關於 dynasty maps ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

國立故宮博物院和臺南市政府攜手合作，於甫落成的臺南市立圖書館新總館舉辦「藝起冒險–一場始於十七世紀的數位旅程」，本次展覽呼應圖書館及博物館同樣作為文化傳承與維護的寶庫，以讀萬卷書、行萬里路的探索角度，運用人文跨域科技的方式，呈現文化藝術之美。
讓我們來看看其中一件新媒體藝術展件。
The National Palace Museum (NPM) and Tainan Public Library have joined forces to organize the exhibition NPM ArtVenture at the newly-inaugurated New Main Library.The theme is aimed at highlighting the shared role of libraries and museums as receptacles where culture can be transmitted and upheld. This ten-thousand-mile journey will traverse countless book pages and scrolls, combining humanities and technology to showcase the beauty of art and culture.
Let's take a look at the new media artwork.

冒險地圖
　　本區為數位旅程的首站，請冒險家仔細觀察清代南懷仁所繪製的〈坤輿全圖〉(西元1674年)，透過認識世界，踏出探險的第一步吧！
Adventure Map
The section "Adventure Map" is the starting point for this quest. Adventurers need to carefully observe the Kunyu Quantu (Great Universal Map in 1674) from Ferdinand Verbiest in the Qing Dynasty and start the first step in your adventure!
　　本區展陳新媒體藝術作品「南懷仁的坤輿世界」擴增實境(AR)、「坤輿藝境-十七世紀的世界探險」虛擬實境(VR)，以及〈坤輿全圖〉、《坤輿圖說》高品質數位輸出畫，呈現十七世紀人們對於世界的認識及想像。
This area includes the AR-based new media artwork Ferdinand Verbiest's Kunyu Worldview, The Realm of Kunyu—An Adventure into the World of the 17th Century and the replica of the Kunyu Quantu are used as means to integrate real and virtual objects and take visitors on a survey through the physical geography and illustrations of various creatures from the 17th century.
　　仔細看一看，〈坤輿全圖〉上有好多世界各地的動物，展場裡還有古今動物對照翻翻牆，和臺南市立圖書館精選的世界地理書籍，運用多元互動方式，讓今昔文化產生交匯與對話。
Please take a close look! The AR-based Ferdinand Verbiest's Kunyu Worldview including ancient Chinese depictions of what we now call "giraffe", "turkey", "rhinoceros", "lion", and "ostrich". World maps from the collection of Tainan Public Library are also shown in this section alongside interactive exhibits for educational purposes, as to contrast ancient and modern conceptions of animals, as well as enhance understanding on historical maps and relevant records.
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藝起冒險—一場始於十七世紀的數位旅程
【展期】2021/01/02~07/02
【地址】臺南市立圖書館新總館（台南市永康區康橋大道255號）
【展覽時間】週二至週六：09:00-21:00、週日：09:00-17:30（週一、國定假日休館）
https://theme.npm.edu.tw/exh110/npmTainan/

NPM ArtVenture
Dates: 02 JAN 2021~02 JULY 2021
Time: Tuesdays-Saturdays, 9:00 -21:00、Sundays, 9:00-17:30 (Closed on Mondays and National Holidays)
Location: Tainan Public Library (New Main Library)
Address：No. 255, Kangciao Blvd., Yongkang Dist., Tainan City 710038, Taiwan
https://www.npm.gov.tw/en/Article.aspx?sNo=04011591

Jenna Cody :

Is Taiwan a real China?
No, and with the exception of a few intervening decades - here’s the part that’ll surprise you - it never has been.

This’ll blow your mind too: that it never has been doesn’t matter.

So let’s start with what doesn’t actually matter.

Until the 1600s, Taiwan was indigenous. Indigenous Taiwanese are not Chinese, they’re Austronesian. Then it was a Dutch colony (note: I do not say “it was Dutch”, I say it was a Dutch colony). Then it was taken over by Ming loyalists at the end of the Ming dynasty (the Ming loyalists were breakaways, not a part of the new Qing court. Any overlap in Ming rule and Ming loyalist conquest of Taiwan was so brief as to be inconsequential).

Only then, in the late 1600s, was it taken over by the Chinese (Qing). But here’s the thing, it was more like a colony of the Qing, treated as - to use Emma Teng’s wording in Taiwan’s Imagined Geography - a barrier or barricade keeping the ‘real’ Qing China safe. In fact, the Qing didn’t even want Taiwan at first, the emperor called it “a ball of mud beyond the pale of civilization”. Prior to that, and to a great extent at that time, there was no concept on the part of China that Taiwan was Chinese, even though Chinese immigrants began moving to Taiwan under Dutch colonial rule (mostly encouraged by the Dutch, to work as laborers). When the Spanish landed in the north of Taiwan, it was the Dutch, not the Chinese, who kicked them out.

Under Qing colonial rule - and yes, I am choosing my words carefully - China only controlled the Western half of Taiwan. They didn’t even have maps for the eastern half. That’s how uninterested in it they were. I can’t say that the Qing controlled “Taiwan”, they only had power over part of it.

Note that the Qing were Manchu, which at the time of their conquest had not been a part of China: China itself essentially became a Manchu imperial holding, and Taiwan did as well, once they were convinced it was not a “ball of mud” but actually worth taking. Taiwan was not treated the same way as the rest of “Qing China”, and was not administered as a province until (I believe) 1887. So that’s around 200 years of Taiwan being a colony of the Qing.

What happened in the late 19th century to change China’s mind? Japan. A Japanese ship was shipwrecked in eastern Taiwan in the 1870s, and the crew was killed by hostile indigenous people in what is known as the Mudan Incident. A Japanese emissary mission went to China to inquire about what could be done, only to be told that China had no control there and if they went to eastern Taiwan, they did so at their own peril. China had not intended to imply that Taiwan wasn’t theirs, but they did. Japan - and other foreign powers, as France also attempted an invasion - were showing an interest in Taiwan, so China decided to cement its claim, started mapping the entire island, and made it a province.

So, I suppose for a decade or so Taiwan was a part of China. A China that no longer exists.

It remained a province until 1895, when it was ceded to Japan after the (first) Sino-Japanese War. Before that could happen, Taiwan declared itself a Republic, although it was essentially a Qing puppet state (though the history here is interesting - correspondence at the time indicates that the leaders of this ‘Republic of Taiwan’ considered themselves Chinese, and the tiger flag hints at this as well. However, the constitution was a very republican document, not something you’d expect to see in Qing-era China.) That lasted for less than a year, when the Japanese took it by force.

This is important for two reasons - the first is that some interpretations of IR theory state that when a colonial holding is released, it should revert to the state it was in before it was taken as a colony. In this case, that would actually be The Republic of Taiwan, not Qing-era China. Secondly, it puts to rest all notions that there was no Taiwan autonomy movement prior to 1947.

In any case, it would be impossible to revert to its previous state, as the government that controlled it - the Qing empire - no longer exists. The current government of China - the PRC - has never controlled it.

After the Japanese colonial era, there is a whole web of treaties and agreements that do not satisfactorily settle the status of Taiwan. None of them actually do so - those which explicitly state that Taiwan is to be given to the Republic of China (such as the Cairo declaration) are non-binding. Those that are binding do not settle the status of Taiwan (neither the treaty of San Francisco nor the Treaty of Taipei definitively say that Taiwan is a part of China, or even which China it is - the Treaty of Taipei sets out what nationality the Taiwanese are to be considered, but that doesn’t determine territorial claims). Treaty-wise, the status of Taiwan is “undetermined”.

Under more modern interpretations, what a state needs to be a state is…lessee…a contiguous territory, a government, a military, a currency…maybe I’m forgetting something, but Taiwan has all of it. For all intents and purposes it is independent already.

In fact, in the time when all of these agreements were made, the Allied powers weren’t as sure as you might have learned about what to do with Taiwan. They weren’t a big fan of Chiang Kai-shek, didn’t want it to go Communist, and discussed an Allied trusteeship (which would have led to independence) or backing local autonomy movements (which did exist). That it became what it did - “the ROC” but not China - was an accident (as Hsiao-ting Lin lays out in Accidental State).

In fact, the KMT knew this, and at the time the foreign minister (George Yeh) stated something to the effect that they were aware they were ‘squatters’ in Taiwan.

Since then, it’s true that the ROC claims to be the rightful government of Taiwan, however, that hardly matters when considering the future of Taiwan simply because they have no choice. To divest themselves of all such claims (and, presumably, change their name) would be considered by the PRC to be a declaration of formal independence. So that they have not done so is not a sign that they wish to retain the claim, merely that they wish to avoid a war.

It’s also true that most Taiwanese are ethnically “Han” (alongside indigenous and Hakka, although Hakka are, according to many, technically Han…but I don’t think that’s relevant here). But biology is not destiny: what ethnicity someone is shouldn’t determine what government they must be ruled by.

Through all of this, the Taiwanese have evolved their own culture, identity and sense of history. They are diverse in a way unique to Taiwan, having been a part of Austronesian and later Hoklo trade routes through Southeast Asia for millenia. Now, one in five (I’ve heard one in four, actually) Taiwanese children has a foreign parent. The Taiwanese language (which is not Mandarin - that’s a KMT transplant language forced on Taiwanese) is gaining popularity as people discover their history. Visiting Taiwan and China, it is clear where the cultural differences are, not least in terms of civic engagement. This morning, a group of legislators were removed after a weekend-long pro-labor hunger strike in front of the presidential palace. They were not arrested and will not be. Right now, a group of pro-labor protesters is lying down on the tracks at Taipei Main Station to protest the new labor law amendments.

This would never be allowed in China, but Taiwanese take it as a fiercely-guarded basic right.

*

Now, as I said, none of this matters.

What matters is self-determination. If you believe in democracy, you believe that every state (and Taiwan does fit the definition of a state) that wants to be democratic - that already is democratic and wishes to remain that way - has the right to self-determination. In fact, every nation does. You cannot be pro-democracy and also believe that it is acceptable to deprive people of this right, especially if they already have it.

Taiwan is already a democracy. That means it has the right to determine its own future. Period.

Even under the ROC, Taiwan was not allowed to determine its future. The KMT just arrived from China and claimed it. The Taiwanese were never asked if they consented. What do we call it when a foreign government arrives in land they had not previously governed and declares itself the legitimate governing power of that land without the consent of the local people? We call that colonialism.

Under this definition, the ROC can also be said to be a colonial power in Taiwan. They forced Mandarin - previously not a language native to Taiwan - onto the people, taught Chinese history, geography and culture, and insisted that the Taiwanese learn they were Chinese - not Taiwanese (and certainly not Japanese). This was forced on them. It was not chosen. Some, for awhile, swallowed it. Many didn’t. The independence movement only grew, and truly blossomed after democratization - something the Taiwanese fought for and won, not something handed to them by the KMT.

So what matters is what the Taiwanese want, not what the ROC is forced to claim. I cannot stress this enough - if you do not believe Taiwan has the right to this, you do not believe in democracy.

And poll after poll shows it: Taiwanese identify more as Taiwanese than Chinese (those who identify as both primarily identify as Taiwanese, just as I identify as American and Armenian, but primarily as American. Armenian is merely my ethnicity). They overwhelmingly support not unifying with China. The vast majority who support the status quo support one that leads to eventual de jure independence, not unification. The status quo is not - and cannot be - an endgame (if only because China has declared so, but also because it is untenable). Less than 10% want unification. Only a small number (a very small minority) would countenance unification in the future…even if China were to democratize.

The issue isn’t the incompatibility of the systems - it’s that the Taiwanese fundamentally do not see themselves as Chinese.

A change in China’s system won’t change that. It’s not an ethnic nationalism - there is no ethnic argument for Taiwan (or any nation - didn’t we learn in the 20th century what ethnicity-based nation-building leads to? Nothing good). It’s not a jingoistic or xenophobic nationalism - Taiwanese know that to be dangerous. It’s a nationalism based on shared identity, culture, history and civics. The healthiest kind of nationalism there is. Taiwan exists because the Taiwanese identify with it. Period.

There are debates about how long the status quo should go on, and what we should risk to insist on formal recognition. However, the question of whether or not to be Taiwan, not China…

…well, that’s already settled.

The Taiwanese have spoken and they are not Chinese.

Whatever y’all think about that doesn’t matter. That’s what they want, and if you believe in self-determination you will respect it.

If you don’t, good luck with your authoritarian nonsense, but Taiwan wants nothing to do with it.

Haishenwai and Hong Kong (Lee Yee)

July 1, on the day of the 23rd anniversary of the Handover of Hong Kong’s sovereignty, the Hong Kong National Law was promulgated.

July 2, the Russian Embassy in China published an article and a promotional video on its official Weibo to commemorate the 160th anniversary of the founding of Vladivostok. The article explained that Vladivostok means “ruling the East”.

During the Qing Dynasty, this city was called Haishenwai. It sits at the junction of Russia, China, and Korea. Facing the sea on three sides, this is a nonfreezing port. Since the Tang Dynasty, Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming, and Qing all had jurisdiction over this city. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was called Yongming City [literal translation in English was the City of Eternal Light]. In the Qing Dynasty, it was renamed to Haishenwai. Its port was opened even before Hong Kong, and was a location with much more geographical significance than Hong Kong.

Russia’s acquisition of Haishenwai in 1860 was made possible through extortion during the Anglo-French defeat of China, also known as the Second Opium War. The defeat of the Qing Dynasty led to the signing of Convention of Peking that consisted of treaties between the British and the Chinese, and the French and the Chinese respectively. Seeing the opportunity, Russia insisted that it helped in mediation, and asked that the treaty between the Russian and the Chinese be signed as well. Britain, with the treaty, took the Kowloon Peninsula. Russia, however, wanted more. It asked that the Convention of Peking not only recognize the validity of the 1858 Treaty of Aigun, but to designate the 400,000 square kilometers of Sino-Russia co-governed land, from the east of the Ussuri River to the sea (including Haishenwai), all to the sole sovereignty of Russia.

There have been several border talks with the Soviet Union and Russia since the establishment of the CCP, the last of which was an agreement between the Chinese and Russian foreign ministers in Vladivostok to determine the border covering thousands of kilometers between the two countries. It was an equivalent of China recognizing the Nebuchu Treaty, the Treaty of Aigun, the Convention of Peking, the Treaty of Tarbagatai and the land occupied by Russia in 1900, totaling 1.44 million square kilometers of land that is about 1360 Hong Kong. In the past, the city of Vladivostok came with “Haishenwai” in parentheses on Chinese maps. Now the parenthesis are gone.

The Russian Embassy in China’s commemoration of the 160th anniversary of the founding of Vladivostok on China’s Weibo, and the claim that it meant “ruling the East” were like a huge slap on the faces of mainland netizens who have long been bathing in patriotism. It started a wave of online anti-Russia sentiments. The typical mentality and rhetoric of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson would be that Russia is “deliberately provoking” and “seriously hurting the feelings of the Chinese people”. Yet, this time, China has been silent.

In view of the turbulence on the Internet, Global Times’ editor-in-chief, Hu Xijin, posted on Weibo to put out the fire. He admitted that the Russians have not been respectful of the Chinese public, but the fact is that Vladivostok belongs to Russia, and said that “Us Chinese must accept this”. He cautioned that pro-America camps have been using the native land nostalgia of the Chinese to incite hatred towards Russia.

Yet haven’t the CCP been indoctrinating the native land nostalgia all along? Isn’t the hatred for Russia incited by the Russian Embassy’s Weibo? How are these related to the pro-America camps?

In the same 1860 Convention of Peking, while Britain handed over a prosperous international financial center to China after 130 years, Russia is celebrating 160 years of “ruling the East”. After the enactment of the National Security Law in Hong Kong, China condemned Britain’s new BNO policy, but expressed the “need to accept” to the Russian occupation and “slap in the face”.

The ideological foundation of the National Security Law is “without a country, there’s no home”, to promote “patriotism” and to punish “betrayal”. But where comes the rights for us commoners to betray the country? My late literary friend, Xiao Tong, said, “Give me 5 cents and I’ll sell you the country.” For something that is not yours, you have no right to sell it, nor the right to love it.

ご視聴ありがとうございます！
撮影日　2019月5月

【働く主婦の香港Vlog④】食べ歩き！世界一高いホテルでアフタヌーンティー♡/絶品エッグタルト/日本でも人気の中華店/香港を代表する名門ホテルを散歩♪/まーちトラベル旅Vlog

2日目の後半の様子です。
今回もいっぱい食べ歩きします♪

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この頃使っていたカメラが・・料理の映像が暗いですね。色合いも良くなくてすみません(^-^)

■香港vlog リスト / Hong Kong Vlog List
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoEdk_5DpZW53jhenMQWY5fGB33GooV9f

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少しでも楽しんで頂けましたら
グッドボタン、チャンネル登録もお願いします♪

▶️ まーちトラベル / March Travel
チャンネル登録はコチラ✨
↓
Subscribe to my channel!
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ-Inp-iyxXkZLQcSiCB1oA

▶️ インスタグラムはコチラ✨↓
Instagram : march_springs

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■自己紹介
はじめまして！
まーちトラベルMarch Travelです。

ひたすら働き、たまに旅に出ます。
年齢はオトナですけど、たいてい珍道中な感じの、ゆる旅です♪

コメント、旅の情報交換、楽しみにしてますね(*^-^*)

仕事の関係で時間が取れず、だいぶ遅れて投稿することが多いんですけど
、なるべく最新の情報もアップできるように頑張っています！

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お邪魔したところ

◇エッグタルトが美味しかったお店
澳門茶餐廳 尖沙咀 Macau Restaurant

◇日本にも支店がある中華レストラン「糖朝」
糖朝/The Sweet Dynasty

◇ザ・リッツカールトン香港
THE RITZ-CARLTON HONG KONG
https://g.page/the-ritz-carlton-hong-kong?share

◇アフタヌーンティー
ザ・ラウンジ&バー（ザ・リッツカールトン香港）
THE LOUNGE & BAR / Level 102


◇チムサーチョイ プロムナード (尖沙咀海濱長廊)
Tsim Sha Tsui Promenade
https://goo.gl/maps/adkowBG5MPXB5tkGA

◇The Peninsula Hong Kong
ザ ペニンシュラ 香港(半島酒店)
https://goo.gl/maps/DbVwWU35t8G7kNCJ6

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■人気動画 /　March Travelまーちトラベル

【オトナの修学旅行inソウル1】JALに乗って韓国へ / 電車でビックリ！ / やっぱり美容に良い料理♪ Seoul Korea Vlog1 / March Travel まーちトラベルの旅動画
https://youtu.be/gagN1gsFhtM


【豪華な会員制ホテル】箱根旅♪「エクシブ箱根離宮」非日常の始まりです！Japanese membership hotel VIV Hakone Rikyu
https://youtu.be/Z364V9RpSok


【ハワイアン航空 ビジネスクラス搭乗記】ちょっとお得に♪ホノルル→成田 Hawaiian Airlines Business Class＜まーちトラベル/March Travel＞
https://youtu.be/JxBd6kuamjs


憧れのシベリア鉄道！＜前半＞人生初の寝台列車に乗ってみた♪【初ロシア旅Vol.10】Siberian Railway First Class
https://youtu.be/tZBn0D3B8fs

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■使用音楽 Music
https://soundcloud.com/discover

◇lukrembo/mug
https://soundcloud.com/lukrembo/mug

◇lukrembo/rainy-day
https://soundcloud.com/lukrembo/rainy-day

◇lukrembo/kitchen
https://soundcloud.com/lukrembo/kitchen

#香港　#アフタヌーンティー　#hongkong #afternoontea