教練我要減脂,所以我要開始跑步了嘛?
其實到現在,相信還是許多人還是會有減脂就是要慢跑的想法,甚至還會這樣教學。這大概也是最常被問的問題。
☘️低強度長時間有氧,幫助脂肪燃燒?
執行後你會發現,跑步真的可以減脂。但!其實所有的運動都可以減脂,而不是減脂要跑步,增肌要重訓。那為什麼會有減脂要跑步的傳說呢?
最早在2001年Exercise Physiology: Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance書中提到
圖一、運動強度與營養素使用百分比之關係
👉隨著運動強度愈強,身體愈高比例使用醣類作為能量消耗。
圖二、運動時間與營養素使用百分比之關係
👉隨著時間愈久,身體愈高比例使用脂肪作為能量消耗。
因此,奠定了大家認為,低強度長時間運動,最能幫助脂肪的消耗!也是慢跑被認為最佳燃脂運動的原因。
☘️被忽略的細節 總能量消耗
不知道大家有沒有發現,上面兩張圖所表達的,是百分比,忽略了總能量的判斷。
根據2001年The effects of increasing exercise intensity on muscle fuel utilisation in humans文獻證實
圖三、運動強度、能量消耗與其能量供應源之關係
👉隨著運動強度愈強,能量消耗愈多。但是在其中脂肪酸的消耗變動較少,反而是醣類的消耗大幅增加。因此也符合前面所看到,醣類耗損的百分比增加。
因此,證明了不論運動強度多寡,都會消耗脂肪。而隨運動強度愈強,消耗醣類能量愈多。
☘️那是否高強度運動,對減脂無更大幫助?
根據2015年Abdominal fat reducing outcome of exercise training: fat burning or hydrocarbon source redistribution文獻提出
圖四、平時與餐後,能量與肌肉、脂肪的奪取關係。
👉運動後,肌肉會奪取更多的能量來源,迫使脂肪組織得到的能量減少,降低脂肪儲存,進而減脂。
因此,高強度運動對於減脂可能比中低強度更有效果。
☘️慢跑的價值
跑步不再具有減脂特別好的優勢,那為何還是現在主要訓練項目之一?
依照運動處方簽,健康體適能的目的在於
1. 提昇肌肉與肌耐力
2. 提昇心肺能力
3. 提昇柔軟度
4. 改善身體組成
這也是當學員踏進健身房,我們最應該先知道他的目的。提昇生活品質?減肥?改善酸痛?還是想增加運動表現?
而慢跑非常適合訓練肌耐力與心肺能力!此外對於新手運動員或高血壓、心血管疾病患者,無法採取高強度高負荷訓練時,慢跑會是一個非常好的運動。
☘️結論
慢跑對於提昇肌耐力、心肺能力都有很好的效果。對減脂也有一定的功效。
但如果以減脂為目的,其實大部分運動都可以,甚至愈高強度運動效果愈好,因此只要選擇自己喜歡的運動即可!
所以!並非減脂就是只能跑步唷!
☘️吉米小補充
但其實可以看到圖三的肌肉中三酸甘油脂,利用率明顯較低。文獻中並無明確的說明,目前認為較大的可能性為:高強度運動活化了無氧糖解,影響了肌肉中游離肉鹼下降,導致脂肪酸無法進入粒線體,脂肪酸氧化能力下降。
雖然近代研究普遍認為中低強度運動不在是減脂首選,但如果高強度運動可能會下降脂肪酸氧化能力的角度,慢跑也許真的是減脂最佳選擇!
文獻參考:
1. van Loon LJ, Greenhaff PL, Constantin-Teodosiu D, Saris WH, Wagenmakers AJ. The effects of increasing exercise intensity on muscle fuel utilisation in humans. J Physiol. 2001 Oct 1;536(Pt 1):295-304.
2. Kuo CH, Harris MB. Abdominal fat reducing outcome of exercise training: fat burning or hydrocarbon source redistribution? Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2016 Jul;94(7):695-8.
3. 運動營養學
4. Exercise Physiology: Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance
#obesity #肥胖 #aerobic #有氧 #減重 #減脂 #慢跑 #醣類 #脂肪 #能量奪取 #運動營養 #營養師 #吉米健身營養
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aerobic exercise 在 CheckCheckCin Facebook 的精選貼文
【運動要熱身】熱身時間因人而異
⭐夏天熱身時間可以短一點
⭐亦要視乎進行哪類運動而定
#星期一踢走BlueMonday
運動前熱身重點
不正確的運動方式容易造成運動創傷,熱身運動就是最常被忽略的一環;熱身能提升體溫、增加肌肉彈性及神經靈敏度,更可增加肌腱及靭帶的延展性,減少拉傷肌肉的可能。
何謂足夠的熱身運動?要視乎年紀、體質、天氣、運動強度而定,進行帶氧運動例如慢跑,需要的熱身時間相對短;如進行短期爆發且高強度的無氧運動,例如100米賽跑、籃球、欖球等,需要的熱身時間相對長,目的是令體溫上升、心跳頻率增加,達到輕微出汗的程度,令身體能盡快適應運動強度。然而熱身時間並非越長越好,如過度的話會造成體力下降或疲勞,影響運動效果。
簡易熱身運動推介:
👩🏻 頭頸
右手放在頭部左側,把頭輕輕往右面壓,讓右耳拉近肩膊,維持動作約15秒,換左手重覆動作。
💪🏻 上肢
舉高右手,屈曲並以指尖點着背部,左手將右手踭向左拉,令右肩有拉緊感覺,維持動作約15秒,左手重覆動作。
🦵🏻 下肢
動作一:前後腳站立,腳尖向前,腳跟著地,前腳屈曲,後腳拉直,上身保持垂直重心向下壓,令後腳小腿肌肉有拉扯感覺,維持動作約15秒,換另一隻腳重覆動作。
動作二:右腳向後屈起,以右手從後握着右腳腳掌,用點力向上拉,大腿保持伸直讓肌肉有拉扯感覺,可找扶手協助平衡,維持動作約15秒,左腳重覆動作。
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Warm-up before exercising
Improper exercise forms and motions can cause injuries, and more often than not, it is due to the lack of warm-ups. Warming up can increase the body temperature, improve the elasticity of muscles and the sensitivity of nerve receptors, hence, reducing chances of injuries.
So, how long should a warm-up last? It depends on the individual’s age, body constitution, the weather, and the intensity of the sport. Aerobic exercises such as slow jog would require a shorter warm-up time.
On the other hand, anaerobic exercises that are of short length with high intensity such as 100m dash, basketball, and rugby warrants a longer warm-up. This is to increase the body temperature and heart rate and to help the body to sweat a little, so the body can get accustomed to the intensity more effectively.
Yet, it does not mean the more time you spend on warm-up, the better it is, because excessive warming up can reduce the stamina and cause exhaustion even before the actual sport takes place.
Some simple warm-ups:
💪🏻 Head and Neck
Place your right hand on the left side of your head and gently push your head towards the right side until the right ear is close to the shoulder. Keep the position for 15 seconds. Repeat with left hand on right side of head.
💪🏻Upper limbs
Raise your right hand and bend it downwards with finger tips touching your back. Use your left hand to pull your right elbow towards the left until you feel tightness on the right shoulder. Keep the position for 15 seconds. Repeat with left hand.
🦵🏻 Lower limbs
Action 1: Stand with one leg in front of the other, point the feet to the front, and make sure the ankles are on the ground. Bend the front leg and straighten the other. Keep the body straight and lower the center of gravity, so you can feel tension on the calves. Maintain the same position for 15 seconds and repeat the same process for the other feet.
Action 2: Bend the right leg backward and hold the feet with the right hand. Pull the leg upward as much as possible, but keep the thigh straight and make sure there is tension in the muscles. Use a handrail to stabilize the body, if necessary. Maintain the same position for 15 seconds and repeat the same process for the other feet.
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aerobic exercise 在 Hanim Joufry Facebook 的最佳解答
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aerobic exercise 在 館長成吉思汗 Youtube 的精選貼文
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aerobic exercise 在 DJ Macky Suson Youtube 的最佳解答
Cycling is mainly an aerobic activity, which means that your heart, blood vessels and lungs all get a workout. You will breathe deeper, perspire and experience increased body temperature, which will improve your overall fitness level. #Shorts
increased cardiovascular fitness
increased muscle strength and flexibility
improved joint mobility
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prevention or management of disease
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aerobic exercise 在 Aerobic Exercise Examples: At Home, at the Gym, and More 的相關結果
Aerobic exercise is any type of cardiovascular conditioning, or “cardio.” It can include activities like brisk walking, swimming, running, or cycling. ... <看更多>
aerobic exercise 在 Aerobic exercise - Wikipedia 的相關結果
Aerobic exercise (also known as endurance activities, cardio or cardio-respiratory exercise) is physical exercise of low to high intensity that depends ... ... <看更多>
aerobic exercise 在 Aerobic Exercise Health: What Is It, Benefits & Examples 的相關結果
Aerobic exercise provides cardiovascular conditioning. The term aerobic actually means "with oxygen," which means that breathing controls ... ... <看更多>