming administration has any intention of easing the tensions that have been sown, and continue being sown, some damage is simply beyond repair, as the sitting U.S. president intends.”)
但係同一時候,《China Daily》同《Global Times》嗰兩位就咁樣同美國參議員Marsha Blackburn同Marco Rubio大戰...言語之狠毒,火藥味重到呢...
首先發炮嘅係共和黨嘅Marsha Blackburn:
“China has a 5,000 year history of cheating and stealing. Some things will never change…”
(幾千年你偷呃拐騙,有啲嘢係永遠唔會變嘅...)
咁《China Daily》嘅陳生就...”BXXXX”
Marsha Blackburn就咁回應:
(你啲咁嘅 呢啲咁嘅傀儡諗住稱霸世界?由天安門到維吾爾族淨係識殺自己人, 唔使旨意美國唔會向呢啲性別主義流氓叩頭)
“Chen, you’re a puppet in Xi Jinping’s delusional China dream for global domination. From Tiananmen Square to Uyghur genocide, Communist China is an expert at slaughtering populations. America will not bow down to sexist communist thugs.”
講到咁,陳生緊係繼續:
“This is the most racist and ignorant US Senator I have seen. A lifetime bxxxx.”
「 呢個都算係我見過最無知同埋歧視嘅美國參議員,直情係Lifetime bxxxx」
之後《Global Times》胡總出場再加多腳,
“When the Chinese were forming civilization, fighting against cheating and stealing, the ancestors of the Americans had not completely got rid of the nature of monkeys. The US is modernized today, but the pity is why this senator’s cognitive level is still as low as a monkey’s.”
「 當中國人發展文明 對抗偷呃拐騙嘅時候, 美國人都仲未完全脫離離馬騮嘅天性, 今日嘅美國當然係現代化,但係可惜呢呢個參議院嘅認知水平仲係同馬騮差唔多囉。」
可能見到兩個男人對一名女士,另一個共和黨參議員路過Marco Rubio見到之後,就向網民介紹陳生係《China Daily》歐洲版主編(喇,都唔算太大力做「炸兩」嘅),點知陳生再保多下回Marco Rubio。
“Hi, Marco, this is an understatement. She is much worse than that.”
(Marco你好呀,咁樣講已經好留手㗎喇,其實呢個女人仲衰過呀。)
咁嘅關系,接任嗰個係咪要(最好帶埋啲議員)雙膝跪地叩頭叩到出血為止?
#其實講咁多仲乜
#乜平時唔係四個英文字母嘅咩
報導:
《Reuters》
Some Sino-U.S. relations damage 'beyond repair', China state media warn
https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-usa-china-state-media/some-sino-u-s-relations-damage-beyond-repair-china-state-media-warn-idUKKBN28E01W
civilization china 在 Raymond Regulus Youtube 的最佳貼文
1) 埃及最新發現古墓, 順便補充下(正版)軒轅黄帝一族, 仆街習近平老翻, 亂認祖宗...
2) 愛国要買大灣區? 錯! 錯! 錯! 華為CEO孟晚舟温哥華房地產2016年入手追貴貨, 有D on L 9, 但係温哥華有長遠價值, 我介紹得都冇死錯人。
3) Dr. Ng - Bond Desk 份人老L土, 睇一次又露一張底牌...
Does Chinese Civilization Come From Ancient Egypt?
https://foreignpolicy.com/2016/09/02/did-chinese-civilization-come-from-ancient-egypt-archeological-debate-at-heart-of-china-national-identity/
#中美貿易戰 #香港樓市 #中国经济支爆 #沽空港元 #港元脫勾 #聯繫匯率 #ChantaleBelle #貝依霖 #美元短缺 #央行收QE #黃偉民易經講堂
Under Probation:
沈大師, 東網電視, 劉細良
VERY FAKE NEWS:
TVB, 亞視, 香港01, 蕭若元, 國情揭露, 香港花生, 民眾證券, 鄭經翰, 852郵報, D100, 黃毓民, RFA自由亞洲, 蘋果日報, 蘋果動新聞, 壹週刊, 桑普, 傑斯, 升旗易得道, 城寨, MyRadio, MIHK, Ragazine, Sky Finance, 我要做富翁, 黎則奮, 游清源, 吳志森, 李慧玲, coco哥, RTHK 香港電台, 劉夢熊, Gavinchiu趙博, 林鄭月娥, South China Morning Post, 陳雲, 習近平, 何志光, 長毛梁國雄, 巴打台, 劉小麗, 快必譚得志, 關鍵時刻, 東森新聞, 中時電子報, 郭文貴, 黃秋生, 劉德華, 周潤發, 張堅庭, 港人講地, Dr. Ng-Bond Desk
軟男母系社會育成計劃:
黄之鋒, 楊岳橋, JASON(大J), 梁思浩, 八八通Gossip, 秘史趣聞, 100毛, 毛記電視, 東方昇, 專家Dickson, 國家級任務, 今日問真啲, 托哥torres, mingjai14, 屎萊姆的3次元, 笑波子, 龍心, 宅男俱樂部, KZee, Mira 咪拉, Ling Cheng, lizzydaily, 杜汶澤, 壹鳩大事回顧
及全港其他大小傳媒KOL, 來! 全部一起來, 軒轅光正求一敗!
我Facebook有更多最新消息: https://facebook.com/raymond.regulus.80
(嚴禁各種蠢撚: 左膠中華膠彿撚耶撚天主撚道德撚)
civilization china 在 風傳媒 The Storm Media Youtube 的最佳解答
當前中國的最大文化悲哀是:能夠平視世界的中國人,只佔中國人口的 1%,其他的 99%中國人,不是在仰視世界,就是在俯視世界。
對他人的仰視或俯視,其實是奴性的一體兩面。別人強時,自己是奴,就仰視他;自己強時,別人是奴,就俯視他。在這種文化傳統下,人權和民主是無法生根的。
中國究竟算不算崛起,看得不是GDP、不是軍事力量,而是中國人是否擺脫了自己內心深處的自我奴性形象。
這一集,談的是這個問題!
【腦力犯中】系列,每週三在風傳媒播出,帶你認識卸妝後的真實中國。
更多「范局」影音,請看https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCS2X...
范疇 Kenneth C. Fan
跨界思考者。終身創業者。小政府信奉者。平民精神推行者。「無印良國」倡議者。
1. 中國崛起的致命傷:次等文明的自我形象. Sep 2018
1. The fatal wound of China's rise: Self-image of inferior Civilization. Discourse by
Kenneth Fan. Powered by Joey Kuo 2018 @ Sum-Coo.com
腦力犯中精彩回顧:
史上最大倫理實驗場?拿破崙+義和團=中共現況?|腦力犯中#10
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pHoA7yK9nIc
演化台灣?家族分贓?習近平的中國法西斯之路不遠矣!?|腦力犯中#9
https://youtu.be/UWrfwkbguzM?list=PLK...
毛澤東轉世vs.遲到的老蔣!習近平的未來選擇竟是?|腦力犯中#8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9HL0...
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civilization china 在 RuksiTRP Youtube 的最佳貼文
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civilization china 在 History of China - Wikipedia 的相關結果
The Shang ruled in the Yellow River valley, which is commonly held to be the cradle of Chinese civilization. However, Neolithic civilizations originated at ... ... <看更多>
civilization china 在 Chinese (Civ6) | Civilization Wiki 的相關結果
The Chinese people represent a civilization in Civilization VI. They are led by Qin Shi Huang, under whom their default colors are dark green and white; and ( ... ... <看更多>
civilization china 在 Ancient Civilization: China | National Geographic Society 的相關結果
Ancient Civilization: China ... Ancient China is responsible for a rich culture, still evident in modern China. From small farming communities ... ... <看更多>