[早餐絕對要吃的理由—以減脂增肌的角度]
有臉友私訊我,說很多醫師在鼓吹不吃早餐的好處,想問我是否認同這樣的想法?
當然 #百分百不認同啊‼️來我這裡的肥胖學員多的是skip掉早餐,睡到中午才吃第一餐或是一天只吃晚餐的人,完全沒有因為這樣就比較健康還更胖啊!我答應她會寫一篇文章來說明,為什麼我覺得早餐(早上的蛋白質補充)#絕對是一整天最重要的一餐!
過去的研究很多,我直接拿今年最新的兩篇出來:
✅關於減脂
今年在《The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition》發表一個關於進食的時間跟代謝和致胖因子的關係「Late eating is associated with cardiometabolic risk traits, obesogenic behaviors, and impaired weight loss」
這個在西班牙的研究招募3362名成年人參與減肥療程,並根據早餐和晚餐時間的中間點(以14:54為界)分為早食組和晚食組;(例如,早餐8:00吃、晚餐17:00吃,那中間點是12:30所以是早食組)
結果發現:兩組在能量攝入、運動鍛煉的總量上沒有差異,但是 #晚食組比早食組具有更高的BMI和三酸甘油脂,以及 #較差的胰島素敏感性,晚食者 #減重成功率比早食者低17%,每周平均減重重量低80g。
晚食者出現 #減肥卡關的機率更高,減肥動機降低,且出現 #壓力性進食、 #夜晚過量進食、 #看電視進食的機率更高。晚食組也跟 #較高的心血管代謝疾病風險有關。
✅關於增肌
你知道有所謂的「 #肌肉時鐘」嗎?
《Cell report》今年七月有一篇日本早稻田大學探討一天蛋白質分佈在不同時間對增肌的影響「Distribution of dietary protein intake in daily meals influences skeletal muscle hypertrophy via the muscle clock」,這個研究動物跟人類都有做。
人類部分,在60位65歲以上的年長女性身上發現,當一天總蛋白質攝取 #集中在早餐比例最高的女性,不管是肌肉質量指數(SMI)和握力測試都有比較好的結果。早餐攝取高蛋白質和高齡健康女性的肌肉質量跟肌力都呈現正相關。
而老鼠實驗進一步驗證機轉,發現當每天餵食兩餐,一餐蛋白質濃度11.5%一餐8.5%,雖然一整天蛋白質總量一樣,但早餐攝取高蛋白質濃度的小鼠,比晚餐攝取高蛋白質的小鼠出現更明顯的腿部肌肉成長,肌肉成長比率上升17%。
#表示蛋白質在早餐吃利用率遠大於晚餐
這跟肌肉生長基因🧬(myogenic genes)有關的生理時鐘,在白天特別活躍有關。
這也就是為何我所有的學員,我都鼓勵他們早起吃早餐,而且一天四餐當中,早餐的蛋白質一定要吃到一天的最高比例(40-50克),而臨床也發現,那些睡到快中午才吃早餐的人,的確在減肥中保留肌肉的效率比較差。
總結以上,說不吃早餐比較健康的人我實在想不到有什麼研究可以拿出來佐證,醫學並不是固著信仰,或是自我感覺良好,而是看數據對照臨床說話的科學,不用打口水戰,一切看實證。
#早餐是補充蛋白質最好最重要的時間
#早餐不吃變胖變肌少
#早餐低碳高蛋白質穩定一天血糖
Reference:
1. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2021, 113.1: 154-161.
2. Aoyama, Shinya et al.Cell Reports, Volume 36, Issue 1, 109336
同時也有220部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過8萬的網紅Kofgym,也在其Youtube影片中提到,EP65 其實你無需追求肌肉撕裂!? 引發肌肉生長嘅原因有好多,肌肉撕裂係好多人相信嘅其中之一個主因,咁唔知事實同研究調查所得又係定唔係呢??? 資料來源: Reference: (1) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3933567/ ...
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感謝偉大的教授群
Brad Schoenfeld, James Fisher, Jozo Grgic, Cody Haun, Eric Helms, Stuart Phillips, James Steele, Andrew Vigotsky
肌肉成長、肌肉肥大相關的文獻是越來越詳盡,感謝教授們無私的奉獻,幫助大家走捷徑,很建議大家去把原文讀一讀,絕對會讓已有的知識重新整理一遍。
✅此篇是翻譯原文的Table 1
現在真的很推薦週期化的訓練,鎖定目標後,將不同的訓練法則用於不同的週期,以肌肥大為例,目前研究指出各個強度區間均有效,所以不倫幾RM都可以執行,並且用週期化的方式去跑課表,最後也要持續漸進式的加重、加訓練量。
✅最後最後想說的是
練就對了,但要練對🔥
#肌肥大 #長肌肉 #訓練強度 #訓練組數 #訓練法 #我是運動營養師 #教練 #營養師 #花一分鐘認識身體 #periodization #training #muscle #hypertrophy #dietitian #sportscience #workout #mensphysique #coach
Reference:
Resistance Training Recommendations to Maximize Muscle Hypertrophy in an Athletic Population: Position Stand of the IUSCA. International Journal of Strength and Conditioning
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【奧林匹克式舉重動作不能捨棄的理由】
分享《The System: Soviet Periodization Adapted for the American Strength Coach》書中對奧林匹克式舉重的看法。該書的作者們並沒有否定專項訓練的重要性,但強調現階段(美國許多力量教練)用其他動作「取代」奧林匹克式舉重是不智的作法,主要的理由是上膊和抓舉能訓練到「大範圍動作」與「全身性」的「爆發力」與「速度」。下面附上原文、我的譯文和懸垂式上膊的訓練側拍影片:
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#以下為譯文,最後附上原文,若有發現翻譯不到位或有問題的地方,非常歡迎也希望各界指正!
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近年來,隨著人們越來越重視力量訓練中的安全性,以及所謂的「專項力量」訓練,奧林匹克式舉重動作已不再受到許多力量教練的青睞。主要的理由是,如果運動員不是要參加奧林匹克舉重比賽,有更好的爆發力訓練動作可以選,它們更容易轉化為運動賽場上的成績,而且這些動作不用移動那麼大的重量,所以對身體的壓力與風險會低很多。
為了甩開風險,有許多擲藥球或更有創意的動作已經在許多運動團隊的力量課表中取代上膊、抓舉、挺舉。在我們看來,這個鐘擺甩得太遠了,這些動作一直都能培養出世界上最強、最具爆發力運動員,現在卻要完全捨棄,實在太過極端。
我們要瞭解奧林匹克式舉重動作的主要目的是:通過「大範圍的動作」(特別是下肢)在全身產生最大的爆發力。
專攻奧林匹克式舉重選手和特別注重專項力量訓練的選手,這兩者的訓練課表,你最常發現的區別是:舉重選手是透過大範圍且快速的動作來訓練下肢;換言之,後者的動作幅度大都比較小。很多教練出於善意,使用了許多替代舉重的練習動作,但這些練習並沒有辦法達到舉重動作所需的柔韌性、協調性與力量輸出。
使用奧林匹克式舉重動作可以訓練到關節在較大彎屈幅度時的爆發力和穩定度,那也是身體在賽場上可能會碰到的幅度。(譯者註:當然對純跑者和泳者來說就並非如此了,不過自行車選手和大部分的球類運動相當符合)
一位運動員在進行完整的抓舉、挺舉時,如果進步太快或是沒有經過正確的指導再加上大重量,的確會導致受傷。但所有的訓練動作都是這樣,只要進階太快、操作不當或重量太重都會受傷,所以問題不在動作,而在於教練沒讓運動員準備好。
像美式足球或籃球這種運動的動作幅度很大,執行動作時需要高度的柔軟度與力量;在提升這些能力上,奧林匹克式舉重動作會比擲藥球的訓練更有效率。這些動作並不危險,只要你能先評估他們的身體是否有能力安全完成這些動作,事先對舉重動作進行規劃與指導,以及循序漸近地增加重量和動作難度,那麼很多顧慮都會消失。
當你能有效且適當地進行奧林匹克式舉重訓練,你會發現它的好處遠遠大於缺點。
(但作者也強調並不是每個人一開始都適合練奧林匹克式舉重動作)
一開始先別進行大量且高強度的奧林匹克式舉重訓練,最好先等到運動員們至少已經練了幾年之後才能大量的練。如果他們在早期要發展爆發力,可在運動員學習和改善舉重動作時先進行「跳躍」與「增強式訓練」。
無論什麼動作,練熟了動作的技術之後,接下來「速度」是第一位。雖然體育界很重視力量和肌肥大,但力量所表現出來的速度才是真正分出運動員實力差異的關鍵所在。
在健力(powerlifting)比賽中,動作的速度並不重要,目標是舉得更重,不管花多長時間,比賽結果只看重量。但在美式足球場上,最強壯的線鋒球員若不能迅速將力量轉化為控制對手防守球員的能力,他們就不能算是成功的進攻組球員。同理,一位能肩推數百磅重的鉛球選手,如果他不能用全身的力量來加速擲出鉛球,他也將無法把獎牌帶回家。
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#原文如下
THE OLYMPIC LIFTING CONTROVERSY
In recent years with the increasing emphasis on safety in strength training and what is termed “sport specific” training, the Olympic lifts have fallen out of favor with many strength coaches. The argument is that if you are not competing in Olympic lifting, there are better options for training explosive strength that translate more readily to sports performance, without the risks and strain inherent in rapidly moving heavy weights.
Variations of medicine ball throws or more creative exercises have taken the place of cleans, snatches, and jerks in the strength programming of many teams as coaches try to reduce those risks. In our opinion, the pendulum has swung too far away from using the movements that have consistently produced the strongest and most explosive athletes in the world.
The main goal of the Olympic lifts is to generate maximal power and explosive strength in the entire body through large ranges of motion, particularly for the lower extremities.
The differences you will most often find between the training regimen of an Olympic weightlifter and of athletes performing more “sport specific” training are that weightlifters consistently take the lower extremities through high-speed, large range-of-motion exercises. Many of the substituted movements and exercises used by a well-intentioned strength coach do not come close to demanding and developing the flexibility, coordination, and force output demanded by the weightlifting exercises.
It is true that subjecting an athlete to a full snatch or jerk with a substantial amount of weight without the proper instruction or progression will often result in injury. However, that holds true for any exercise. It is not the fault of the exercise, but rather the coach’s fault for failing to prepare the athlete to succeed.
Dynamic sports like football or basketball require suppleness and strength expressed through large ranges of motion; the Olympic lifts are more effective at facilitating those qualities than a medicine ball toss. If you assess an athlete to be physically capable of performing the movements safely and if the lifts are programmed and coached effectively and progressed in both weight and complexity, many concerns diminish.
You will discover that when implemented effectively and appropriately, the benefits of the Olympic lifts far outweigh the drawbacks.
A significantly high volume of Olympic lifting is best left to the athletes with at least a few years of training under their belts. For developing athletes such as these, the power and explosive qualities can be addressed through jumping or plyometric training as the Olympic lifts are coached and refined over time.
After mastering technical efficiency and form, no matter what the movement, speed should always be the priority. Although strength and muscle hypertrophy are important in the world of sports, the rapid expression of that strength is what separates athletes on the field of play.
In the sport of powerlifting, the speed of the movement is not critical. The goal is to lift the maximum weight, however long it takes. On the football field, the strongest linemen will rarely succeed if they cannot rapidly translate that strength to control an oncoming defender. A shot putter who can military press hundreds of pounds will not take home a medal without the ability to explosively accelerate the entire body to throw the shot.
(extracted from page 101~102)
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若有發現翻譯不到位或有問題的地方,非常歡迎也希望各界指正!
hypertrophy muscle 在 Kofgym Youtube 的最讚貼文
EP65 其實你無需追求肌肉撕裂!?
引發肌肉生長嘅原因有好多,肌肉撕裂係好多人相信嘅其中之一個主因,咁唔知事實同研究調查所得又係定唔係呢???
資料來源:
Reference:
(1)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3933567/
Acute Post-Exercise Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis Is Not Correlated with Resistance Training-Induced Muscle Hypertrophy in Young Men
(2)https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/japplphysiol.00609.2014
What is the relationship between the acute muscle protein synthesis response and changes in muscle mass?
(3) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3381813/
Muscle protein synthesis in response to nutrition and exercise
X /
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KOFGYM Channel逢一、三、五出片!!
逢星期三將會有Burger主持劇場,敬請留意
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hypertrophy muscle 在 Jordan Yeoh Fitness Youtube 的最佳解答
▷Connect with Me
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/jordanyeohfitness
Facebook: http://facebook.com/jordanyeohfitness
How I Build My Body: https://bit.ly/trainwithjordanapp
Physique Disclaimer: Throughout my fitness journey. I did not achieve this physique by doing these exercises alone. This video is specially made for those who can't go to the gym or do not have any gym equipment at home to get started in training and engaging their muscles. Speaking about Muscle Hypertrophy, imo it is still better to train with Dumbbells and Barbells (soon I will be posting a series of follow-along dumbbell workouts so please subscribe). Bodyweight at home might not be the best for growth but hey, done is better than none. Get it done first! My coaching program: https://bit.ly/trainwithjordanapp
Video disclaimer:
The exercises and workouts provided in this video are for educational purposes only and are not to be interpreted as a recommendation for a specific treatment plan, product, or course of action.
Before beginning this or any exercise program, please consult a physician for appropriate exercise prescription and safety precautions.
The exercise instruction and advice presented are in no way intended as a substitute for medical consultation.
As with any exercise program, if at any point during your workout you begin to feel faint, dizzy, or have physical discomfort, you should stop immediately and consult a physician.
Tracks: Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com/
#Shorts #fitness #workout #weightloss
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hypertrophy muscle 在 Kofgym Youtube 的最讚貼文
EP62-久休復操後必須注意事項!!
無論係因為日常生活嘅忙碌、受傷、病患或者係封GYM都有機會令你有好一段嘅時間被迫停止訓練,而當我地終於捱過左無訓練嘅日子之後我地應該點樣去重新適應回復到停操之前嘅狀態,甚至更好呢??
資料來源:
Reference:
Muscle memory and a new cellular model for muscle atrophy and hypertrophy.
Strongerbyscience and MASS
Jeff niappard
https://www.strongerbyscience.com/athlete-protein-intake/
https://www.strongerbyscience.com/myonuclear-muscle-memory/
https://www.strongerbyscience.com/returning-to-training/
Fundamentals of glycogen metabolism for coaches and athletes
Bob Murray and Christine Rosenbloom, retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6019055/
如果對私人教練1on1, 1on2有興趣可以到以下網址:
https://www.kofgym.com/our-coach
或Whatsapp:84810150查詢以上服務
Kofgym:
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Burger:
https://www.instagram.com/burger_kofgym/
Karl(槓鈴訓練教練):
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Ivan(增肌減脂教練):
https://www.instagram.com/ivankwokivankwok/
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Hypertrophy | What is hypertrophy ? | Mechanism of muscle hypertrophy | How does hypertrophy happen? 12K views · 1 year ago #genetics ... ... <看更多>