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#魯曼洗腦句
#解封
#此封非彼封
解封 => lift lockdowns
lift在此為動詞，較常見的字義為「抬起；舉高」，不過也有「解除」之意，通常後面可接 ban（禁令）、 restrictions（限制）等名詞。
「解封」的英文也可使用reopen，是「重新開啟」之意。除了禁令限制的解除外，限制的「鬆綁」也有許多動詞可用，
如to ease / relax / loosen the lockdown / restrictions
（放寬限制）。
「微解封」的英文怎麼說？
最近有蠻多同學寫信來詢問這個問題。
📌 首先，這是ＣＤＣ對「微解封」的聲明：
網傳「三級警戒微解封的不可思議之處」指揮中心：原同住家人就不受限制，謠言邏輯誤導且比喻失當，請勿輕信轉傳，造成防疫困擾。
完整公告請參考：https://bit.ly/3wHPQHT
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好，回到主題。
首先，我們知道解除疫情封鎖的英文是「lift COVID-19 restrictions」。
📌 lift (v.) 解除 （封鎖⋯⋯）
「lift」這個字有許多意思，這裡作為動詞使用，意思是：
to end a rule or law 取消、撤銷規定或法律
• The restrictions on water usage have been lifted now that the river levels are normal.
河水的水位已經恢復正常，因此用水限制被取消了。
• At last they've lifted the ban on jeans at the club.
最終他們取消了在俱樂部禁止穿牛仔褲的規定。
詳見劍橋詞典：https://bit.ly/3yKMzIZ
ᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯ
📌「lift」在新聞稿中，也常被用來敘述解除與疫情封鎖相關的法令與措施：
• Scotland is due to move to Covid level 0 on 19 July, with most legal restrictions lifted on 9 August.
蘇格蘭將於７月１９日降至０級警戒，絕大多數的法律限制將於８月９日解除。
• The lifting of most Covid guidance and legal restrictions in England is expected on 19 July.
英格蘭絕大多數的新冠肺炎指示與法律限制預計將於 7 月 19 日解除。
——BBC
來源：https://bbc.in/36r8kS2
ᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯ
• Is it wise to lift England’s Covid restrictions fully?
英國對新冠肺炎全面解封是否明智？
—— The Guardian
來源：https://bit.ly/3e6m6h6
ᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯ
• Boris Johnson says England on track to lift Covid restrictions and rules on mask-wearing.
強森表示，英格蘭有望解除戴口罩的限制與規定。
• He said that regulations mandating face masks would be lifted and people would no longer be instructed to work from home.
他說，將解除強制戴口罩的規定，民眾亦無須在家工作。
——CNBC
來源：https://cnb.cx/3xANqf4
ᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯ
• All across the country, mask mandates have eased, restrictions have lifted and most states have gone back to business as usual.
全國各地已放寬戴口罩的規定，限制已經解除，各州多已恢復正常營業。
• A state is considered fully reopened once it has lifted all specific restrictions on businesses statewide.
一旦該州解除對商業活動的所有特殊限制，就會被視為全面重啟。
——NY TIMES
來源：https://nyti.ms/3wyK9vq
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那為「微」解封到底該怎麼說？
在此一語境中，媒體常見的說法有下列幾種：
📌 1. loosen restrictions 放寬限制
loosen (v.) 鬆開，使…放鬆
• France and Belgium loosen Covid restrictions for summer.
法國與比利時放寬了夏季的新冠肺炎限制。
——BBC
來源：https://bbc.in/3hxEG3X
• Chile will loosen restrictions against the coronavirus for residents who are fully vaccinated.
智利將對已完成疫苗接種的居民放寬新冠肺炎的限制。
——Bloomberg
來源：https://bloom.bg/3e8XqEL
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📌 2. ease rules/restrictions 放寬規定／限制
ease (v.) 減輕；減低；緩解
• Belgium is also easing its rules to allow indoor dining at cafes and restaurants.
比利時還放寬規定，允許於咖啡館與餐廳內用餐。
• While promoting the easing of restrictions on Tuesday, President Emmanuel Macron was slapped during a visit to a hotel school in the south east of France.
週二，在推動鬆綁限制的同時，法國總統馬克宏在參訪法國東南部的一所飯店學院時挨了一巴掌。
——BBC
來源：https://bbc.in/3hxEG3X
• U.S. Retail Sales Forecast Rises Sharply as Covid-19 Restrictions Ease
隨著新冠肺炎限制的鬆綁，美國銷售預估驟升。
——WSJ
來源：https://on.wsj.com/3k4kJDB
• As restrictions ease, glimpses of a pre-pandemic world have begun to reappear.
隨著限制的鬆綁，世界在疫情前的些許景象開始重現。
—— The Economist
來源：https://econ.st/3hz5ZuS
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📌 3. partially lift restrictions 部分解除限制
• Taiwan’s CECC considers partially lifting Level 3 restrictions from July 12.
臺灣的中央流行疫情指揮中心考慮自７月１２日起部分解除３級警戒。
——Taiwan News
來源：https://bit.ly/36ybljm
• While many cultural attractions in France were reopening on Wednesday as coronavirus restrictions were partially lifted.
儘管只解除了部分新冠病毒的限制，法國的許多人文景點已於週三重新開放。
——NY Times
來源：https://nyti.ms/3hR6cIE
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📌 若要講得更細的話，可用以表達欲終止特定措施與法令：
• Other changes include an end to rules on working from home, although employers will have to agree the number of days staff come into the office in advance.
其他改變包括終止在家工作的規定，但雇主須提前同意員工待在辦公室的天數。
——BBC
來源：https://bbc.in/3hxEG3X
要全面重啟的話也可以使用「fully reopen」：
• In the few states that have yet to fully reopen, governors have set targets for doing so based on vaccination rates or other health measures.
在少數幾個尚未全面重啟的州裡，州長們已根據疫苗接種率或其他健康評估，設定了全面重啟的指標。
——NY Times
來源：https://nyti.ms/3wyK9vq
★★★★★★★★★★★★
📌 然而，表達或翻譯一個複雜的概念，須先參考語境（context）與語域（register）。如此，在詮釋時才可能提供完整且精準的表達。
context與register 的定義: https://bit.ly/2SsdxTg
最後，與疫情相關的資訊可至ＣＤＣ官網查證：https://www.cdc.gov.tw/
如果還有其他用英文表達「微解封」的方式，也歡迎到下方留言與我們分享～
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防疫相關的「時事英文」：https://bit.ly/2RWgfD3
英文學習「生態系」: https://bit.ly/2VvSfIE
圖片出處: Google Images
📰 今天我們來讀讀【華爾街日報】
🖐🏽 五分鐘來關心國際時事— 美國🇺🇸
📰 Covid-19 Poses More Risk to Patients With Chronic Illnesses - and That’s Bad for the U.S.
2019冠狀病毒對有慢性病患構成更多的風險，這個情況對美國來說是件壞事。
🖋 pose 跟 risk搭配，patient 和 chronic illness是常用詞匯。
Scientists now have a better idea of how much extra risk faced by people with other conditions such as diabetes.
📌 這一段說科學家現在對患有糖尿病等狀況的人所面對的風險有更好的理解。
🖋 have a better idea of 是個道地的説法，它源於 have a good idea of。
Scientists are developing a clearer picture of the extra risk of dying from Covid-19 borne by those with underlying health conditions, an aspect of the disease that researchers say might help explain why some countries suffer worse outbreaks than others.
📌 這段繼續介紹科學家的工作，並解釋他們的工作有助於解釋，為什麼一些國家比起其他國家面對病毒的爆發(outbreak)更加嚴重。
The bad news for the U.S.: Some of the conditions associated with the highest risk, such as obesity, heart disease and diabetes, are more prevalent in the U.S. than other comparable countries.
📌 這段聚焦美國的情況，the bad news 跟標題的bad呼應。除了diabetes，這段提述obesity和heart disease，這也是現代人的常見疾病。
“If we had better health outcomes, if we had less diabetes, less hypertension, less cardiovascular disease, then we would probably not see the morbidity and mortality that we see today from Covid-19,” said Monique J. Brown, an assistant professor of public health at the University of South Carolina.
📌 這段引述南卡羅萊納州大學助理教授的話，hypertension和cardiovascular disease也是常見的疾病。morbidity和mortality是相對專業的詞匯。
Some 15 million people world-wide have been infected with the new coronavirus, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University. More than 624,000 deaths globally have been attributed to Covid-19, the disease it causes, with 143,000 of those in the U.S. Case numbers are rising in large parts of the U.S. after restrictions on daily life were eased.
📌 這段也引述約翰霍普金斯大學的數據。
🖋 attributed to (歸因於)，是表述因果關係的用語，ease 是動詞(跟easy有關聯的)，他常與restriction搭配。
未完待續...
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ease動詞 在 Verb Master - 【一天搞定一單字】Ease Ease，易，有三層意義 的推薦與評價
The purpose of iPhone is for ease of use. (iPhone的宗旨就是簡單好用). 【動詞片語】 片語：Ease off/up (on someone/something) ... ... <看更多>