高蛋白飲食會損害腎功能嗎⁉️
「有人說... 正在飲用乳清或使用高蛋白飲食法的健人是在危害腎臟...」小編明白他們的顧慮,但他們的顧慮能應用在普遍健康的健人嗎❓
🧐🧐🧐
對於一般健康個體,高蛋白飲食習慣對腎臟健康沒有構成確實的問題。而各研究就只指出,對於本身具有腎臟問題的病人,高蛋白飲食才會構成問題。而對腎臟健康的人,研究沒有足夠證據證明高蛋白飲食會構成危險。
長期使用高蛋白飲食會否引致腎病,當中暫時其實也沒有明確的關係...
FAO、WHO聯同UNU指出,對於健康的人,在飲食中減低蛋白質攝取量,不能減輕源於老化所產生的腎絲球過濾率下降問題。意思是低蛋白飲食並不能推遲腎功能因老化而衰弱的問題... 所以傳言說什麼「人們都應該盡量減低蛋白質攝取,能預防腎病什麼的」,得不到權威組織的認同,當中其實是沒有科學根據的...😂
如果懷疑自己有腎病,應尋求醫學上的幫助/資詢,應進行定期的身體檢查。萬一有什麼健康問題,能及早就醫。
Reference
1. Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar, Kramer, Holly M, & Fouque, Denis. (2020). High-protein diet is bad for kidney health: Unleashing the taboo. Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, 35(1), 1-4.
2. Juraschek, Stephen P., BA, Appel, Lawrence J., MD, MPH, Anderson, Cheryl A.M., PhD, MPH, MS, & Miller, Edgar R., MD, PhD. (2013). Effect of a High-Protein Diet on Kidney Function in Healthy Adults: Results From the OmniHeart Trial. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 61(4), 547-554.
3. Marta Cuenca-Sánchez, Diana Navas-Carrillo, Esteban Orenes-Piñero, Controversies Surrounding High-Protein Diet Intake: Satiating Effect and Kidney and Bone Health, Advances in Nutrition, Volume 6, Issue 3, May 2015, Pages 260–266, https://doi.org/10.3945/an.114.007716
4. Joint FAO/WHO/UNU Expert Consultation on Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition (2002 : Geneva, Switzerland), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, World Health Organization & United Nations University. (2007). Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition : report of a joint FAO/WHO/UNU expert consultation. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/43411
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[What Does Religions Say About Alcohol]
Alcohol is a type of drink with alcoholic substance that is able to make an individual drunk. Even if it can only affect the individual in a large quantity, drinking it in a lesser quantity is still considered as alcohol as it has the criteria of an alcoholic beverage.
The history of alcohol invention is lengthy, referring to an article by National Geographic: The Birth of Booze, proofs that earliest trace of alcohol was found at Jiahu, China. Among the ingredients used to make an alcoholic beverage are corn, barley, rice, wheat flour, grapes, sugarcane and many more.
Religion and Alcohol
Religion came to guide human being with the laws by the Creator (Allah) in order that human being will not cause destruction to this world. Alcohol is the mother of immoral behavior, the mind of a drunken individual will not function rationally and his action will be beyond his control. In fact, the majority of religions forbid the consumption of alcohol. Previously, Islam in the only religion that famously known for its prohibition of alcohol, however it is to note that other religion also prohibits it:
Islam
In Islam, the number of verses concerning the prohibition of alcohol are lesser than other religions such as in the Bible and Hindu scriptures. Even so, as Muslim means someone whom submits to the command of Allah hence the amount of verses is not the main focus instead it is the command in the scripture that takes into account. That is the reason why Muslims are more sensitive when it comes to alcohol. Below are verses in the Holy Quran that mentions the prohibition of alcohol.
a) Al-Ma’idah 5:90,
b) Al-Baqarah 2:219,
c) An-Nahl 16:97
Hinduism
Verses that prohibits the consumption of alcohol:
a) Rigveda book 8 hymn 2 verse 12,
b) Rigveda book 8 hymn 21 verse 14,
c) Athravaveda 6: 70: 1,
d) Manusmriti Scripture 7: 47-50,
e) Manusmriti: 11: 55,
f) Manusmriti 11: 91.
g) In the Manusmriti Scripture 9:225, the selling of alcohol is also forbidden.
In Hinduism, Soma and Sura drink are differentiated. Soma is a fermented juice drink used in religion ritual (Vedic Times) and it is said to be an alcoholic beverage that is mentioned numerous times in Veda (Rig Veda 1:116:7, 8:2:12, 10:131:4-5) however, the ingredient for this beverage is already extinct and cannot be made today. There are opinions that it is made from milk or a climbing plant which thrives in mountain areas. (Mark Cartwright: Ancient History Encyclopedia: Soma: 2016).
While Sura is a form of liquor, same as other kinds of alcoholic beverage available in this era. According to Madhavi Bhaskar Kokhatkar in his journal “Review: Surā, The Liquor and The Vedic Sacrifice”, it stated that Sura or this liquor is forbidden in Hinduism.
Even though Veda allows the consumption of Soma, at the same time it forbids the consumption of alcoholic beverage (Sura):
“Weak minds are attracted towards meat, alcohol, sensuality and womanizing. But O non-violent mind, you focus your mind towards the world in same manner as a mother cares for her child.” (Athravaveda: 6: 70: 1)
One becomes sinful if he or she crosses even one of the 7 restraints. Yaskacharya defines these 7 sins in his Nirukta as: Theft, Adultery, Murder of a noble person, Abortion, Dishonesty, Repeating misdeeds and consumption of alcohol. (Rigveda 10:5:6)
This shows that drinking alcoholic beverage is forbidden and there are many verses in the Manusmriti scripture that prohibit the consumption of Sura.
“Killing a Brahmana, drinking (the spirituous liquor called) Sura, stealing (the gold of a Brahmana), adultery with a Guru's wife, and associating with such (fenders), they declare (to be) mortal sins (mahapataka).” (Manusmriti: 11: 55)
“A twice-born man who has (intentionally) drunk, through delusion of mind, (the spirituous liquor called) Sura shall drink that liquor boiling hot; when his body has been completely scalded by that, he is freed from his guilt.” (Manusmriti 11: 91)
In fact, on early April 2016 it did not become an issue when the Chief Minister of Bihar state, Nitish Kumar prohibits alcohol in the state with the majority is Hindu.
Buddhism
According to Buddha teachings of Pencasila (Five Precepts), the last precepts states that one must avoid intoxicating beverage. In the Pali language “Suramerayamajja pamadatthana veramani sikkhapadam samadiyami” translated as abstaining oneself from drinking intoxicating beverage.
Even a Buddhist Monk by the name of Master Hsing Yun in his book, The Five Precepts states it is still forbidden to consume even a little of alcohol. Same goes to other Buddhist monk and scholars:
“The Vibhanga states that even as little as a drop the size of a dewdrop on the tip of a balde of grass is enough to constitute a violation. So, having even small glass of wine, even if it does not make one drunk, is a transgression.” (Veberable Fa Xun: One Life Five Precepts: 2011: page 73)
“It it known that intoxicants even in small amounts can make one less sensitive, heedless and easily swayed by the defilements. As one starts to enjoy getting high on intoxicants, the effect becomes addictive and usage increases.” (Chan Khoon San, Introductory Course in Buddhism: 2002 page 89)
Judaism
In the Old Testament, there are many verses on the prohibition of alcohol:
a) Leviticus 10:9,
b) Numbers 6:3,
c) Deuteronomy 29:6,
d) Judges 13: 4,
e) Judges 14: 1,
f) Samuel 1: 15,
h) Proverbs 20: 1, 31: 4-6,
g) Isaiah 5: 11, 22: 24: 9, 28: 9,
h) Micah 2: 11
Christianity
Prohibition of alcohol is as stated in the Old Testament while in the New Testament Luke 1:15 and Ephesians 5: 18.
Sikhism
In Sikhism scripture, Guru Granth Sahib Ji compilation of Guru Gobing Singh, there is prohibition of alcohol consumption:
“Drinking the wine, his intelligence departs, and madness enters his mind.” (Sri Guru Granth Sahib: Page 554)
In Sikhism, there are 5 basic prohibitions;
1) Cutting ones hair
2) Bad behavior
3) Smoking
4) Eating meat killed in a ritualistic manner
5) Alcohol consumption
Alcohol in Religious Practices
Alcohol is used in religious practices of some Animism religion and spirit worshipers. This is also the same for some of the biggest cult in Africa and the African American community such as Candomble, Kumina, Voodoo, Umbanda, Quimbanda, Santeria and many others.
Besides that, alcohol is also used as part of religious ritual in some Christian’s teachings. For example Black Christ uses alcohol due to the syncretism people practice (animism) adding on with the teachings of Christianity by Christian missionaries so that there is alcohol in religion.
Apart from that, the consumption of alcohol in Christianity is due to misinterpretation of the texts from the Bible. Even though there are prohibitions in the Bible, the justification given is that alcohol can be consumed as long as one refrains from getting drunk. There is also commentary that the verses were revealed in the ancient times and the situation is not the same as today.
Besides that, another interpretation is the prohibition is specifically for the Jews hence the Gentiles is allowed to consume alcohol. There are even more misinterpretations made towards the verses.
That is one of the main factors resulting in the corruption of religion. Syncretism from other beliefs mixed with religious practices between one religion and another, also the misinterpretation of liberals that deviate from the original text.
Summary
The majority of religion prohibits alcohol. Even logically, human beings will refuse the harming effects of alcohol consumption. If the benefits and detrimental effects of alcohol were to be compared, indefinitely the detrimental effects are greater. In fact, due to alcohol consumption an individual can easily engaged in crime as the mind is in an unstable condition. Due to the same reason also, there are laws made worldwide on driving under the influence of alcohol. A human being with a sane mind will surely refrain from alcohol consumption, specifically because it is the command of Allah and also because of the harmful effects. A story taken from the Buddhist Monk, Master Hsing Yun in his book The Five Precepts:
“There once was a man who wanted to “just have a little drink,” but he did not have a dish of food to go with it. Seeing that his next-door neighbour was raising an old hen that was cackling away, he stole the hen and killed it to make a dish to eat while he drank his liquor. Thus he had broken the precepts against killing and stealing in one fell swoop. When the lady of the house next door came home and asked about her hen, the man told her that he had not seen it, thereby breaking the precept against lying. By now the man was a bit drunk, and seeing how beautiful the woman was, he started flirting with her and touching her in an indecent manner. Consequently, he also broke the precept against sexual misconduct. It was because of consuming intoxicants that all five precepts were broken in one stroke.”
Just a little drink drove a human being into violating the laws and tenets, hence alcohol can be describe as mother of all evil. As stated in a Hadith الخمر أم الخبائث “Alcohol is the mother of all evil” (Silasat al-Hadith as-Sahiha no:1854).
Allah knows best.
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曾經寫過一篇文章:一顆蛋獲得全世界(舊文連結:http://mittyandpatty.pixnet.net/blog/post/303103135)
當時並沒有提到太多細節,只想簡單的呼籲大家,雞蛋不僅是對狗來說生物利用價值最高的蛋白質,而且從蛋黃到蛋白、蛋殼,從裡到外整整一顆雞蛋可以讓你的寵物得到所有完整的營養,各種必須胺基酸、維生素、礦物質一次滿足。我們身為關心寵物飲食的主人,都不得不學習在寵物三餐中巧妙運用「雞蛋」這樣的夢幻逸品。
然而又有研究徹底讓我們對雞蛋甘拜下風!那層不起眼的、包覆在蛋白跟蛋殼之間的蛋殼膜,原來也是非常好的營養補充品!
「大家都知道一顆蛋可以提供幾乎所有身體所需的營養,蛋白質、維生素、礦物質。但包在雞蛋外面的那一層蛋殼膜,有著更讓人驚訝的營養價值,可以維繫我們的健康快樂」--thealternativedaily.com
蛋殼膜含玻尿酸、軟骨素、膠原蛋白、彈性蛋白、葡萄糖胺、生長因子-b等。對於維持骨骼、關節、軟骨的功能、心肌、皮膚的彈性、結締組織的韌性等都非常有幫助。
「蛋殼膜可以減緩膝關節疼痛和僵直,而且不像一般NSAID類止痛藥(非類固醇性止痛藥),長期使用並不會造成任何副作用」-- livestrong.com
可惜一旦這層膜加熱之後,營養就會流失。國外的生食推動風潮下,建議直接將蛋殼膜取下、洗淨之後,加入寵物食物裡生吃。生吃所面臨的最大挑戰就是細菌,沙門氏菌的風險要如何避免?理論上只要雞但是新鮮、母雞沒有生病而雞蛋是完整的,大多數的細菌是可以被蛋殼屏蔽在外。
所以尋找令人安心的健康、衛生雞場、學會挑選新鮮雞蛋與生吃前適當的清潔工作變得尤其重要。
BEFORE TOSSING OUT YOUR EGGSHELLS, YOU MAY WANT TO CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING FIRST! (which can help heal you and your pets' joints!)
“An egg is known to be a nutritional powerhouse, packed with protein, vitamins and minerals in both its yolk and white, but the membrane that surrounds a developing embryo may possess even more amazing qualities that can benefit health and well-being.” - thealternativedaily.com
What is the eggshell membrane?
The most annoying part of the egg when trying to peel it, of course! The rubbery membrane, which can actually be the extremely beneficial according to researchers and their studies!
“A 2009 study published in the Journal of Clinical Interventions in Aging found that a supplement of natural eggshell membrane was effective for reducing knee pain and stiffness related to the condition without causing side effects that are known to result from long-term use of traditional treatments, like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications.” - livestrong.com
However this membrane needs to be offered at the raw, uncooked stage and not the boiled stage as heat can destroy the beneficial properties.
“Eggshell membranes contain substances with known benefits to joint health, including glucosamine, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin and collagen.”- published on the Insider Health, February 2011.
To further stroke this membrane’s ego, according to Doctor Karen Becker:
“Eggshell membrane contains a number of natural substances for today’s pets, including:
• Collagen - A fibrous protein that supports cartilage and connective tissue strength and elasticity.
• Elastin - A protein that supports skin, cardiovascular, cartilage, and spinal health. Elastin gives tissue its elastic tension and ability to resume its shape after stretching.
• Desmosine and isodesmosine - Two little-known amino acids responsible for elastin’s elastic or “rubbery” properties.
• Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) - Includes glucosamine, chondroitin, and hyaluronic acid - vital polysaccharides that are structural components of connective tissue, interstitial fluids and skeletal structure.
• Transforming growth factor-b - A protein that plays a crucial role in cellular differentiation and immune function.”
The tricky part of course is actually peeling the membrane away from the eggshell. Crack the organic egg from your local farmer, use it as normal, and then attempt to peel that white rubbery skin-like membrane away from the eggshell. Then feed it direct to your pet or fire on top of their food!
The peeling may seem tough at first, but with a little bit of practice, you can turn what normally goes into your trash into a super nutritious healing machine for you and your pets.
(If you want to find out what you can do with your eggshells, visit here - http://ow.ly/QM3Xe )
Rodney Habib - Pet Nutrition Blogger
"An educated, informed and well-researched community of pet owners can only put more pressure on the pet food industry to be better! When pet owners know better, they will only do better!"
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