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#制服的重要性 ANA 全日空！👍👍
員工制服對於企業形象策劃嚟講 , 絕對係個非常重要嘅部份~
不如一齊回顧吓ANA空中服務員制服 喺呢幾年之間嘅變化!
去片! B-)
#制服的重要性
Uniforms play a significant role in the establishment of a company's image.
Take a look at ANA's flight attendant uniforms throughout the years!
[Respond To Mariam Mokhtar Article In Malaysiakini]
Assalamualaikum sister Mariam,
All Praise is to Allah, Lord of the Worlds.
I write in response of the article you wrote, entitled “A symbol of liberation or subjugation?”
I believe your views on the matter are distorted and wish to correct you; and further request that the article be removed. I have no intention of insulting you as a person and this is written with all due respect.
Firstly, Nina was merely told by her employer she “Should” wear a tudung – was it a threat that she would be fired for non-compliance?
Or perhaps merely advice as a Muslim to do what is better with respect to following her religion?
Although religion is indeed, as you say, a ‘personal conviction’, we are nevertheless instructed to advise others towards betterment and goodness.
Let us say that indeed it was part of the dress code. The employer has a right to specify codes of conduct and dress codes which are deemed suitable to meet the organizational requirements, standards or reputation of a company.
Dress codes are important as they directly portray the impression of the company’s image – even before customer interaction or customer service itself. I’m sure an educated person such as yourself have no difficulty in understanding or appreciating this aspect.
Thus is the case as employers such as hotel concierge or receptionists are required to wear ties/bowties, or armed forces having to wear uniforms, or chefs having to wear their special hat and specific white dress, or generally speaking – there is no office in our country that I know of that allows men to wear short pants.
If the employee does not wish to comply, then he/she may leave. No hard feelings, no oppression, no accusations of “control”, no coercion, and no unnecessary rants on the media by other completely unrelated people. Although yes, what would have definitely been much better – was for the employer to specify the dress code well in advance, to manage expectations. But it does not change their rights to specify these requirements.
This is not an instruction that is deemed difficult or complicated – an unlettered simpleton would have no difficulties in understanding or complying to this, let alone an intelligent person such as yourself.
If the employee deems it necessary for its employees to put on more modest clothing, such as covering your head – and I can name a multitude of justifiable reasons for doing so – then it is their right.
In fact, I can put on a more factually sound article to blast at certain airlines for imposing their female employees to wear such skimpy clothing of short skirts and tight blouses, revealing them to people around the world, whilst at the same time indirectly representing our country on an international scale. But those who do want to guard their modesty, simply choose not to be employed by this company – do we hear them rebelling in the media?
Now, I can write about an article condemning why men aren’t allowed to wear slippers to the office. Is it the subject of the oppressive whims and desires of the bosses and powers that be? It’s a free country, let me wear my crocs to the office!
I can also write on media condemning why I am not allowed to wear round-neck t-shirts to the office. Is it a sign of authority and subjugation? Who do these people think they are?
It would appear here, that you deliberately selected the topic of tudung to be the topic of your rants – perhaps, out of a personal preference that, you yourself do not wear the tudung?
And thus your rantings on this page merely represent an emotional and personal displeasure at the instruction, since it challenges your beliefs and refusal to don it.
Imagine if people who refuse to wear anything other than t-shirts and slippers are as vocal as you are – Our media such as Malaysiakini will be filled with non-beneficial rants such as yours: a nationwide fiasco abusing public media about the rights to wear t-shirts and slippers to work.
The islamic obligation of women covering the head is a long established obligation from the teachings of Islaam – one that has been established firmly in our Shari’ah, and an issue that is considered ijma’ (consensus) amongst our scholars: people who are far more educated than you and I with respect to the Shari’ah.
This is not the time and place to discuss such matters of shariah in detail (though I will gladly have a conversation with you in private to clarify), but the point is, even if you do not ascribe to such beliefs, at least have the decency to respect the personal principles of those who do, and those who want others to do it.
This article shows vast disrespect to our principles and just takes a step back by way of unity and respect to religions – especially you being a Muslim yourself.
Thus I appeal to your good intellect and reason, to please remove this article from the web and refrain from writing such derogatory articles.
I will be happy to further discuss this issue with you in person, and to clarify the subject matter.
Thank you for your understanding.
Regards,
MRM R&D Dept
https://www.malaysiakini.com/columns/366532?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=facebook
[英文單字學習 VII] 如何讓寫作的詞彙精準和豐富?
當我們論及到學術寫作，學生經常有個疑惑，到底需不需要使用較複雜的詞彙？然而，我們關切的重點不在於是否要使用較複雜的詞彙，而是我們所使用的詞彙是否能夠精準傳達出我們的觀點。
在IELTS考試當中，詞彙豐富度在寫作方面有它自己的評分標準。想要得到滿分，考生必須具備廣大的詞彙背景知識，以流暢、精準及自然的口吻寫出文章，對於一些瑕不掩瑜的小錯誤，在評分上其實不會造成影響。相對於TOEFL寫作的高分策略，學術寫作必須展現出考生在使用語言上是否能有一致性，並善用各種語法、適當詞彙及慣用語，即便考生在寫作時不小心產生了微不足道的詞彙或語法錯誤，在評分上亦不構成影響。至於GRE，廣泛的詞彙使用是必要的，基於此類考試並非在測驗考生的語言能力，在詞彙用字的評分標準上，並沒有如此嚴苛。不過，想要在分析寫作裡的觀點題型(issue tasks)有效達到滿分，就必須流利精準傳達出自己的觀點，並且善用精準到位的詞彙及不同的句型。
那麼，詞彙資豐富度的意義到底是什麼？考生又需要注意什麼，才能達到這些考試的標準呢？關於這些考試裡的詞彙評分標準，在此為大家整理幾個關鍵要素。
✰✰✰Word Choice 詞彙運用✰✰✰
選擇適當的詞彙，是我們首要考量的要素，因為它事關於能否精準表達出一個人的想法及觀點，若是用字上不夠明確，很容易誤導讀者而失去原先欲傳遞的訊息。錯誤的詞彙選用，來自許多問題，第一，考生所使用的字彙，也許並非是他實際上所想傳達的想法。這問題很可能來自於考生平時在語言學習上過於依賴中英翻譯，因此考生在不夠了解某些一字多義的詞彙之時，使用上很容易造成讀者的誤解。舉例來說，spend vs. cost vs. take (花費)，borrow vs. lend vs. loan (借)，這些中譯都相同的詞彙，中文為母語的考生在使用上，稍微一不注意，就容易錯誤使用。二來，有些考生為了避免重複使用相同的詞彙，而不小心選用了不盡相同的單字。比如說，有些考生會以offspring (子孫後代) 來代替 children (小孩)，我們若是查字典了解其義，就會知道 offspring 比較常出現在正式的科學用法上，泛指動物的後代及植物的幼苗。
選詞的錯誤也可能導致代名詞的模糊運用。例如，在一個句子裡，“My cousin Jack hugged my brother James, even though he didn’t like him very much.” 句子裡面的he及him，到底表達的是誰跟誰？
再來，選詞的錯誤也可能起因於對言外之意connotation (象徵性的意義)及本義 denotation (字面上的意義)之困惑，舉例來說，home 和 house 在字面上的意義皆指「家」，不過對於 home 本身，另有隱私、熟悉、舒適之涵義，這也就是為什麼一些房地產廣告會選用home (家) 而不是 house (房子)。
最後，有個很重要的問題，我們稱作 loaded language (既定觀點詞語)，考生往往用個人評價性的結論而疏於闡述原因，而犯了乞題的謬誤。當考生過於依賴某些詞彙，可能就不自覺地疏忽解釋之重要性，所闡述的文意而讓讀者傷透腦筋。比方說，一個句子“Society teaches young people that financial success is the key to happiness.” 我們都知道 society 指的是「社會」，不過並沒有精確地表達出「社會」的含意是指什麼。比較精準的寫法則是“Contemporary American popular media, like magazines and movies, teach young adults that financial success is the key to happiness.” 在這裡我們使用了 “Contemporary American popular media, like magazines and movies,” 來取代”society” 讓我們的句意更精準。
此外，一個學生選字不適也可能是因為使用了偏見性字眼(biased language)、敘述過於冗長(verbosity)、忽略了寫作風格 (prose and style)。不過這些較為細節的問題都可以透過大量的閱讀來改善。
依照以下的指示，會幫助你避免詞彙選擇的錯誤：
1. 善用易理解的詞彙，避免過於依賴翻譯而使用模糊而不正確的搭配用語 (e.g. borrow money [O] vs. borrow a loan [X] vs. take out a loan [O])。
2. 運用較精準簡短的詞彙，避免使用冗長嘮叨字句(e.g. 以educator 來取代 an individual who teaches other people things 或者以 citizens/residents 取代 people who live in this country)。
3. 選擇與上下文相關的詞彙已加強語意連貫 (e.g. learners, students, undergraduates)。
英文寫作: 字句連貫(cohesion)和語意邏輯連貫(coherence)
http://goo.gl/yeU9Bp
4. 避免過度重複使用詞彙及模稜兩可的單字(e.g. stuff, things, something)。
5. 確保動詞能搭配名詞使用。(e.g. Studying abroad gains different perspectives. [X] vs. Studying abroad helps students gain different perspectives. [O]; Uniforms saves money. [X] vs. Wearing uniforms allows students to save money. [O])
6. 避免使用冗長或不切入要點的諺語 (dead as a doornail, let the cat out of the bag)。
應不應該在學術寫作使用成語和諺語: http://goo.gl/z8AaE6
100常見的英文學術成語: http://goo.gl/aDUEZ
7. 大量閱讀來累積字彙及片語知識！(方法參見英文單字學習 I: https://goo.gl/e44B8l )
之後，Eric老師將會探討字彙類型 (word form)、搭配用字 (collocation)，以及慣用語 (idiomaticity)。敬請同學們持續關注。
✰✰✰✰✰✰✰✰✰✰✰✰
Sources:
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3r55x677#page-9
http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/word-choice/
http://uwc.edu/students/academic-support/owl/word-choice-errors
http://www2.ivcc.edu/rambo/eng1001/eng1001_identifying_errors.htm
https://goo.gl/6SpXmC
Image source: https://goo.gl/p71CPP
To support the video production of the Hong Kong Team’s participation in WorldSkills São Paulo, a group of students from the Film and Television programme of Hong Kong Design Institute (HKDI) joined the delegation during the 12-day competition trip to Brazil. Also, the uniforms of Hong Kong Team were designed by students from Fashion and Image Design programme of HKDI.
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