出版界大前輩:Einstein一直被謠傳高中數學成績差。
諾貝爾官方前幾天弄到愛因斯坦在1896年就讀瑞士阿勞市高中的成績單,人家明明代數幾何都滿分(最低1最高是6),甚至歷史化學也是頂尖好。
看了一下最低分是法文,3分。BUT,他高中同時修的語言還有:德文、英文、義大利文⋯⋯分數都有5!」
👨🏻💻:我死之前,一定會把我所有成績表都燒掉,才會死得甘心。
Contrary to a widespread myth, Albert Einstein was good at mathematics in high school.
This certificate of maturity was issued to Albert Einstein at the age of 17, after attending the Cantonal High School in Aarau, Switzerland. In this scoring scheme, 6 is the highest, and 1 the lowest grade. The photo was taken the very same day he received his grades on 3 October 1896.
Einstein received the following grades:
German language and literature: 5
French language and literature: 3
English language and literature: —
Italian language and literature: 5
History: 6
Geography: 4
Algebra: 6
Geometry (planimetry, trigonometry, stereometry and analytical geometry): 6
Descriptive geometry: 6
Physics: 6
Chemistry: 5
Natural history: 5
In drawing: 4*
In technical drawing: 4*
*The performance over the course of the year is considered.
More about Einstein: https://bit.ly/2x1BLbH
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過373萬的網紅Xiaomanyc 小马在纽约,也在其Youtube影片中提到,This is the story of Onfim, a little boy from medieval Russia whose doodles we have perfectly preserved on tree bark, right next to his homework. Wow!...
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the history of english literature 在 李怡 Facebook 的精選貼文
No Forbidden Zones in Reading (Lee Yee)
German philosopher Hegel said, “The only thing we learn from history is that we learn nothing from history.”
In April 1979, the post-Cultural Revolution era of China, the first article of the first issue of Beijing-based literary magazine, Dushu [meaning “Reading” in Chinese]," shook up the Chinese literary world. The article, titled “No Forbidden Zones in Reading”, was penned by Li Honglin. At the time, the CCP had not yet emerged from the darkness of the Cultural Revolution. What was it like in the Cultural Revolution? Except for masterpieces by Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin and Mao, and a small fraction of practical books, all books were banned, and all libraries were closed. The Cultural Revolution ended in 1976, and 2 years later in 1978, the National Publishing Bureau decided to allow 35 books to be “unbanned”. An interlude: When the ban was first lifted, there was no paper on which to print the books because the person with authority over paper was Wang Dongxing, a long-term personal security of Mao’s, who would only give authorization to print Mao. The access to use paper to print books other than Mao was a procedural issue. The Cultural Revolution was already on its way to be overturned. The door to printing these books was opened only after several hang-ups.
“No Forbidden Zones in Reading” in the first issue of Dushu raised a question of common sense: Do citizens have the freedom to read? “We have not enacted laws that restrict people’s freedom of reading. Instead, our Constitution stipulates that people have the freedom of speech and publication, as well as the freedom to engage in cultural activities. Reading ought to be a cultural activity,” argued Li. It was not even about the freedom of speech, but simply reading. Yet this common sense would appear as a subversion of the paralyzing rigid ideas formulated during the Cultural Revolution, like a tossed stone that raises a thousand ripples. Dushu’s editorial department received a large number of objections: first, that there would be no gatekeeper and mentally immature minors would be influenced by trashy literature; second, that with the opening of the Pandora box, feudalism, capitalism and revisionism would now occupy our cultural stage. The article also aroused waves of debates within the CCP. Hu Yaobang, then Minister of Central Propaganda, transferred and appointed Li Honglin as the Deputy Director of the Theory Bureau in his department. A colleague asked him directly, “Can primary school students read Jin Pin Mei [also known in English as The Plum in the Golden Vase, a Chinese novel of manners composed in late Ming dynasty with explicit depiction of sexuality]?”
“All Four Doors of the Library Should be Open” was published in the second issue of Dushu, as an extension to “No Forbidden Zones in Reading”. The author was Fan Yuming, but was really Zeng Yansiu, president of the People’s Publishing House.
In the old days, there was a shorthand for the three Chinese characters for “library”: “book” within a “mouth”. The four sides of the book are all wide open, meaning that all the shackles of the banned books are released. “No Forbidden Zones in Reading” explains this on a theoretical level: the people have the freedom to read; “All Four Doors of the Library Should be Open” states that other than special collection books, all other books should be available for the public to loan.
The controversy caused by “No Forbidden Zones in Reading” lasted 2 years, and in April 1981, at the second anniversary of Dushu, Director of the Publishing Bureau, Chen Hanbo, penned an article that reiterated that there are “No Forbidden Zones in Reading”, and that was targeting an “unprecedented ban on books that did happen”.
Books are records of human wisdom, including strange, boring, vulgar thoughts, which are all valuable as long as they remain. After Emperor Qin Shihuang burned the books, he buried the scholars. In history, the ban on books and literary crimes have never ceased.
Engraved on the entrance to Dachau concentration camp in Germany, a famous poem cautions: When a regime begins to burn books, if it is not stopped, they will turn to burn people; when a regime begins to silent words, if it is not stopped, they will turn to silent the person. At the exit, a famous admonishment: When the world forgets these things, they will continue to happen.
Heine, a German poet of the 19th century, came up with “burning books and burning people”. There was a line before this: This is just foreplay.
Yes, all burning and banning of books are just foreplay. Next comes the literary crimes, and then “burning people”.
I started working at a publishing house with a high school degree at 18, and lived my entire life in a pile of books. 42 years ago, when I read “No Forbidden Zones in Reading” in Dushu, I thought that banned books were a thing of the past. Half a century since and here we are, encountering the exact same thing in the freest zone for reading in the past century in the place which enlightened Sun Yat-sen and the rest of modern intellectuals, a place called Hong Kong.
Oh, Hegel’s words are the most genuine.
the history of english literature 在 李昆霖 Facebook 的精選貼文
我們的家教CJ要去美國讀文學博士學位,希望我幫他寫推薦信申請全額奬學金,我當下立刻二話不說幫他寫。兒子跟女兒看到我這樣做,就說:「爸爸你對CJ很好耶」
「那當然,因為我們也很幸運能有CJ當你們的家教啊,CJ也是我們的貴人啊」
CJ真的是很特別的家教,他在孩子還小的時候(7歲跟5歲),就給孩子注入了老靈魂,他會帶吉他來我們家彈披頭四的歌並且解釋歌詞中的詩意跟智慧給孩子,所以我在英文原文推薦信刻意置入一段speaking words of wisdom from the lyrics of let it be, 希望對方的文化水平可以看得懂我的幽默隱喻
而我們也是很特別的家長,因為我們回家時也常常看到他們三個窩在沙發上看netflix, 通常一般家長就會很火大付那麼錢是要你陪小孩看電視嗎? 但高智慧如我立刻就察覺他們在看的節目是有教育意義的像是二戰歷史,像是Rosa Park人權事件,像是女權主義。
他讓小孩了解為什麼人要學習歷史,因為要從過去的錯誤中學習,確保種族歧視不會再發生,納粹的暴行不會再重覆。
我們因為太喜歡他的全方位教學,於是連續二年帶他一起去歐洲跟著我們全家去歐洲做生意。 當我們家長在各個城市做生意時,他並不只是個保姆,而是會刻意帶小孩們去大量的博物館跟藝廊,了解文藝復興這時期對於奠定歐洲在接下來五百年的科學超前其他地區的關鍵因素。
對我的小孩來說,CJ不只是個英文家教,而是人生導師,他會導讀動物農場並且跟他們解釋背後的含義。 會跟小孩在花神咖啡館一邊吃冰一邊解釋薩特在這間咖啡廳寫的《存在與虛無》這本偉大著作對於存在主義有多麼的重要。會在疫情時期跟他們分享卡繆的《瘟疫》裡的小人物的人性的光輝與醜陋,當時就跟現在一模一樣。會帶他們去諾曼第海灘,讓他們了解這個D day戰場對於現代世界的塑造有多麼重要。
我的孩子很幸運能遇到這樣優秀的大哥哥教會他們很多東西,我也像個慈父一樣,希望這個大兒子可以勇於去追求自己的熱情。
Savi看到我寫的文章後,驚呼:「爸爸,我不知道你的英文文筆竟然那麼好,幾乎快跟我一樣好了」
我聽了哈哈大笑:「兒子,你以後一定會比我還更好,但現在還是我比較強一點啦!再怎麼說老子也是個博士」
My name is John Lee and I am the CEO of JOLA INTERNATIONAL. A group that also owns Timeless Truth Mask, an internationally recognized face mask brand.
I am writing this recommendation letter on behalf of Ching-Jen Sun, whom I have known for 5 years and we all call him CJ. Initially I hired him as the English tutor for both of my children. However, I soon started to realize CJ is more than just an English tutor, his diversified interests sparked my children’s curiosity in various aspects in life. One day he would bring a guitar and speaking words of wisdom from singing along Beatle’s lyrics of “let it be” to my children, another day he would watch World War II documentary film with my children and explained to them why they should learn history, so that the atrocity of Nazi and racism should never be repeated.
As I got to know him better, I started to trust him more by weighing more educative responsibility on his shoulder. For business purposes, each year I would take the entire family touring around Europe for more than a month and CJ would travel with us and help me to babysit my children while I work.
However, CJ far exceeded my expectation as a babysitter, whichever city we went, every afternoon he would take them to the museum and art galleries, his vast knowledge of art and literature in different era never ceases to amaze me.
To my children, CJ is not only an English tutor, but rather a mentor. Regardless of my children’s precocious ages (11 and 9), he would ask them to read George Orwell’s 《Animal Farm》 and explained to them the philosophical context beneath the surface of the story. He would explain to them the significance of existentialism of Jean Paul Sartre as they sat under the balcony hood of Cafe de Fleur in Paris. He would take the kids to Normandy beach and taught them that was the battle field that defined the modern world.
During Covid-19, he would read Albert Camus’ 《La Peste》to my children and pointed out the similarity of humanity between past and present.
His diversified interests are not confined within literature world, as a good baseball pitcher and slugger himself, CJ often would take them out to play baseball and explained to them the beauty of baseball game.
Throughout the years my children and CJ had developed a very strong brotherhood and I feel compelled to recommend this bright, hard-working and courteous young man to your faculty as I have a very strong confidence that he would add extra aura to your team, as he had to mine.
I am confident that CJ Sun is a strong candidate for Fulbright grant for graduate study. If you have any doubt during the process of evaluation, please feel free to contact me.
John Lee
Ph.D
Founder & CEO of Jolab
Founder & CEO of Timeless Truth Mask
the history of english literature 在 Xiaomanyc 小马在纽约 Youtube 的最讚貼文
This is the story of Onfim, a little boy from medieval Russia whose doodles we have perfectly preserved on tree bark, right next to his homework. Wow! A bit of explanation from Wikipedia: Onfim (Old Novgorodian: онѳиме, Onfime; also, Anthemius of Novgorod) was a boy who lived in Novgorod in the 13th century. He left his notes and homework exercises scratched in soft birch bark (beresta) which was preserved in the clay soil of Novgorod. Onfim, who was six or seven at the time, wrote in Old Novgorodian; besides letters and syllables, he drew "battle scenes and drawings of himself and his teacher".
I usually don’t make videos about history like this one, but I had a ton of fun researching this topic and making this video. Hope you enjoy watching it as much as I enjoyed making it! If you’re curious to learn more about Onfim, I found these online links really helpful in gaining a broad understanding of the topic:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onfim (try Google translating the Russian version of this article, it’s much better)
https://lithub.com/onfim-wuz-here-on-the-unlikely-art-of-a-medieval-russian-boy/
The best book on the topic in English is Voices on Birchbark: Everyday Communication in Medieval Russia. For background reading about the society and its culture, check out Readings in Russian Civilization Volume I: Russia before Peter the Great.
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