關於 buying power美股 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

🌻另一個Zoom會議(第二次貼......有補上一些內容)
繼上次的年報導讀會議後, 讓我們再做另一個會議! 這次很榮幸邀請到一位對估值很有見解的股友前輩來帶大家了解估值(恩, 這次我會是主持人, 不是主講人).
主題: 估值(valuation)分享會(Cat: 這不算基礎的估值會議)
主講人: 小揚(from安泰價值投資)
https://www.facebook.com/antaiinvestment　(此為小揚的粉絲頁)
參與者: 具基本估值能力. 若打算參加者, 請事先跟我(請私訊)提出一個關於估值的case study, 到時候可在會議中分享(最好是以投影片形式呈現, 這樣到時候好跟大家分享). 若有估值的問題, 也可以提出.
Case study可以是美股, 也可以是台股.
時間: 台灣時間07/10 (周六)晚間９點.
預計一個小時(不會像上次那樣冗長了😅): 前30分鐘由小揚做分享, 後30分鐘大家分享估值案例&提問
進行方式: 以Zoom進行(之後會私訊會議資訊給參與者)

🌻Morgan Stanley Mid-year Investor Outlook: A tricky transition

https://www.morganstanley.com/ideas/midyear-2021-global-markets-outlook

🌻在您投資生涯中, 有沒有一些觀念讓您受用很多?
下面這位投資名人的好觀念影響我很深. 他的意思是, 一般投資人, 只要能説出三個買一家公司的理由, 就很夠了. 這也迫使我, 每次在買股票時, 問自己對這家公司的了解有多少. 也會去衡量公司的優點與缺點在哪裡.

"It is vital (重要的) that you know what you own, that if I asked you on the street why you like a certain stock, you can give me three reasons. If you don't know how they make their money, who their key clients are and what they make if, then I will tell you that you are over your head and should not own individual stocks."

全文在此:
Jim Cramer: In Times Like This, Go for the Easy Money
Look at the stocks you own. Can you tell me why you've got them? If you can't answer the following three questions, then have a look at several I like right now.

We've endured the meme stock craziness, with all of its love for heavily shorted stocks. We have watched the collapse of bitcoin to levels viewed as shocking, even if they are still more than double where they were not that long ago. We've dealt with Fed officials making it clear that they are no longer on the side of the bulls or the bears. They are on the side of job growth, but are wary of inflation. We've seen the end of the rush to get vaccines, which means that millions of people are going to get the new COVID variant, because there is no natural immunity to it. We've watched as the hopes for an infrastructure bill have collapsed. We've endured shortages of everything from chips to plastic to imported goods and labor.

And we're still standing, yeah, yeah, yeah.

Yep, we are in one of those halcyon moments, where the masks are off -- even if they shouldn't be -- and Americans are back doing what they do best: consume, spend, go out to eat and then consume and spend some more.

There are times in the stock market where the collective mindset is revealed. This is one of those times: Things are cool, it's not a big moment, there's no real news for a bit, it's the historically strong period and we can reach some conclusions about where we are.

When things are like this, it is important to remember that buyers like to revert to tried-and-true companies that thrive no matter what. These are companies that have an edge and are better at what they do than other companies.

You know that I am a great believer in index funds, that the average person doesn't have the time or the inclination to research individual stocks. It's a difficult barrier. I think you need to make time to read the quarterly report and listen to the conference call, to Google articles and, if possible, get some research about the companies you own. It is vital that you know what you own, that if I asked you on the street why you like a certain stock, you can give me three reasons. If you don't know how they make their money, who their key clients are and what they make if, then I will tell you that you are over your head and should not own individual stocks. I am reminded by this, because, once again, without a mask, I can be recognized and if I am not holding "Nvidia the Second," I can carry on a conversation.

I have had many in the last two weeks and when I have asked this litany of questions, I find myself at a loss as to why almost no one knew what they owned. But they thirsted for individual stocks, because they, like me, think things are better post pandemic. No, that's not a facetious comment. Many, many stocks did better with a stay-at-home economy. A huge number.

So what do I do? I revert to what others do when you are stumped about how to stay in touch with stocks, but want to do less homework. That means buying stocks that are accessible, not stocks like Unity (U) or Snowflake (SNOW) or Twilio (TWLO) or Okta (OKTA) .

I revert to normal businesses people know and I suggest they Google some articles, peruse the conference call, but, above all, like the company's products so you can buy more if it goes down.

Here's some that I have been telling people I like:

First is Ford (F) . I think the Ford lineup is amazing. The electric F-150 series will be incredible. I am eager to get a Maverick for my family, because it is a smaller pickup that will get the job done for the myriad little things I need to do with this farm I bought from that crazy bitcoin foray. I like the competitive edge of the CEO, who says he is going to bury Elon Musk when the Lightning comes out. I even think the Bronco is cool as all get out. Most important, though? I think the chip shortage is ending. My semiconductor friends are telling me the foundries are producing more feature-rich chips and that means Ford can pump out the trucks small business people love and need. Plus, the used car prices at last have plateaued, according to their most important pricing index. Halcyon times.

Second, Costco (COST) : The samples are coming back. Tell me you don't love the samples. You need things in bulk. You want low prices. You want to get all of the things that people don't think of with Costco, like insurance, hearing-aids -- hey, they are a fortune -- jewelry, things around the house. You go and you will buy far more than you first came for. My kind of store.

The kids love this American Eagle Outfitters (AEO) , which we just bought for my charitable trust, which you can follow along by joining the Action Alerts PLUS club. Jay Schottenstein, the CEO, came on "Mad Money" recently and it's clear that his Aerie model has real staying power: 26 consecutive quarters of double digit growth. No flash in the pan, that one. Number one brand in jeans for the 15 to 25 year old group. The best in the mall. How did I know this? I see the credit card bills.

I got up this morning to do my physical therapy. I have been doing it ever since I hurt my back in February. I have this really cool pair of sneakers that fit me perfectly and I love them, but I am fortunate enough to have a vacation house and I am always taking those shoes with me.

So I went on Amazon (AMZN) this morning and lo and behold I saw them for half price. I bought two pairs. Then I went over everything I have bought in the last year and got a bunch of those things. Then I bought a pair of binoculars, because mine were stolen. I paid half price.

Yep, Amazon's universal. I was talking to Alexa, while I was ordering, getting some new music on, asking questions. I saw that despite all of the Sturm und Drang of Amazon being late with things, all the delivery dates were within range. I didn't click on any ads, and I didn't need the speed of Web Services, but the whole thing reminded me about how special the darned company is. I don't care if it's ahead or behind plan for the moment. I would just buy some more when it goes down.

Finally, Apple (AAPL) . I think people who don't own Apple should look what they are holding at this very moment. Yes, right now. Or look at what's in your lap or on the table besides your fork. And then think about the bill you paid last night without knowing it. Think about what you bought in the App store yesterday. Think about what would happen if it would break or get stolen or, left in the Uber (UBER) , or heaven forbid, be dropped into the pool or in the, yes, toilet.

There, that's what you buy in halcyon times. Stocks of companies you know that if they go lower, because things get less halcyon, you are fine with it and buy more. If things go up, believe me, you will participate.

So accept the moment. Don't try for the hard money. Go for the easy kind. That's the best kind.

https://realmoney.thestreet.com/jim-cramer/jim-cramer--15692051

Picture: 牡丹(peony)花開. 恨不得院子裡有一塊地是牡丹園.

[時事英文] 散戶牛市 🐂💰

Is it investing or just gambling?

這到底是投資還是賭博呢?

★★★★★★★★★★★★

It’s one of the year’s biggest market stories: Mom-and-pop investors have fallen back in love with stocks, lured by free trading apps, a resurgent bull market led by technology companies and a pandemic that has left millions of Americans at home with little to do.

New data show a number of ways in which the individual-trading boom has reshaped the U.S. stock market. Here are five takeaways:

1. mom-and-pop investors 散戶、小型投資者
2. fall in love with 愛上
3. free trading apps 免費交易應用程式
4. resurgent 復興的；再次增長的；再度流行的
5. a bull market 牛市 (當某一市場、行業或金融工具呈上升趨勢時，通常稱之為牛市。)
6. little to do 無事可做
7. reshape 重塑

這是今年最大的市場熱點之一：在免費交易應用程式和科技公司引領的牛市重新抬頭的誘惑下，加上數以百萬計美國人因新冠大流行而在家無所事事，散戶重新愛上了股市。新的數據顯示散戶交易熱潮在多個方面重塑了美國股市。以下是五個要點:

★★★★★★★★★★★★

🐂 1. Individual stock trading is at a decade high 💰

個人股票交易達到了十年來的最高點

Trading by individuals accounts for a greater chunk of market activity than at any time during the past 10 years, according to Larry Tabb, head of market-structure research at Bloomberg Intelligence. During the first six months of this year, individual investors accounted for 19.5% of the shares traded in the U.S stock market, up from 14.9% last year and nearly double the level from 2010, Mr. Tabb estimates.

8. account for (sth) （在數量上）佔 ; 解釋、說明 ; 對...負有責任
9. a chunk of 一部分；（尤指）大部分，一大塊
10. market activity 市場活動

Bloomberg Intelligence市場結構研究主管Larry Tabb表示，個人交易在市場活動中的佔比超過了過去10年的任何時候。Tabb估計，今年前六個月，散戶投資者在美國股市交易量中的佔比為19.5%，高於去年的14.9%，是2010年水平的近兩倍。他的數據沒有進一步向前追溯。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

🐂 2. Small investors are powering big moves in some stocks 💰

小型投資者正在推動一些股票的大幅波動

It has been called the Robinhood effect, the idea that stampedes of investors using the popular app are driving irrational stock moves.

In fact, such activity doesn’t matter much for most stocks, according to Nick Maggiulli, chief operating officer of Ritholtz Wealth Management. But there is evidence of a Robinhood effect in some smaller stocks, he said.

11. power (v.) 為…提供動力，驅動
12. big moves 大幅波動
13. stampede （尤指獸群或人群因恐懼引發的）狂奔；奔逃，蜂擁
(這裡指散戶湧入股市)
14. drive irrational stock moves 驅動非理性股市走勢

這被稱為羅賓漢效應，這種觀點認為，使用這種廣受歡迎的應用程式的投資者紛紛湧入市場，正在推動非理性的股票走勢。

資產管理機構Ritholtz Wealth Management首席營運官Nick Maggiulli表示，事實上，對於大多數股票來說這些活動無關緊要。但他表示，有證據表明，一些較小型股票存在羅賓漢效應。
★★★★★★★★★★★★

🐂 3. Asia is where individual investors truly dominate 💰

在亞洲股市，散戶是真正的主力軍

Many Asian stock markets have traditionally been dominated by individual investors, unlike the institution-heavy U.S. market. In places such as mainland China, frenzied trading by individuals can create a casino-like feel, with exuberant bull runs followed by spectacular crashes.

Individuals often account for more than 80% of volume on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, while on the Korea Exchange’s main Kospi market, nearly 84% of shares traded so far this year were on behalf of individual investors, according to data compiled by Hee-Joon Ahn, a finance professor at Sungkyunkwan University in Seoul.

15. be dominated by 由…所主導
16. individual investors 個人投資者
17. frenzied trading 狂熱交易
18. bull runs 行情
19. on behalf of 代表
20. data that is compiled by 由…整理的數據

不同於以機構投資者為主的美國股市，許多亞洲股市向來由個人投資者所主導。在中國A股等亞洲股市，散戶的狂熱交易會營造出賭場般的感覺，有時股市會牛氣沖天，隨後大幅跳水。

首爾成均館大學(Sungkyunkwan University)金融學教授Hee-Joon Ahn整理的數據顯示，在上海證券交易所，散戶的股票交易量通常佔到80%以上；在韓國證券交易所主要的Kospi市場，今年以來，有近84%的股票交易是代表個人投資者進行的。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

🐂 4. More of the U.S. stock market is going dark 💰

美股暗盤交易量上升

The individual-investing boom has led to historically high levels of “dark” trading, in which stocks are bought and sold on opaque private venues, rather than public exchanges. That is because online brokers typically funnel small investors’ trades to electronic-trading firms that execute the incoming orders.

In July, 43.2% of U.S. stock-trading volume took place off-exchange, according to Rosenblatt Securities, a brokerage firm. That is the highest level that the firm has recorded since it started tracking such data in 2008.

21. investing boom 投資熱潮
22. historically high levels of 歷史高位
23. “dark” trading 暗盤 (暗盤是指大利市機以外的股份交易買賣。 由於當中的買賣並不曝露於大眾之前，不會經證交所披露其中內容，所以這些買賣被稱之為暗盤。)

24. opaque 不透明的；不透光的
25. private venues 非公開場所
26. public exchanges 公開的交投
27. brokerage firm 證券商

個人投資熱潮已經導致股票暗盤交易量達到歷史高位，這種交易指的是股票在不透明的非公開場所買賣，而不是在公開的交易所進行交投。出現這種現象的原因是，在線經紀商通常會將小型投資者的交易單交給執行指令的電子交易公司。

據券商Rosenblatt Securities提供的數據，7月份，美國有43.2%的股票交易量發生在交易所外。這是該公司自2008年開始跟蹤此類數據以來所記錄到的最高水平。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

🐂 5. Big winners may be electronic traders 💰

大贏家可能是電子交易公司

The firms that execute individual investors’ orders have enjoyed surging volumes. The three biggest players in that business—Citadel Securities, Virtu Financial Inc. and Susquehanna International Group LLP—traded a combined 69.4 billion shares over the counter in June, more than triple the level from November, according to Bloomberg Intelligence. The vast majority of the firms’ over-the-counter trades come from individual investors. OTC trading is a type of off-exchange trading.

Electronic-trading firms profit from individuals’ trades by collecting a small difference between the buying and selling prices of a stock. It’s hard to know how much money they are making, though, because most are private and don’t report financials.

28. big winners 大贏家
29. surging volumes 交易量大幅上升
30. the biggest players 巨頭 ; 主要參與者；主力
31. according to 根據
32. the vast majority of 絕大多數
33. over-the-counter trades 場外交易 (場外交易是指證券投資機構之間不通過股票交易所，而以電話、電傳等方式相互進行的股票交易。)

為散戶執行交易指令的公司交易量大幅上升。據Bloomberg Intelligence的數據，這一領域的三巨頭是Citadel Securities、Virtu Financial Inc.和海納國際集團(Susquehanna International Group) ，6月份的場外交易總量為694億股，是去年11月的三倍多。這些公司的絕大多數場外交易來自散戶投資者。

電子交易公司通過收取股票買賣之間的微小差價從個人交易中獲利。不過，很難知道這些公司到底賺了多少錢，因為大多數公司都未上市，也不披露財務報告。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

What are some problems this phenomenon might cause? Benefits?

本現象將帶來什麼樣的問題？其利益呢?

《華爾街日報》完整內容：https://on.wsj.com/34TiE5V
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★

📰 華爾街日報訂閱方案: https://bit.ly/39ULVh1

🎓 華爾街日報獎助學金計畫 (A20): https://bit.ly/2C2tUAI

★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
時事英文講義：https://bit.ly/2XmRYXc

Text to speech reader (文字轉音檔):
https://www.naturalreaders.com/online/