這種逗號不如餵給熊貓吃掉吧!
范范真是「好範兒」,另一個事業巔峰就是為台灣大眾示範了好何謂言多必失。她日前顯然本想藉著撂英文顯示高尚以博得同情,哪知不自量力的低級英文一po出,成為負面示範,刺激全民探討英文、重拾學英文的樂趣。截圖是 Dub & Ko Language Services(來源:臉書)提供批改范瑋琪英文的範例,造成大轟動,雖然轟動的背後難免有政治立場煽風點火,但就學習語言來說,仍也是極佳的學習範例。祝這個抓緊時事脈動的英文改寫和翻譯服務事業蒸蒸日上。不過,有一個英文寫作規則必須指出。最後一句的改寫:
She who talks much, errs much.
這在今天已經不是好的英文,絕對會被英文編輯和老師視為錯誤。去掉逗點就好了。句子主詞與述詞之間的逗點,歷史上曾經出現,那是至少200年前的寫法,今日不宜,除非你是在直接引述古人的英語,否則請注意不得加逗號,無論主詞多麼長。
以下直接引述兩本權威用法指南供參:
一、Webster's Dictionary of English Usage (1989) 262頁
Comma between subject and predicate.
It is no longer cricket 〔按:n. 正人君子之舉;合度的行為〕 to separate the subject and predicate with punctuation. “How,” asks Simon 1980 rhetorically, “can one possibly separate the subject... from the predicate ... by a comma?” The comma between subject and predicate is an old convention that has fallen into disuse and disfavor. It was common in the 18th century:
What Methods they will take, is not for me to prescribe —Jonathan Swift, “A Proposal for Correcting, Improving and Ascertaining the English Tongue,” 1712
The words for all that, seem too low —Murray 1795
The first thing to be studied here, is grammatical propriety —Murray 1795
This comma is now universally frowned on and tends to be found only as a vice of comic-strip writers, advertisers, and others who are not on their guard. You should avoid the practice.
二、The Sense of Styles, Steven Pinker (有中譯本《寫作風格的意識》)
Still, a few common errors are so uncontroversial—the run-on sentence, the comma splice, the grocer's apostrophe, the comma between subject and predicate, the possessive it's—that they have become tantamount to the confession “I am illiterate,” and no writer should be caught making them. As I mentioned, the problem with these errors is not that they betray an absence of logical thinking but that they betray a history of inattention to the printed page. In the hope that an ability to distinguish the logical and illogical features of punctuation may help a reader master both, I'll say a few words about the design of the system, highlighting the major bugs that have been locked into it.
可是,有幾個常見錯誤不那麼具爭議性,像連寫句(兩個主句間沒有連接詞或誤用標點)、用逗號連接兩個完整句子、複數名詞誤加撇號、主詞和述語之間誤加逗號,以及屬格誤加撇號(例如it’s〔它的〕),假如連這些都用錯了,恐怕就稱不上是個讀書識字的人,任何作者不容許在這裡犯錯。像我曾說的,犯上這種錯誤,問題不在於欠缺邏輯思考,而是對書面文字的歷史漠不關心。我期望能把標點的邏輯與非邏輯元素分開,讓讀者兩者都能掌握;我會談一下標點系統的設計,指出隱藏在系統中的一些缺失。 (江先聲譯)
同時也有10000部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過2,910的網紅コバにゃんチャンネル,也在其Youtube影片中提到,...
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這種逗號不如餵給熊貓吃掉吧!
范范真是「好範兒」,另一個事業巔峰就是為台灣大眾示範了好何謂言多必失。她日前顯然本想藉著撂英文顯示高尚以博得同情,哪知不自量力的低級英文一po出,成為負面示範,刺激全民探討英文、重拾學英文的樂趣。截圖是 Dub & Ko Language Services(來源:臉書)提供批改范瑋琪英文的範例,造成大轟動,雖然轟動的背後難免有政治立場煽風點火,但就學習語言來說,仍也是極佳的學習範例。祝這個抓緊時事脈動的英文改寫和翻譯服務事業蒸蒸日上。不過,有一個英文寫作規則必須指出。最後一句的改寫:
She who talks much, errs much.
這在今天已經不是好的英文,絕對會被英文編輯和老師視為錯誤。去掉逗點就好了。句子主詞與述詞之間的逗點,歷史上曾經出現,那是至少200年前的寫法,今日不宜,除非你是在直接引述古人的英語,否則請注意不得加逗號,無論主詞多麼長。
以下直接引述兩本權威用法指南供參:
一、Webster's Dictionary of English Usage (1989) 262頁
Comma between subject and predicate.
It is no longer cricket 〔按:n. 正人君子之舉;合度的行為〕 to separate the subject and predicate with punctuation. “How,” asks Simon 1980 rhetorically, “can one possibly separate the subject... from the predicate ... by a comma?” The comma between subject and predicate is an old convention that has fallen into disuse and disfavor. It was common in the 18th century:
What Methods they will take, is not for me to prescribe —Jonathan Swift, “A Proposal for Correcting, Improving and Ascertaining the English Tongue,” 1712
The words for all that, seem too low —Murray 1795
The first thing to be studied here, is grammatical propriety —Murray 1795
This comma is now universally frowned on and tends to be found only as a vice of comic-strip writers, advertisers, and others who are not on their guard. You should avoid the practice.
二、The Sense of Styles, Steven Pinker (有中譯本《寫作風格的意識》)
Still, a few common errors are so uncontroversial—the run-on sentence, the comma splice, the grocer's apostrophe, the comma between subject and predicate, the possessive it's—that they have become tantamount to the confession “I am illiterate,” and no writer should be caught making them. As I mentioned, the problem with these errors is not that they betray an absence of logical thinking but that they betray a history of inattention to the printed page. In the hope that an ability to distinguish the logical and illogical features of punctuation may help a reader master both, I'll say a few words about the design of the system, highlighting the major bugs that have been locked into it.
可是,有幾個常見錯誤不那麼具爭議性,像連寫句(兩個主句間沒有連接詞或誤用標點)、用逗號連接兩個完整句子、複數名詞誤加撇號、主詞和述語之間誤加逗號,以及屬格誤加撇號(例如it’s〔它的〕),假如連這些都用錯了,恐怕就稱不上是個讀書識字的人,任何作者不容許在這裡犯錯。像我曾說的,犯上這種錯誤,問題不在於欠缺邏輯思考,而是對書面文字的歷史漠不關心。我期望能把標點的邏輯與非邏輯元素分開,讓讀者兩者都能掌握;我會談一下標點系統的設計,指出隱藏在系統中的一些缺失。 (江先聲譯)
as mentioned用法 在 Eric's English Lounge Facebook 的最佳貼文
[詞彙區別] 同學們,在寫學術文章的時候是不是很難區分thus, therefore, hence?
雖然這幾個字都是副詞,字義上也大致被認為是「所以」,可是用法卻有細膩的區別。
★★★★Thus★★★★
1. Thus 的意思是「以這樣的方式」或「藉由如此」。
“Thus” means “in this/that way.” It relates to “HOW” - the manner in which - how something happens or comes about.
E.g. The university has drastically lowered its tuition, thus (in this way) allowing many more people the chance of higher education.
2. Thus 另外一個意思是「因此」或「於是」。
“Thus” also means as a result of something just mentioned. It, when used as a conjunctive adverb, is similar in meaning to “therefore.”
E.g. It has been discovered that using scents can trigger the sensations of love, comfort, and happiness. Thus, the sense of smell can be used as strategy to invoke new responses in consumers.
3. Thus far 的意思則是「到目前為止 」或「迄今」。
E.g. He has invested $ 12 million thus far. He will most likely invest more in the future.
★★★★Therefore★★★★
1. Therefore的意思是「出於某個原因」、「因為某個因素」或「建立在某個基礎上」。
Therefore 前面的句子提供了證據支持某個結論,而該結論將出現在下一個含有 therefore的句子中。Therefore在數學證明中是常見的。
“Therefore” means “for this reason,” or “because of this or that” - it relates to deductive reasoning, it tells WHY this or that is so, or happened.
E.g. He was late and therefore (for this reason) missed the bus.
E.g. There are frequent rock slides in that area. Therefore, no one is allowed to enter.
★★★★Hence★★★★
1. Hence意思是「 因此」或「 導致」,字義是跟therefore相同,但用法不同。
We suspect that the agency is trying to hide something, hence the need for an independent inquiry.
在這邊hence後面並非連接子句,而是接名詞片語!
2. Hence 在正式(科學)的文章可以當轉折詞,意思仍然是「 因此」。
The cost of transport is a major expense for an industry. Hence(,) factory location is an important consideration.
這邊逗號在正式寫作常省略掉。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
這三個字都有共同點,所以同學自然在使用時容易混淆,而且大部分母語者也分不太清楚這三者間的差異。但是同學在學術寫作時還是必須選擇適當的詞彙,才能精準表達自己的想法及觀點。若用字上不夠明確,很容易誤導讀者而失去原先欲傳遞的訊息。
建議同學還是要分清楚這三字細微的區別才能更精準、有效、流暢地呈現文章的要點間的連貫。
詞彙區別:http://goo.gl/xnhtQg
★★★★★★★★★★★★
Sources:
https://painintheenglish.com/case/4452/
https://goo.gl/s5VRv7
https://www.ldoceonline.com/
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/
https://corpus.byu.edu/coca/
https://jakubmarian.com/so-thus-therefore-and-hence-in-english/
as mentioned用法 在 準關代as 用法(As reported/stated) - YouTube 的推薦與評價
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