<3 俐媽英文教室：鼻噴劑篇
大熱天吹太多冷氣也是會過敏的😫😰😱😷......噴個噴劑，也順便學點英文吧！
<3 meter (v.) 計量供給
<3 spray (n.)(v.) 噴灑
<3 aqueous (a.) 水狀的
字根：aqua-: water (e.g. Aquarius, aquarium, aquatic, aqueduct...)
<3 nasal (a.) 鼻子的
片：nasal cavity (n.) 鼻腔
比：oral (a.) 口的 (oral cavity 口腔)
<3 daily (a.) 每日的
片：daily life 日常生活/ daily routine 例行公事
<3 scent (n.) 香味
衍：scented (a.) 有香味的
<3 dose (n.) (藥物)一劑
衍：dosage (n.) 劑量/ overdose (n.)(v.) 服藥過量
比：dote (v.) 溺愛(+ on N)
<3 manufacture (v.) 製造
衍：manufacturer (n.) 製造商
字根：manu-: hand (e.g. manifest, manual, manumit, manicure, manipulate...)
<3 authority (n.) 權威
片：the authority concerned 有關當局
衍：authorize (v.) 授權/ author (n.) 作者
<3 corporation (n.) 公司
比：cooperation (n.) 合作
衍：corporate (a.) 法人組織的/ incorporate (v.) 融入
<3 deliver (v.) 遞送；接生；發表
片：deliver a speech 發表演說
衍：delivery (n.) 遞送；接生；發表
<3 equivalent (n.)(a.) 相等的(+ to N)
字根：equa-: equal (e.g. equal, equivocal, equation, Equator, equilibrium...)
字根：val-: strong (e.g. available, prevail, value, valid, valiant, evaluate...)
<3 preservative (n.) 防腐劑
原：preserve (v.) 保存
衍：preservation (n.)保存
<3 enclose (v.) 包圍；用信封封裝
衍：enclosure (n.) 圍欄；附件
比：disclose (v.) 洩露；透露
<3 leaflet (n.) 單張傳單
<3 precaution (n.) 預防措施
片：take precautions 採取預防措施
原：caution (n.) 小心/ cautious (a.) 謹慎的
<3 contraindications (n.) 禁忌症
原：indicate (v.) 顯示/ indication (n.) 顯示；指示
字首：contra-: against (e.g. contrary, contradict, contravene, contraband...)
<3 pierce (n.) 穿刺
衍：piercing (a.) 刺骨的；穿刺的
<3 applicator (n.) 塗藥器
原：apply (v.) 塗抹；應用；申請；應徵
contrary字根 在 [字彙] 紅寶p.278 - 精華區GRE - 批踢踢實業坊 的推薦與評價
https://xination.pixnet.net/blog/post/23744800
囧rz 有大陸人會來我的blog
untenable:defended＝invulnerable:injured
irascible:placate＝insensate:conscious
irascible <> affable
iridescent <> monochromatic
irk <> make someone pleased
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invoke
in-vok(call)-e [ex. voice]
v.祈求 [to call for with earnest desire; make supplication or pray for]
ps. 你求神顯靈來幫助你的時候，就是用這個字invoke，或是想請個famous person幫
支持你的意見，也可以用invoke
ex. to invoke God to help
v.招換精靈 [To summon with incantations; conjure.]
v.訴諸(法律等) [to declare to be binding or in effect]
ps. invoke xx law 的意思就是援用、訴諸 xx law，
ex. The judge invoked an international law that protects refugees.
v.喚起 [ to cause, call forth]
ex The music invoked memories of my childhood.
這音樂使我想起自己的童年。
invoke <> suspend v.暫停
involuntary
in-volunt(will)-ary
adj.非自願的, [not voluntary; independent of one's will; not by one's own
choice]
ex. an involuntary listener
adj.不受意志控制的 [ Physiology. acting independently of or done or occurring
without volition(意志)]
ex. Sneezing is involuntary.
打噴嚏是不自覺的。
voluntary
volunt(will)-ary
adj.自願的
adj.自發的
volunteer
n.義工
invulnerable
in-vulner(to wound)-able
adj.不會受傷害的; 無懈可擊的 [incapable of being wounded, hurt, or damaged.]
ex. an invulnerable argument
無懈可擊的議論
ex. to establish oneself in an invulnerable position.
字源： L. vulnerā(re) "to wound"
ps.無敵艦隊 = Armada (全名la Armada Invencible)
iodine
n.碘
字源：from Greek ioeidēs"violet-colored" : ion, violet + -oeidēs, -oid
iodine前面的iod是從希臘文的紫色來的
iota
n.極微小量 [a very small quantity]
ex. He's never shown an iota of interest in any kind of social work.
n.希臘語字母第九字 [the ninth letter of the Greek alphabet (I, ι).]
ps. iota是希臘文中最小的字母，所以才會有「極微小量」的意思。
irascible
ira(ire)-sc-ible
adj.易怒的 [easily provoked to anger]
adj. [characterized or produced by anger]
字源：LL īrāscibilis, equiv. to L īrāsc- (s. of īrāscī to grow angry;
equiv. to īr(a) ire + -ā- theme vowel + -sc- inchoative suffix + -ī inf.
ending; see -esce ) + -ibilis -ible
irascible的字根是ira這個字，它就是ire n.anger的意思
補充一下，字典這邊說irasci的字構是由 ir(a) + a + sc
其中a-- theme vowel是在拉丁文的一個特色：功能是發音而加上的
而sc -- inchoative suffix -- 它就是v+ing的ing功能一樣
聯想：其實也可以用rad這個字根來記，rad 是擦去的意思，摩擦就會火氣大~~容易生氣
rad == scrape
erase v.擦掉,抹去
eraser n.橡皮擦
abrade v.擦掉
ire
n.忿怒 [intense anger; wrath.]
ex. I felt pain, and then I felt ire; and then I felt a determination to
subdue her.
我感到痛苦，接著又感到憤怒，最後我下決心要征服她。
(optional) ex. Pain, shame, ire, impatience, disgust, detestation, seemed
momentarily to hold a quivering conflict in the large pupil dilating under
his eyebrow.
痛苦，羞恥，憤怒，煩躁，嫌惡，憎恨，似乎一下子都在他那濃眉下擴大的瞳孔裡顫慄
地衝突起來。
fire n.火
ire n.忿怒
irate
adj.生氣的 [angry; enraged]
ex. irate protesters
ex. An irate phone call.
一個憤怒的電話
聯想：i + rate( 比例,怒斥) 我被一個豬頭長官怒斥，氣死我了
字源： L īrātus ptp. of īrāscī to be angry. 跟irascible是同樣的來源的
gush:effusive＝rage:irate
iridescent
irid(rainbow)-esc-ent
adj.彩虹色的 [displaying a play of lustrous colors like those of the rainbow.]
ex. iridescent bubbles.
字源：irido-是個希臘字根，其意思是rainbow
irk
v.使苦惱, 使厭惡[to irritate, annoy, or exasperate]
ex. It irked him to wait in line.
"What the Irk?"
joke一則：NBA小牛隊的 Dirk因為防守不力，名字就被改成了irk..
irksome
irk-some
adj.使苦惱的, 使厭惡的 [annoying; irritating; exasperating]
ex. irksome restrictions.
ex. She desired a fixed occupation-no matter how onerous, how irksome.
她希望有個固定的職業，不管這個職業多麼繁重，多麼令人厭倦。
ironclad
iron-clad
adj.裝甲的 [covered or cased with iron plates, as a ship for naval warfare]
adj.堅固的、嚴格的 [very rigid or exacting; inflexible; unbreakable]
ex. an ironclad contract
不可動搖的契約
字源：clad的意思是被xx cover的意思，它是 cloth的變化體，比方說 ivy-clad tower
指的是被常春藤包覆的塔
firm:ironclad
irony
n.反諷、諷刺 [the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of
its literal meaning]
ps. 比方說你老闆叫你假日來上班，你說"Oh~ how nice"這就是一個irony
n.出乎意料的結果 [an outcome of events contrary to what was, or might have
been, expected.]
ps. 比方說一向愛遲到的老王，今天居然早到，真是一個irony阿。
你可以用聯想法去記這個字，
在他的冷嘲熱諷下，本來鐵(iron)打的心都變軟了，真是一個諷刺(irony)阿 ...我亂掰
的
(irony的字源跟鐵沒什麼關係)
ironic
adj.反諷的、諷刺的
ex. It's ironic that the weakest student in mathematics was elected class
treasurer.
數學最差的學生竟被選為班級財務幹事,這真是具有諷刺意味。
adj.出乎意料的結果的
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