用字遣詞的敏感度
快來看Presentality的最新英語寫作分析~
特別敏感的時刻,我們的用字遣詞也要特別小心。今天的「閱讀筆記」,我們來看前一陣子轟動矽谷的事件:知名軟體公司老闆在部落格的一篇 po 文,讓三分之一員工離職。他到底寫了什麼?
📌 總結幾個重點:
1. 在敏感時刻,用字跟語氣,甚至可能比內容還要重要。
2. 用簡短無修飾的句子,會顯得比較強硬,較長而且有修飾的句子,反而比較溫和。
3. 主詞非常,非常重要。你用的是 I, us vs them,還是 "we" and "our"?
如果以後你在情緒高漲的時刻寫文,也不妨寄給英文好而且中立的朋友,請他們評估文字所帶著的情緒,會很有幫助。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
📌 前一陣子,Basecamp 事件震驚美國科技/新創圈。
Basecamp 是一家團隊協作軟體公司,創辦人 Jason Fried 跟 David Heinemeier Hansson 一直都很願意為自己的理想及理念說話。他們寫的 Rework 一書影響了非常多的人,我在台灣認識的好幾位創業家都曾經跟我分享這本書。
但他們四月底在部落格上公告 Basecamp 一系列政策改變之後,引來非常大的反彈。
我第一時間就有去他們的部落格看他們寫的文章,覺得文筆非常好,而且是用說道理的語氣,很 reasonable。但發布不久,公司超過30%的員工,決定離職,其中包括好幾位高階主管!
What happened? 那篇文章,很顯然觸發了一個危機。我回去再把文章看了一次,發現天啊... 那篇文章的語氣,根本沒有我第一次看感覺的溫和。
Changes at Basecamp: https://bit.ly/2SNN6Kr
很多魔鬼都藏在細節裡。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
📌 主要的改變 = 工作時別討論政治或社會議題
讓大家最氣憤的政策改變,其實就只有一個:
No more societal and political discussions on our company Basecamp account.
在這個時空背景下,美國社會立場分歧這麼深,從左右派政治議題,到種族歧視問題,Basecamp 領導人大膽決定,禁止員工在公司內部的線上溝通頻道,討論社會及政治議題。
要去弄社會政治議題,可以,但請別在公司內。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
📌 開頭還算溫和:說服大家把公司當產品看待
一開頭,Fried 就寫:
At Basecamp, we treat our company as a product. It's not a rigid thing that exists, it's a flexible, malleable idea that evolves. We aren't stuck with what we have, we can create what we want. Just as we improve products through iteration, we iterate on our company too.
Hmmm,為什麼要這樣開頭?為什麼要把「公司」跟「產品」劃上等號?
我們可以想像,Fried 肯定為了這篇文煩惱了一陣子。很多想法不斷的在他腦中盤旋,不同的開場,不同的句子...
但這個開頭,是一個很不錯的 framing:因為 Basecamp 的員工肯定很多 product fanatics - 就是最在乎產品好不好的 "builders"。Product lovers 的一個共同點,就是了解產品是會不斷改變的東西。如果說公司也是,就可以理解,公司也會改變。
然後,他非常小心的挑選最正面的說法。每一字每一句都是 product lovers 會認同的:
•flexible
•malleable
•evolve
•we can create what we want
•improve products
•iterate
用了一連串正面的同義字,就是要塑造 change = positive 的氣氛。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
📌 連大改變,都用「改版」來形容
下一步,就是用一個大家理解的方式,來描述「非常大的改變」:
Recently, we've made some internal company changes, which, taken in total, collectively feel like a full version change. It deserves an announcement.
什麼是大的改變?就有點像「改版」的意思。而且注意到,他不是寫 "We're making a full version change" 喔,而是說:"changes... taken in total, collectively feel like a full version change."
也就是說,在中間加了很多緩衝的字眼,淡化 "full version change"。
就像你如果要跟一個人說他是混蛋,哪一種說法比較直接:
The way you act sometimes, when people don't know you yet, can feel like you're a bit of an asshole. 或是 You're an asshole.
講完這個,他就要給大家打預防針了。
而且又是從「產品」開始:
In the product world, not all changes are enjoyed by all customers. Some changes are immediately appreciated. Some changes take time to steep, settle in, and get acquainted with. And to some, some changes never feel quite right — they may even be deal breakers.
哇噻,好幾劑預防針啊!
而且他用了三個意思差不多的字,鼓勵大家「耐心的習慣新的改變」:Some changes take time to steep, settle in, and get acquainted with。
Again 他的用字很細心。"Get acquainted with" 就好像跟我們說,
改變其實是我們的朋友,只要我們願意好好認識它。
但他們其實知道,有些改變是一些人完全,完全無法接受的。
所以才有最後一句:"They may even be deal breakers"。
They totally knew what was coming...
★★★★★★★★★★★★
📌 溫和就到這裡... 語氣開始轉變
接下來,他選擇美國人非常愛用的寫法,就是引用一位大家尊敬的人的話,來幫自己助陣:
As Huxley offers in The Doors of Perception, "We live together, we act on, and react to, one another; but always and in all circumstances we are by ourselves. The martyrs go hand in hand into the arena; they are crucified alone. Embraced, the lovers desperately try to fuse their insulated ecstasies into a single self-transcendence; in vain. By its very nature every embodied spirit is doomed to suffer and enjoy in solitude."
這裡藏了點玄機。
如果他的目的是說服大家接受這些改變,那為什麼要引用這一段!?
讀起來,這段話反應了他的心情:在做困難決定時的「孤獨」。如果是這樣,那這段話的用途就是「療癒」而不是「說服」。
因為如果目的是說服,為何不引用某個你的員工/讀者都非常敬佩的人的故事,這個人做了一個不受歡迎,但大部分讀者都會認同是正確的決定?
個人猜測:他上面好話已經寫完了。真正的意涵是:We're going forward, alone if necessary。
而且,他們還把自己的決定,frame 成 navigating somewhere,同時把另一邊寫成 circling nowhere
We all want different somethings. Some slightly different, some substantially. Companies, however, must settle the collective difference, pick a point, and navigate towards somewhere, lest they get stuck circling nowhere.
★★★★★★★★★★★★
📌 語氣變的很硬:No More
然後他就開始寫改革本身。
如果把所有改變的第一句話看過去,會發現全部都是 "No more..." 開頭。這個硬到不行了。
完整文章: https://bit.ly/3wT6x3z
圖片出處: https://bit.ly/34wWkO5
★★★★★★★★★★★★
Presentality每天都在追蹤與分析跟英文溝通/寫作有關的文章,如果想要透過我們這些「閱讀筆記」一起學習,可在 FB 追蹤我們:https://www.facebook.com/presentality/
📌 Presentality系列文章:
1. 看貝佐斯致亞馬遜股東的最後一封信,學一些英文寫作小撇步
https://bit.ly/3xCN1cC
2. 英文演講實用的結構與技巧
https://bit.ly/2PHu3Ax
3. 在演講中的四種敘述角度
https://bit.ly/39tNUtv
4. 詩人Amanda Gorman的英文演講技巧
https://bit.ly/39sI3on
5. 從 Most Dangerous Place 文章,看經濟學人寫作邏輯
https://bit.ly/3htqJEs
6. 寫作的終極目標是「提供價值」
https://bit.ly/3yA3gYe
7. 看 Bloomberg學資深記者如何寫文章
https://bit.ly/3i3am1P
同時也有6部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過1,880的網紅Y U M I,也在其Youtube影片中提到,みなさんこんにちは!YUMIです♡ 今日の動画はLAにいたときの動画で、BITE beautyのやっている、自分だけのリップを作れるラボに行ったときのものになります! 今はなかなかアメリカに旅行🇺🇸は難しいですが、今後行くときはぜひ!体験して欲しくて動画にしました✨ わたしの英語、字幕にミスが...
「enjoy solitude」的推薦目錄:
enjoy solitude 在 CheckCheckCin Facebook 的最佳解答
【單身萬歲】疫情關係今個新年避過了姨媽姑姐的「關心」
⭐我單身但我很快樂
⭐其實有伴也不保證快樂
#星期一踢走BlueMonday
一個人也很快樂
單身生活四大好處
從前的人如果一直單身,會被視為孤獨精、工作狂甚至性格有問題,但現代人單身可以是一種選擇,與其將就找一個不適合的人在一起,不如瀟灑地過單身生活,細數單身生活好處其實有不少,好好利用單身生活的優勢可以令自己更健康。
1. 時間更充實
與另一半相處的生活少不免有等待的時間,如果對方無時間觀念,浪費的青春就會更多。單身人士則是想做就做,說走就走,去餐廳等位食飯,等一個人位永遠最快甚至不用等。按個人興趣把時間表排到密密麻麻,做運動、看書、購物、入廚、看電影、打機等等,不浪費一分一秒。
2. 經濟自由
有伴侶的生活支出自然會多一點,少不免要送禮物、拍拖消費等等,所以單身人士可以享受經濟自由,自己賺錢自己花,少了情感的依靠,多出的時間正好為自己理財,讓自己財政穩定,追求自己想要的生活模式。
3. 事業向前衝
感情話變就變,只有自己的事業是別人拿不走的,有人熱愛單身生活,是因為他可以全程投入熱愛的工作之中,他從工作中獲得的快感超過一切。而且沒有伴侶或家庭的牽絆,轉工、轉行或者創業等「冒險」行為也比較無後顧之憂。
4. 發掘興趣和潛能
單身不等於寂寞,因為你有更多時間與自己對話,以及發掘自己的興趣和潛能,有伴侶的話很難花費所有放假時間去上課進修,或者全情投入工作以外的興趣,好好發掘生活樂趣是裝備自己的一部份,就算將來單身也好有伴侶也好,學到的也會一生受用。
單身生活要活得精彩,首要把自己照顧好,春天來了要防範濕重問題影響健康,記得每日飲用米水,有助健脾祛濕。
✔️CheckCheckCin 米水推介:朝米水
材料:紅米、薏米、白米
功效:保健強身,有助去水腫、消胃脹、改善面黃,尤其適合脾胃虛弱及痰濕內盛體質人士。
備註:懷孕期間可選擇大肚婆米水
✔️CheckCheckCin 美茶推介:濕重
材料:赤小豆、眉豆、扁豆衣
功效:健脾祛濕,紓緩疲倦、睡了好像還沒睡過、四肢重墜、水腫等症狀。
歡迎到CheckCheckCin門市及網頁訂購:
www.checkcheckcin.com
留言或按讚👍🏻支持一下我們吧!❤️ 歡迎 Follow 我們獲得更多養生資訊。
Find happiness in solitude
Four advantages of being single
In the past, a person who stayed single was often regarded as someone lonely, a workaholic or even a problematic person, but now, being single can be a choice.
Instead of forcing yourself to live with someone who has a different lifestyle from you, perhaps the better option is to live independently. There are many advantages of living alone, and we can use this opportunity to live a healthier life.
1. We will have more time for ourselves
Living with our significant other also means we have to spend time waiting for them. If they are habitually late, we would waste even more time. As single individuals, we get to do what we want at any time. At restaurants, we can get a seat easily since we are alone. We can arrange our daily schedule according to our wish – be it exercise, read books, go shopping, cook food, watch movies, or play games, and we will not waste a single second.
2. Financial freedom
Having a partner in life also means we would spend more on gifts and other expenses when we are on a date. As single individuals, we can enjoy greater financial flexibility and spend our money the way we see fit. Without emotional commitment, we can plan our finances properly and pursue the lifestyle of our dreams.
3. Become more career-centric
Relationships may not last forever, but no one can snatch our career away. Some people enjoy being single because they choose to pour their heart and soul into their work, and this gives them great satisfaction. Since they do not have spouses or families to worry about, they can change jobs, switch industries, or become an entrepreneur and not worry about the ‘risks’.
4. Explore potentials and hobbies
Being single does not mean we have to be lonely. If you have more time to understand who you are as a person, you will be able to explore your potential and understand what you are interested in. This is difficult to achieve when you have a partner because you will not have the time to attend classes or to improve yourself. Immerse yourself in hobbies other than your job can also help you appreciate life. Whether you will stay single or decide to be in a relationship with someone in the future, you will have, by then, equipped yourself with a lifelong knowledge.
In order to live a fruitful life as a bachelor or bachelorette, we must take good care of ourselves. Now that spring is around the corner, we must protect ourselves from the humid environment, which might cause dampness to our body. Remember to drink rice water everyday, as it can strengthen the spleen and eliminate the dampness from the body.
✔ Recommendation: Dawn Rice Water
Ingredients: Red Rice, Coix Seed, White Rice
Effects: Suitable for the whole family to enhance physical wellbeing, especially those with a weak digestive system or with a phlegm and dampness body type.
Note: Not suitable for pregnant women.
✔ CheckCheckCin Recommendation: Dampness
Ingredients: Rice bean, black eyed bean, hyacinth bean coat
Effects: Strengthens the spleen and dispels dampness. Relieves fatigue, tired even after adequate sleep, heaviness in limbs and edema.
Welcome to order through our website:� www.checkcheckcin.com
Comment below or like 👍🏻 this post to support us. ❤️ Follow us for more healthy living tips.
#男 #女 #我狀態OK #我疲憊 #痰濕
enjoy solitude 在 FitwithEmery Facebook 的精選貼文
การอยู่กับตัวเอง...ไม่ได้แปลว่าเรากำลังโดดเดี่ยว แต่เป็นช่วงเวลาให้เราได้รู้จักตัวเองมากขึ้น...
เป็นช่วงเวลาที่เราได้เป็นอิสระจากเสียงรบกวนภายนอก...
เป็นช่วงเวลาที่เราจะได้ยินเสียงตัวเอง...ดังที่สุด...และชัดที่สุด
Enjoy the power of solitude.
#sundayvibes #yoga #yogaflow #fitwithemery #relaxingtime #solitudeisbliss
enjoy solitude 在 Y U M I Youtube 的最佳貼文
みなさんこんにちは!YUMIです♡
今日の動画はLAにいたときの動画で、BITE beautyのやっている、自分だけのリップを作れるラボに行ったときのものになります!
今はなかなかアメリカに旅行🇺🇸は難しいですが、今後行くときはぜひ!体験して欲しくて動画にしました✨
わたしの英語、字幕にミスがあるとは思いますが、大目に見てくださると嬉しいです🌱
チャンネル登録、グッドボタン、コメント、待ってます♡
▼instagram
https://www.instagram.com/yumicosme_
【 Profile 】
YUMI
神奈川県在住
Instagramで趣味のコスメアカウントを始めたのをきっかけに、2019.2月にYouTubeをスタートし、今までインスタでは伝えきれなかったことや、私のライフスタイルをシェアしています♥
Hey guys!
Welcome to my channel. I'm YUMI from Japan!
I'd like to share my lifestyle, makeup, cooking, and some more personal things.
I hope you guys will enjoy my videos. (It's all in Japanese though lol)
I'll see you in my next video. I'd be really happy if you would subscribe me!
▼BGM
音楽: Solitude
ミュージシャン: Rook1e
音楽: Breathe slow
ミュージシャン: Rook1e
enjoy solitude 在 Saroop Roshi Youtube 的最讚貼文
Daily Red lips makeup tutorial for brown skin using *using drugstore products.
Subscribe to my channel ❤️ ❤️ ❤️
...
Included are some link that might help us to get the change we all want.
Me,you,we have a voice! Please use it to promote the change we all need. George Floyd deserved better, black lives matter.
- https://blacklivesmatters.carrd.co/#
- donate to: https://blacklivesmatter.com
- https://www.gofundme.com/f/georgefloyd\
Get The Officers Charged - https://t.co/lPsRQq6GqD
Life Sentence For Police Brutality https://www.change.org/p/department-o...
..........................................................
?In this video, I will be showing on how you can achieve daily red lips makeup tutorial easily. This classic red lips makeup
tutorial was done by using drugstore products (except for one)
This is perfect for brown skin girls. I have also included in how to achieve bronze smoke eyes tutorial for brown skin. ? Hope you will enjoy it ??
Products breakdown:-
Moisturiser : Cerave
PRIMER : L'Oréal makeup Base Magique
FOUNDATION : Infallible 24h fresh wear @lorealmakeup
CONCEALER : Maybelline Age Rewind
*BRONZER : Hoola Benefit Cosmetics
BLUSHER & lipstick : Maybelline
Mascara: Maybelline Hyper curl waterproof
Highlighter : Maybelline V face duo stick
Setting spray: Maybelline lasting fix
#classyredlipsmakeuptutorial #usingonlydrugstoremakeupproducts #naturalmakeup #dewyskin #summerglowy #beginnerdewymakeup #browngirlmakeup
Catriona gray red lips makeup look, tan skin makeup tutorial drugstore, using only drugstore produce makeup tutorial, easy summer glam, Cindy Kimberly red lipstick makeup tutorial, summer easy and affordable makeup tutorial,
?Tag me if you ever try it. ❤️
?Do comment down below if you want to see me filming,
brown girl makeup tutorial, beginner makeup tutorial, makeup tutorials, easy no foundation makeup tutorial, fashion Lookbooks, Classy Lookbooks, chic and elegant Lookbooks.
___________________________________
?Say hi to me on my Social media:-
✨INSTAGRAM : @saroopdeep_roshi
Facebook page : Saroop Roshi
?Business enquiries :-
[email protected]
Love yall❤️,
Saroop Roshi
?Music used
––––––––––––––––––––––––
Prod Riddiman-Solitude
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lN9nUkpPQ3M
Stream my beats on:
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2u4ZS7R
Apple Music: https://apple.co/2GIxb8j
enjoy solitude 在 【O2F】Oxygen Formula EDM 紮背趴 Youtube 的最讚貼文
The best moment is to drink with the right person, with the Right music, at the right time, either coffee, tea, wine, or any other drinks. I chose and mixed this music with copyright free songs, wishing it could be icing on the cake for your wonderful memories with your friends or family. Enjoy!
最好的時光就是一起喝點。還有&對的音樂、對的人,香氣滿盈的好茶、咖啡、醇酒..一切都在最好的時候,相聚最是珍貴!
-----
Tracklist as follow:
#1. Song: Seum Dero - Love Me (ft. Malia Rogers)
Link: https://youtu.be/RKwGGXiiPOY
Music promoted by FMW. Released by Jupita.
#2. X I X X - For Love (Casey Neistat Music)
Artist: X I X X (Jeff Kaale)
https://soundcloud.com/jeff-kaale
https://twitter.com/jeff_kaale
https://www.facebook.com/Jeffkaale
Music from Soundcloud.Provided by RFM.
#3. Ron Gelinas - Aura (Original Mix)
Link to Track: https://youtu.be/fsf_HtpD-eY
FREE DOWNLOAD: https://theartistunion.com/tracks/57f3f2
#4. Chud - Just hold me
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Download: https://soundcloud.com/chud-music/jus...
https://soundcloud.com/chud-music/tracks
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnnB...
https://www.instagram.com/charlie_udave/
#5. Ron Gelinas - Slow Grind (original mix)
Link to Track: https://youtu.be/dpjgk9bTRH0
FREE DOWNLOAD: https://theartistunion.com/tracks/309e42
#6. Sakura Hz - mood.
https://twitter.com/sakurahertz
https://www.facebook.com/sakurahertz/
https://www.instagram.com/sakurahertz/
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6x1...
https://open.spotify.com/artist/4bjE5...
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Music provided by RFM.
#7. Vibe Tracks - I Love You
Artist: Music from YouTube Audio Library [Aka YAL]
Music provided by RFM: https://youtu.be/rBG-z-vtZfI
#8. Muciojad - Solitude
https://soundcloud.com/muciojad
https://twitter.com/Muciojad
https://www.facebook.com/MuciojadMusic
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwxv...
Creative Commons — Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported— CC BY-SA 3.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/b...
Music provided by RFM: https://youtu.be/1Vck6n8tlmk
#9. dTree - GO
https://soundcloud.com/david-staunch
https://www.facebook.com/dTreeMusic
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCI-S...
Music from Soundcloud
Music provided by RFM: https://youtu.be/FKJRkHDq0zo
#10. Bensound - Going Higher
http://www.bensound.com/royalty-free-...
Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported— CC BY 3.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/b...
Music provided by RFM: https://youtu.be/BQerCShQmTQ
#11. Xandra - Guardian
https://www.instagram.com/imxndra/
https://twitter.com/im_xndra
https://soundcloud.com/xandra
https://open.spotify.com/artist/2LAVK...
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Music provided by RFM: https://youtu.be/vJ0l90HTddY