【為什麼自駕車離我們還那麼遠,而且還要等多久呢?】
那些不論在舊金山或鳳凰城搭過自駕車的朋友,回來跟我分享時,眼睛都像是迸射出火炬般的光亮,有種結合「第一次」的刺激與對科技的崇拜,都說未來一定要有一台。只是這種話聽了幾年了,這個未來,什麼時候能來?
這場仗已經打了15年,你知道是怎麼開始的嗎?
2005年底,#史丹佛大學 研發出了一輛能夠穿越沙漠的自駕車,一往前開就霸氣地走了132英里,#美國國防部高級研究計劃局 立刻頒發200萬美元重賞,從此撩起了技術研發者、供應商、車商和鍍金投資人的各種想像與野心。整個產業鍊大洗牌,有AI、數據能力的研發技術人才在市場上炙手可熱的程度像周杰倫還單身一樣,而且極具魅力的CEO們是如此信任未來的:
剛在上海交付第一批由中國生產的 #tesla #Model3 的馬斯克說過2020年將有100萬輛特斯拉自動駕駛車出租,2022年將在13個城市開展無人駕駛出租車服務、#戴姆勒
Daimler Career 計畫2021年前生產1萬輛自駕車、#通用汽車 計劃今年在舊金山推出自動駕駛車出租、連 #Dyson 都說過他們自己研發的電動車2020就會上市...。這個「都是你在說」的名單很長。事實上情況是,上述預言都沒有發生,而且商業爆發點還沒到,錢已經燒到見骨。Cruise(通用收購的自駕車子公司)一年花掉七億三千萬美元,Uber自駕車部門一年帳單二億四千萬美元,業界領頭羊 Waymo 每年花費超過十億,但大摩根據現金流量折現分析,已經大幅調降他們的估值。
現階段的自駕車,不是商品,更像是四輪移動碎鈔機:
1. #從最直覺的應用面來看,車輛上路前,大量公共道路測試是必要的。每一次測試中,每輛車至少需配備一位安全駕駛員、一位工程師,以及一位控制室監控員,人力成本實在不能省。如今Waymo完成了超過一千六百萬公里的自動駕駛路試,其中投入可想而知;
2. #從最艱澀的技術面來看,鐳達探測技術,一種借助雷達反射而得到精確的相對位置的技術,價格長期居高不下,它是整輛車上最貴而且最重要的部分。以64線雷達為例,售價已經和一輛寶馬7差不多,雷達比車本身還貴,更何況車上還要安裝好幾個來排除下雨、塵蟎、大霧的干擾;還要有圖像傳感器來感知色彩、音檔傳感器來接收應急鳴笛聲...。
3. #從實際的安全層面來看,國際自動機工程師學會(SAE International)為自動駕駛能力制定L1-L5的嚴格標準,L3可以算作自動駕駛,但某些情況下仍需駕駛員接管,L4開始就是全自動的,但極端氣候條件下無法運作,L5是理想中最好的情況,是自駕車世界的迦南美地。但特斯拉只到L3,Waymo在天氣狀況良好碰到一點L4的邊緣,更燒錢的測試還需要持續一段時間。
總總原因加在一起,目前一輛自駕車成本大概是23-25萬美元左右,已經跟 #藍寶堅尼 頂級車款相當了。對於我們這種普通人來說,繃緊皮帶也買不下去。跟所有產品的生命線一樣,炒作的週期再長,題材再多,燒錢再瘋狂,都還是要等待到它經濟合宜的甜蜜點,才是市場上可行的商業商品,不是現在。
真正的合理的推測和預估,不是明天醒來L5的自駕車就載我們到上班或是約會的地方,中途我可以完成雙手打字寫完文章,而是自動駕駛技術的「#獨立功能」一項一項會出現在普通汽車中:盲點監控、巡航控制、車道偏離提醒、識別限速標誌、自動停車。每一個新車湧現的年份都會出現更多新功能。這種從一點一點堆積起來的「部分自駕、部分取代」才是這個十年當中合理的期待。
針對自駕車領域,我們技術研發和市場整合的能力,還遠遠趕不上信任未來盲目的樂觀與野心。
daimler career 在 Scholarship for Vietnamese students Facebook 的最佳貼文
[Germany]_Apply now until April 30: Master in Optics & Photonics in Germany | Karlsruhe School of Optics & Photonics
At the Karlsruhe School of Optics & Photonics (KSOP), the first Graduate School of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) the 2-years Master Program in optical technologies program qualifies you for a career in industry as well as in research. The program is taught in English and graduates with a Bachelor degree in Natural or Engineering Sciences are highly welcome to apply.
Program structure
During the two years of the program, students specialize in one of the five Research Areas of KSOP: Photonic Materials & Devices, Advanced Spectroscopy, Biomedical Photonics, Optical System or Solar Energy.
Scholarships
Each year 40 students start their studies at KSOP. For outstanding students (among the best 10% students of your class), KSOP provides a limited number of scholarships. Besides a scholarship by KSOP, there are various other possibilities for scholarships which you will have to check yourself. Have a look at a list of scholarship providers here.
Industry Network
Part of the concept of KSOP is the preparation for the labour market of the German optical industry. The close cooperation to industry partners is of high value for KSOP students. By gaining experiences in well-known international companies, like Carl Zeiss, Osram or others, via internships or master´s thesis projects, students prepare themselves for their professional path and get in contact with future employers. KSOP offers a lot of events and trainings to open possibilities for students in the German labour market.
Karlsruhe - Hidden Jewel in the Heart of Germany
Karlsruhe is a small city in the south of Germany and has much to offer for an active student life. It is also one of the most dynamic high-tech areas in Europe – several companies such as Bosch, Siemens, Daimler, ABB and Michelin have their production facilities in the so called Technology Region Karlsruhe. The Frankfurt International Airport can be reached within one hour by train. There is also a smaller airport nearby Karlsruhe with airplanes heading to London, Rome or Berlin. You can get an insight into studying at KSOP by watching the movies in our YouTube channel.
Application procedure
The application period is from January until April 30 each year. The earlier you apply, the earlier you will receive a response.
Please check the admission requirements and specific directions regarding the application on our website.
Keyfacts
- 2 years Master Program (MSc degree)
- Specializations: Photonic Materials & Devices, Advanced Spectroscopy,
Biomedical Photonics, Optical Systems, Solar Energy
- Taught in English
- Scholarships available for outstanding applicants
- Industry internship program & networking
- Language courses & Business Knigge training
- Start: Winter term (October) each year
- Application deadline: April 30
If you feel like the KSOP MSc program could be of interest for you, please visit the KSOP website for more information. If you have any further questions, please do not hesitate to contact the MSc Program Manager Miriam Sonnenbichler ([email protected]).
http://ksop.idschools.kit.edu/scholarship_applicants.php