關於 in for a long ride meaning ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

「林醫師，你幫Janet接生呀？」

「Nonono.！..是George接生的！
從頭到尾都在搖滾區卻非常的專注冷靜！」

Janet Hsieh 謝怡芬 & George Young 真的是非常恩愛的一對夫妻
能參與他們的懷孕，生產，是件幸福的事
祝福你們

首先～要大大感謝大家的恭喜和祝福簡訊及禮物！其實到現在一切都還感覺很不真實，而我好像還停留在呆滯的狀態。我，的，天，啊，我真的是位媽咪了! George Young 我們有個兒子了！
(對了所以有人猜對嗎？是位男孩，10/11，凌晨2：37出生，3650公克，有大GG(像媽媽一樣man，哈哈！)
First of all, THANK YOU for all of the congratulatory messages, support, and presents! It’s been so surreal and I’m still in a daze. OMG! I’m a MOMMY!!! GEORGE, WE HAVE A SON!! @instageorgy
(BTW, anybody guess correctly? Baby boy, born Oct 11, 2:37am, 3650g, big GG (Takes after mommy. haha!))

現在我終於有時間可以稍微回顧，也同時想把這特別的分娩經驗分享給大家。
Now that I have time to think back, I wanted to share MY labor experience with you.

如何把寶寶生出來的101條守則：
How to deliver a baby 101:

先列出一個非常詳細的生寶寶計畫，包含以下需要事先想清楚：
自然產 v.s. 剖腹產
有打藥催生 v.s. 無藥
會陰剪開 v.s. 自然撕裂
是否寶寶一生出來就和母體肌膚接觸
是否保存臍帶、臍帶血
Write a very detailed birth plan. Include the following
Vaginal delivery vs. C-section
Medicated vs. Non-medicated
Episiotomy or natural tearing
Skin to skin afterwards or not
Do you want to keep the umbilical cord and cord blood for cord blood registry？

2. 小心翼翼地拿著那本生寶寶計畫並且沿長邊對著中線對折
Take that birth plan and carefully fold it in half, long ways, down the middle.

3. 再將紙攤開來
Open it back up again

4. 將紙的右上角往中線摺成三角形
Fold the top right corner down to the middle line, forming a triangle

5. 將紙的左上角往中線摺成另一個對等的三角形
Fold the left right corner down to the middle line, forming a matching triangle

6. 將你的生寶寶計畫(現在它應該是個紙飛機了)往窗外飛，然後和它揮手說再見
Fly your birth plan (now a paper airplane) out the closest window and wave byebye

哈哈。 well， 這個是我自己的經驗啦。
Haha. Well, that’s how it worked out for me in the end anyway.

生小孩之前，我們做很多研究，問了很多朋友然後跟我們的醫生 林思宏醫師 討論了。我跟George決定要用最自然的方式來生小孩， 用最少的醫療。 除非有緊急狀況或是必須的條件，我們盡量不要用催生、針筒、無痛藥或任何其他的藥物，也不想會陰側切或是剖腹。
Before delivering out baby boy, and after doing a lot of research and talking to numerous friends and our physician Dr. Jason Lin, George and I had decided that we wanted as “natural” of a birth as possible, meaning: as little medical intervention as possible. Unless there was a medical emergency or absolute necessity, we wanted no induction, no needles, no pain medication, no episiotomy, and definitely, no surgery.

不過很顯然的我們的寶寶很有想法，他有自己的一套計畫：已經41週大了他就是不打算出來(即便他已經有個超級大頭而且已經3700克)，而且一點產兆都沒有！於是林醫師強烈建議我們催生。因此，在10月9日的中午，我們冷靜的打包好，吃飽午餐，非常平靜的前往醫院。這感覺好像是我們要去一趟三天兩夜的小旅行(嗯哼，最好是)，但其實仔細想一想，我們的寶寶今天就要出來與我們見面這件事其實是蠻嚇人的！這是一種很詭異的平靜卻緊張的氛圍，好像我們一切都很有效率。
Well, our baby had his own plan. He (even with his big ol’ head and already almost 3700g) just didn’t want to come out, and after 41 weeks and not a single sign of labor, Dr. Lin highly recommended that we induce. So, on October 9 at noon, with our bags calmly packed, lunch eaten, we head to the hospital in a weird daze. It felt like we were packing for a 3-day holiday (haha! Yeah right!), but it was also so scary to think that we could have a baby TODAY! It was a strange calmness/nervousness. Almost like we were being too efficient.

其實坐上計程車後我們一度很想請司機回頭，並取消約診，然後回家繼續等。不過仔細想想又覺得，那，我們到底在等什麼？如果我們只是為了固執的等待陣痛自己來臨，卻因此造成拖延而產生很多不可控制的病發症怎麼辦？
There were moments in the short cab ride when we nearly told the taxi to turn around, cancel the appointment, and just wait it out. And then there were times when we thought, well, what exactly are we waiting for? What if we cause some complications because we were stubborn about waiting for contractions to start on their own?

每一位迎接寶寶來臨的準媽媽甚至準爸爸都會害怕自己的寶寶會在準備出生的前幾天因為受臍帶纏繞而窒息，或是寶寶會開始在媽媽肚子的羊水中便便甚而吃到自己的胎便，這其實很危險且容易造成感染，或是胎盤會開始失去功能等等。身為一位母親，妳就是會時不時的替寶寶擔心這擔心那，一切都是為了確保他/她能夠平安。
Every mother and even father has the fear that their baby will get tangled on its umbilical cord and stop breathing just DAYS before he or she is supposed to be born, or that it will start to poop inside and eat it’s own poop inside the amniotic fluid which can be very dangerous and cause infection, or the placenta will start will fail, etc etc. As a mother, you are constantly worried about that baby inside your belly and you just want to do anything possible to make sure it is OK.

所以，因為腦中有這麼多的擔心和顧慮不斷徘徊，於是我們乖乖的聽醫師的話，10月9日的中午12點準時到醫院報到，和飯店check in，喔不是，我是說我們的產房，並且真的開始面對催生這件事。
So, with these concerns and considerations in mind, we listened to our doctor and by 12 noon on October 9th, we checked into our hotel room, I mean, our hospital room, and started INDUCTION.

長話短說，38小時過後，我們的男寶寶來到這個世界。我絕對會說他是我們”美麗的男寶寶”！但你們真的見過寶寶剛生出來的樣子嗎？(George當時是搖滾區) 它當時並不是我認為最美的事物我必須承認...，它其實長得像異形啊！哈哈！
Long story short, 38 hours later, we have our baby boy. I would say our “beautiful baby boy,” but have you SEEN a baby when it comes out?! (George did at the business end). It is not the prettiest thing… it looks like an alien! Haha!

說真的我真的不知道如果沒有林思宏醫師、產房護理長王俐文還有其他護理人員、Holly及許多客服人員們的協助我會怎麼樣。生寶寶真的是件既美妙卻又嚇人的一件事，尤其當妳在分娩的這段期間只有感受到自己的無比脆弱，妳絕對會需要一個懂妳也懂妳的寶寶的團隊來支持妳：一個能不時監測妳和寶寶狀態的專業團隊，且具備充分耐心可以願意一一回答妳百萬種不可思議的問題。妳絕對會需要一個盡量能讓妳感到放心的環境，在這可能是妳人生中最不舒服的一天！(或者舉我為例，我人生中最不舒服的38小時！)
I honestly don’t know what I would have done without the support of Dr. Jason Lin, Wendy (our doula), and the rest of the nurses and staff at 禾馨婦產科-專業母胎兒醫學中心 . Having a baby is a wonderful, yet absolutely terrifying thing, and you feel completely vulnerable when you are going through labor. You need a team by your side who knows what YOU want for your delivery and for you and your baby. A professional group who is there to monitor you and your baby in case anything goes wrong, and who is also caring and supportive enough to answer all of your millions of silly questions. You need an environment which makes you feel as comfortable as possible, in what is going to possibly be THE MOST UNcomfortable day in your life! (Or, in my case, 38 LOOONG hours of my life!)

謝謝林醫師的熱情和專業，尤其在回答我們千奇百怪的問題的同時還能用一套幽默與邏輯來平息我們的不安。如果我真的要再做一次生產這件事，不用問，我一定會讓George來生...哈哈。不過說真的，我真的找不到第二人選來幫我的男寶寶順產接生。
Thank you Dr. Lin for your passion for your job, your professionalism when answering our questions, and your sense of humor to calm our nerves. If I had to do it all over again, there’s no question… I’d make GEORGE have our baby… Haha. But seriously, I can’t think of a better person that I’d rather have deliver our baby boy.

再來是護理長王俐文，妳真的是上帝派來的天使、我的救世主！妳陪伴著我和George最難熬的那幾個小時是我永生難忘！妳在我最艱困的的每一次陣痛幫我擦乾我的眼淚、用妳的笑容鼓勵我，幫我擠出那些痛、按摩我、跟我一起做骨盆搖擺運動，妳是我的意志力讓我堅持到最後。真的真的真的好感謝妳
And Wendy. Oh Wendy. You are an angel. A godsend. My savior! The hours that you spent with George and I during my most difficult moments will never be forgotten. You helped wipe away my tears, encouraged me with your smile, squeezed, massaged, swayed, and moved with me through all of my toughest contractions, and you kept me sane when I thought I couldn’t last another second. THANK YOU THANK YOU THANK YOU.

獻給那些即將臨盆的媽咪們，我不騙你，生產真的是我人生目前做過最嚇人的一件事！我從來沒有為一件事情如此害怕、緊張過。不過希望妳也可以一樣，有個很支持妳、照顧妳的家人和醫療團隊在妳身邊，也能像我一樣，順利地生出健康、開心又獨一無二珍貴的寶寶，妳們的寶寶！祝妳好運！加油！
To any moms out there about to deliver a baby, I won’t lie. It is the scariest thing I have ever done in my life. I have never been so nervous or scared about anything before. But hopefully, like me, you have an amazing support group and family by your side… and like me, you will also deliver a healthy, happy and precious baby. YOUR baby. GOOD LUCK. JIA YOU！

原先我想像好萊塢明星一樣左手一個右手一個，身上再一個，爸爸那還有兩個~來個五胎組球隊~當然這曾是我愛死孩子的天真想法!

後來知道了一些現實面以及看過各種小惡魔的畫面後，決定兩胎真的已經很剛好了!很足夠!

但隨著年紀增長，越來越害怕各種改變與未知!一次又一次看到這種生產過程還有養小孩的過程~

我只能說: 但願我找到對的人，未來的老公能愛我很多很多!跟我一起加油~

首先～要大大感謝大家的恭喜和祝福簡訊及禮物！其實到現在一切都還感覺很不真實，而我好像還停留在呆滯的狀態。我，的，天，啊，我真的是位媽咪了! George Young 我們有個兒子了！
(對了所以有人猜對嗎？是位男孩，10/11，凌晨2：37出生，3650公克，有大GG(像媽媽一樣man，哈哈！)
First of all, THANK YOU for all of the congratulatory messages, support, and presents! It’s been so surreal and I’m still in a daze. OMG! I’m a MOMMY!!! GEORGE, WE HAVE A SON!! @instageorgy
(BTW, anybody guess correctly? Baby boy, born Oct 11, 2:37am, 3650g, big GG (Takes after mommy. haha!))

現在我終於有時間可以稍微回顧，也同時想把這特別的分娩經驗分享給大家。
Now that I have time to think back, I wanted to share MY labor experience with you.

如何把寶寶生出來的101條守則：
How to deliver a baby 101:

先列出一個非常詳細的生寶寶計畫，包含以下需要事先想清楚：
自然產 v.s. 剖腹產
有打藥催生 v.s. 無藥
會陰剪開 v.s. 自然撕裂
是否寶寶一生出來就和母體肌膚接觸
是否保存臍帶、臍帶血
Write a very detailed birth plan. Include the following
Vaginal delivery vs. C-section
Medicated vs. Non-medicated
Episiotomy or natural tearing
Skin to skin afterwards or not
Do you want to keep the umbilical cord and cord blood for cord blood registry？

2. 小心翼翼地拿著那本生寶寶計畫並且沿長邊對著中線對折
Take that birth plan and carefully fold it in half, long ways, down the middle.

3. 再將紙攤開來
Open it back up again

4. 將紙的右上角往中線摺成三角形
Fold the top right corner down to the middle line, forming a triangle

5. 將紙的左上角往中線摺成另一個對等的三角形
Fold the left right corner down to the middle line, forming a matching triangle

6. 將你的生寶寶計畫(現在它應該是個紙飛機了)往窗外飛，然後和它揮手說再見
Fly your birth plan (now a paper airplane) out the closest window and wave byebye

哈哈。 well， 這個是我自己的經驗啦。
Haha. Well, that’s how it worked out for me in the end anyway.

生小孩之前，我們做很多研究，問了很多朋友然後跟我們的醫生 林思宏醫師 討論了。我跟George決定要用最自然的方式來生小孩， 用最少的醫療。 除非有緊急狀況或是必須的條件，我們盡量不要用催生、針筒、無痛藥或任何其他的藥物，也不想會陰側切或是剖腹。
Before delivering out baby boy, and after doing a lot of research and talking to numerous friends and our physician Dr. Jason Lin, George and I had decided that we wanted as “natural” of a birth as possible, meaning: as little medical intervention as possible. Unless there was a medical emergency or absolute necessity, we wanted no induction, no needles, no pain medication, no episiotomy, and definitely, no surgery.

不過很顯然的我們的寶寶很有想法，他有自己的一套計畫：已經41週大了他就是不打算出來(即便他已經有個超級大頭而且已經3700克)，而且一點產兆都沒有！於是林醫師強烈建議我們催生。因此，在10月9日的中午，我們冷靜的打包好，吃飽午餐，非常平靜的前往醫院。這感覺好像是我們要去一趟三天兩夜的小旅行(嗯哼，最好是)，但其實仔細想一想，我們的寶寶今天就要出來與我們見面這件事其實是蠻嚇人的！這是一種很詭異的平靜卻緊張的氛圍，好像我們一切都很有效率。
Well, our baby had his own plan. He (even with his big ol’ head and already almost 3700g) just didn’t want to come out, and after 41 weeks and not a single sign of labor, Dr. Lin highly recommended that we induce. So, on October 9 at noon, with our bags calmly packed, lunch eaten, we head to the hospital in a weird daze. It felt like we were packing for a 3-day holiday (haha! Yeah right!), but it was also so scary to think that we could have a baby TODAY! It was a strange calmness/nervousness. Almost like we were being too efficient.

其實坐上計程車後我們一度很想請司機回頭，並取消約診，然後回家繼續等。不過仔細想想又覺得，那，我們到底在等什麼？如果我們只是為了固執的等待陣痛自己來臨，卻因此造成拖延而產生很多不可控制的病發症怎麼辦？
There were moments in the short cab ride when we nearly told the taxi to turn around, cancel the appointment, and just wait it out. And then there were times when we thought, well, what exactly are we waiting for? What if we cause some complications because we were stubborn about waiting for contractions to start on their own?

每一位迎接寶寶來臨的準媽媽甚至準爸爸都會害怕自己的寶寶會在準備出生的前幾天因為受臍帶纏繞而窒息，或是寶寶會開始在媽媽肚子的羊水中便便甚而吃到自己的胎便，這其實很危險且容易造成感染，或是胎盤會開始失去功能等等。身為一位母親，妳就是會時不時的替寶寶擔心這擔心那，一切都是為了確保他/她能夠平安。
Every mother and even father has the fear that their baby will get tangled on its umbilical cord and stop breathing just DAYS before he or she is supposed to be born, or that it will start to poop inside and eat it’s own poop inside the amniotic fluid which can be very dangerous and cause infection, or the placenta will start will fail, etc etc. As a mother, you are constantly worried about that baby inside your belly and you just want to do anything possible to make sure it is OK.

所以，因為腦中有這麼多的擔心和顧慮不斷徘徊，於是我們乖乖的聽醫師的話，10月9日的中午12點準時到醫院報到，和飯店check in，喔不是，我是說我們的產房，並且真的開始面對催生這件事。
So, with these concerns and considerations in mind, we listened to our doctor and by 12 noon on October 9th, we checked into our hotel room, I mean, our hospital room, and started INDUCTION.

長話短說，38小時過後，我們的男寶寶來到這個世界。我絕對會說他是我們”美麗的男寶寶”！但你們真的見過寶寶剛生出來的樣子嗎？(George當時是搖滾區) 它當時並不是我認為最美的事物我必須承認...，它其實長得像異形啊！哈哈！
Long story short, 38 hours later, we have our baby boy. I would say our “beautiful baby boy,” but have you SEEN a baby when it comes out?! (George did at the business end). It is not the prettiest thing… it looks like an alien! Haha!

說真的我真的不知道如果沒有林思宏醫師、產房護理長王俐文還有其他護理人員、Holly及許多客服人員們的協助我會怎麼樣。生寶寶真的是件既美妙卻又嚇人的一件事，尤其當妳在分娩的這段期間只有感受到自己的無比脆弱，妳絕對會需要一個懂妳也懂妳的寶寶的團隊來支持妳：一個能不時監測妳和寶寶狀態的專業團隊，且具備充分耐心可以願意一一回答妳百萬種不可思議的問題。妳絕對會需要一個盡量能讓妳感到放心的環境，在這可能是妳人生中最不舒服的一天！(或者舉我為例，我人生中最不舒服的38小時！)
I honestly don’t know what I would have done without the support of Dr. Jason Lin, Wendy (our doula), and the rest of the nurses and staff at 禾馨婦產科-專業母胎兒醫學中心 . Having a baby is a wonderful, yet absolutely terrifying thing, and you feel completely vulnerable when you are going through labor. You need a team by your side who knows what YOU want for your delivery and for you and your baby. A professional group who is there to monitor you and your baby in case anything goes wrong, and who is also caring and supportive enough to answer all of your millions of silly questions. You need an environment which makes you feel as comfortable as possible, in what is going to possibly be THE MOST UNcomfortable day in your life! (Or, in my case, 38 LOOONG hours of my life!)

謝謝林醫師的熱情和專業，尤其在回答我們千奇百怪的問題的同時還能用一套幽默與邏輯來平息我們的不安。如果我真的要再做一次生產這件事，不用問，我一定會讓George來生...哈哈。不過說真的，我真的找不到第二人選來幫我的男寶寶順產接生。
Thank you Dr. Lin for your passion for your job, your professionalism when answering our questions, and your sense of humor to calm our nerves. If I had to do it all over again, there’s no question… I’d make GEORGE have our baby… Haha. But seriously, I can’t think of a better person that I’d rather have deliver our baby boy.

再來是護理長王俐文，妳真的是上帝派來的天使、我的救世主！妳陪伴著我和George最難熬的那幾個小時是我永生難忘！妳在我最艱困的的每一次陣痛幫我擦乾我的眼淚、用妳的笑容鼓勵我，幫我擠出那些痛、按摩我、跟我一起做骨盆搖擺運動，妳是我的意志力讓我堅持到最後。真的真的真的好感謝妳
And Wendy. Oh Wendy. You are an angel. A godsend. My savior! The hours that you spent with George and I during my most difficult moments will never be forgotten. You helped wipe away my tears, encouraged me with your smile, squeezed, massaged, swayed, and moved with me through all of my toughest contractions, and you kept me sane when I thought I couldn’t last another second. THANK YOU THANK YOU THANK YOU.

獻給那些即將臨盆的媽咪們，我不騙你，生產真的是我人生目前做過最嚇人的一件事！我從來沒有為一件事情如此害怕、緊張過。不過希望妳也可以一樣，有個很支持妳、照顧妳的家人和醫療團隊在妳身邊，也能像我一樣，順利地生出健康、開心又獨一無二珍貴的寶寶，妳們的寶寶！祝妳好運！加油！
To any moms out there about to deliver a baby, I won’t lie. It is the scariest thing I have ever done in my life. I have never been so nervous or scared about anything before. But hopefully, like me, you have an amazing support group and family by your side… and like me, you will also deliver a healthy, happy and precious baby. YOUR baby. GOOD LUCK. JIA YOU！

[The Evolution of Religions in India]

In the early days, India had a great civilization. From 3000-2000 BC, Harappa and Mohenjodaro were the great civilizations there. The actual occupants of India who lived there were the Dravidia race. The Dravidia were the indigenous people who have lived in Harrapa which was located in Punjab and North Karachi around 3000-2000 BC [1].

Dravidia was known to believe in politheist that is believing in multiple Gods. This can be segregated into many for instance, God in fertility and God in prosperity [2]. According to Ernest Mackay in his book titled Early Indus Civilizations, most of the Indus worshipped animals such as crocodiles and elephants and trees like peepal [3]. Moreover, rituals such as slaughtering animals were held to be presented in front oftheir Gods. Apart from that, they found a man-made pool where a ritual called “Great Bath” was performed. The “Great Bath” was the holy bath ritual and this was found in Mohenjodaro. The purpose of this worship and ritual was to show their gratitude towards the Gods to receive blessing and prosperity upon them [4].

There is a famous theory interpreted as the change of the India social life structure in those days. This theory relates to Arya entering India. Around 1800-1000 BC, the Arya which was originated from Iran entered India. The word Arya means noble and they were noble race. Their facial features were fair skin with pointed nose and were famous for their art of war. The Dravidia were not good in war and therefore they were defeated by the Arya. Hence, the Dravidia people migrated to the South part of India [5]. The evidence of this war was proven by the archaeologist who performed the excavation in Harappa. They found lots of dead human skeleton which proves that the war happened between Arya and Dravidia and Arya defeated Dravidia. Apart from that, the Harappa city was demolished [6].

Introduction of Monotheism By Arya to India
In India, the structure of the religion was influenced by the Arya until Brahma was introduced or also known as Hindu today. Way before Arya entered India, they had their own belief and it was called Arya Dharma [7]. Dharma means ‘Way of Life’ and therefore Arya Dharma means ‘Arya Way of Life’[8]. The concept of Arya Dharma is that they believe in one God and this is referring to the monotheism [9]. Most of the westerner researchers claimed that Arya Dharma was influenced by the Zoroaster religion which was originated from Iran. This is because there are similarities in the Book of Veda and the Holy Book of Zoroaster that is the Gathas according to Mary Boyce in her research from the Zoroastrians: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices.

Another source claims that Arya Dharma was influenced by the Abraham or Ibrahim from Mesopotamia. Prof Uthaya Naidu mentioned in his book titled “Bible of Aryan Invasions: Aryan Invasions & Genocide of Negroes, Semites & Mongols The Bible of Aryan Invasions” that in between 1500 BC and 800 BC there were 4 attacks following by the Aryan entering India. The 4 attacks were called:
1. Arya Rigvedic (1500 BC)
2. Aryan II (1400 BC)
3. Ras Arya Krishnaite (1200 BC)
4. Ras Arya Mahabharata (900-800 BC)

The first invasion which is known as Arya Rigvedic was the major attack caused by Arya to India and fought with Dravidia which was the first people to attack the civilization in Indus river. It resulted in Dravidia was defeated and were expelled to South India. In the following century which was known as the second entry of Arya to India it was known as Indo-Arya civilization. The Arya conquered two main parts in India: Punjab and Doab [10]. After the entrance of Aryan II to India, the Book of Veda was written in Sanskrit as the main language. This is because the Aryan II spread their belief and religion to India. The belief and religion that was brought to India by Arya was influenced by monotheism.
They worshipped a God named Brahman. Apart from that, they also believed in multiple Gods that represents world such as Pretivi as the God of Earth, Surya as the God of Sun, Vayu as the God of Wind, Varuna as the God of Ocean and Agni as the God of Fire [11]. Although the names of the Gods had only existed after the writing of Book of Veda, the spiritual belief towards the Gods were there way before that [12].

Vedic Era
When Aryan started to migrate to India, the mixture of the culture and religion occurred and therefore this was how the Book of Veda was written around 1400 to 1000 BC. It was known as the Vedic Era [13]. The Book of Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Athraya Veda were written based on the mixture of Arya theology and Dravidia. Moreover, they had also written another Holy book which was called Upanishads. The content of Books of Veda and Upanishads were combined and called as the Holy Book of Sruti was revealed [14].

Veda was originally called as Brahma religion and the language of this religion was called the Sanskrit. The believers mastered this language [15]. Originally, the Sanskrit was mastered by the Aryan only. But after mastering the language, the people were slowly not interested to master the language anymore. Hence, the mixture of the Sanskrit language with the language used by Dravidia, came in the new languages such as the Kannada, Telugu and Malayali. These new languages were originated from the ancient language of Proto Dravida which was mixed from the halt of the usage of the Sanskrit by the Brahmin [16].

This is because the Brahmin or the priests of the Brahmin were originally from the Arya clan and therefore, they were responsible to teach the Indians in Sanskrit language [17].

The Birth of Non-Caste Religion in India
In the 7th Century BC, the Brahmin had introduced the caste system that is the hierarchical system [18]. This hierarchical system consisting of religionist, rulers (government), companies and those people who followed the religion. In 600 BC, a ruler for the Jainism religion came into picture and was known as Vardhmana or Mahavira. This religion did not practice the caste system like the Brahma did. The language used in Jainism was Prakrit but this religion was only practiced inside India. No sign of development of this religion outside India.

After a few years later, around 563 BC, the Siddharta Gautama Buddha was born. He introduced his religion which was called Buddha without the caste system. He used Pali as the langugage to convey the religion. He had so many students under him and this made the Buddhism to be spread world wide. When these two religions (Jainism and Buddhism) were developing, the Vedic or the Brahma was slowly degenerating.

The Introduction to the writing of Holy Book of Smriti
As the time, culture and geography changed, the Sanskrit language had diminished. But the effort was still there to make sure that the Sanskrit language preserved. Wendy Doniger mentioned in her book titled The Hindus: An Alternative History that a new wave existed which had historical and saga elements and these books are Mahabhrata and Ramayana. The writing of these scriptures started in 300 BC-200 C and some historians claimed that the writing of the two books started in 400 BC [19].

This time around was known as the Wiracarita where a big epic war occurred between Arjuna, Krishna (Mahabhrata) and Sri Rama (Ramayana). In Mahabhrata, it consists of stories that relates to the existence of multiple Gods that led to the development of the Book of Purana [20]. The writing and the development of this Book was meant to maintain the usage of Sanskrit language among the Aryan people in India.
During 300 BC till 500 C was the time of new development in Brahma. It was known as Puranic time where the writing of the other scriptures began besides the Book of Sruti (Veda and Upanishads) in order to be used in Brahma [21]. The writing of the other Holy Book besides Sruti was known as the writing of Smriti. Among the Holy Books that were written during this time comprising Books of Sutra Dharma, Shastras, Mahabhrata, Ramayana, Bhagavad Gita, Pura and others.

During Puranic time, the construction of the statue of Greece or Hellenism had started to enter India and influenced the Brahma. Apart from that, Dravidia was the main religion that introduced polytheism and it also reflect in the writings of the holy books and Purana story-line. In the early history, the Brahma was not known as worshipperof multiple Gods (polytheism). They only believed in one God. Around 1500 BC to 300 BC (Vedic), no signs of holy statues found and worshipped by the people during that time.

Why the era of Vedic do not have statue?
In the era of vedic (1500 SM- 500 SM), there were no idol or image of God worshipped by the people during that time. It is due to the law which forbid to create idols in the image of God as stated in the book of Veda and Upanishads (Sruti). Furthermore, the book Veda and Upanishads should be their reference. Following verse shows the prohibition of worshipping idols:
1) “na tasya pratima asti
“God do not have any image.” (Yajurveda 32:3)

2) “shudhama poapvidham”
“God do not have established body and it is pure.” (Yajurveda 40:8)

3) “Andhatama pravishanti ye asambhuti mupaste”
“Those worshipper of nature (air, water, fire or soil) will enter darkness and even goes in deeper for those who worship idols.(Yajurveda 40:9)

Even during this era, the characteristics of monotheism of God was emphasized in the Rig Veda and Upanishads.
1) “Ekam sadvipra bahudhaavadanti
“God is one and intelligent people praise God with various name” ( Rigveda book 1: hymn 164 verse 46)

2) “Ekam eva advityam Brahman”[22]
“God is one, there is no two” (Chandogya Upanishad chapter 6 hymn 2 verse 1)
Moreover, there are many verses similar to it but the religion started to grow with the additional Holy Book in year of 300 SM. It is known as the wave writing of the Smriti Book which gave an impact towards Brahma religion till the story of God’s and King’s that rapidly persuaded by own verse interpretations. It can be seen in the book of Mahabhrata and the book of Purana. The book of Purana contained many parts which well known as Mahapurana which divided into 18 books such as;
a) Brahmapurana, b) Padmapurana, c) Visnupurana, d) Bhagavatapurana, e) Naradapurana, f) Markandeypurana, g) Agnipurana, h) Bhavisyapurana, i) Brahmavaiavartapurana, j) Lingapurana, k) Varahapurana, l) Skandapurana, m) Kurmapurana, n) Matsyapurana, o) Garudapurana, dan p) Brahmandapurana.
This book was gathered within a long duration and known as the written period of Puranic. [23] There were mixed and additional information with regards to the question of God in Brahma religion happened in this era. It started from this era which the doctrine of pantheism and polytheism started to expand and grow within the Brahma adherent. The doctrine which believed that everything are able to provide benefits which constituted the elements of God (pantheism), worshipping idols and make God more than one which align with the incarnation of God. It undergo through creature body with various types (avatar) and henotheism.

New command of inventing Idols
The book Purana encourage the Hindu adherent to invent idols. There are text in the book Matsya Purana which explained about it and located under the topic of Arsetektur (base on the reference of I Wayan Maswinara.

“There are idols that must be placed inside the temple. The idol of God Visnu need to be designed with four hands and eight hands. If the design consist of 8 hands, the hand, we must hold the Sankha (Skin of a shell), gada, arrow and lotus. Left hand need to hold the arc, Padma, and a cakra. If they invent only four hands, gada and Padma consist in my right hand while cakra and sankha will be on left hand. Visnu will be pictured by standing on the early. Garuda the king of bird will move around it. Then, Garuda will be at the right leg of Visnu. Idols of Laksmi Goddess will be on the left side of Visnu idols and Laksmi idols need to hold the Lotus flower. The good idols will be created by gold, silver, copper, jewelry, stone, wood and a mix of metal. The size of Gods and Goddess has to be true.”[25]

Same goes to other Gods. Purana has outlined the picture and image of their God until the idols needs to be created. For example, the face and structure of Siva has been outlined in the Purana:
”Idol of Lord Siva need to be created using a loose long hair and need to put a moon on the forehead. The idols need to describe Siva at the age of 16 years old. Siva need to wear clothes which created by animal fur and has snake necklace on his neck. The ear will be attach with peacock fur. If the stick need to be attached, it has to be on the left side. Furthermore, Siva ride on a cow which the idols have two hands and if the idols of Siva is made in situation of dancing, the idols need to consist of 10 hands. Moreover, if the idols is meant to show Lord Siva destroying the Tripura, the idols need to have 16 hands.”[26]
The book of Purana explained the story about the requirement of designing the Idols. It shows the development which do not belongs to the actual teaching of Veda. Even Siva did not mention in the earliest book such as Veda and Upanishads. [27] In the Era in which is the rising of second Hindu religion which there were many additional doctrine of the Veda teaching.
In the era of Puranic, the religion of Hindu was influenced by polytheism. Besides, the development and expanding of worshipping the idols at temples happened. After that, the religion of Brahma started to extinct. During the rulings time of Asoka in India, under the empire of Maurya. King Asoka declared the Buddhism as their official religion. In year 269-232 SM. King Asoka emphasized on the language usage of Pali in order to spread the religion of Buddha. [28]

At the ruling time of Asoka, the development and preaching of Hinduism in India was stunted due to expanding of Buddhism religion rapidly towards the east. After a while, Brahma religion gain new opportunity when the empire of Gupta took over the ruling dominantly in India.

During this era, the usage of Sanskrit language was revived and indicates Hinduism religion as an official religion. Moreover, during the rising of Gupta empire (320 M- 500 M) shows the development of Hinduism traditions which is to create few flow that focuses towards the Lords inside the community. For example, Vaishnavisme ( focused on Vishnu), Shaivisme ( focused on Siva ) and Shaktisme ( focused on head of Goddess). That’s the reason why the Hindu temple was influenced by God from Siva, Vishnu and Devi family. There was no temples focus on Brahma result to different types of Brahma which rarely spoken by the Hindu followers.[29]

Based on Wendy Doniger books entitle The Hindus, the written of Smriti book was successfully completed and gathered during the Gupta empire and was made as reference for Hindu followers. The books of Purana was made as an important reference of the infrastructure of idols inside the temples. The image of Gods inside the temples was majoritydesigned according to the book of Purana.[30] Therefore, the practice of Hinduism in this era are mostly influenced with the development of Puranic and Gupta empire.

Discussion about the Hinduism name.
The word Hindu or Hinduism was not found in any holy book of Hinduism even the word was been newly introduced.[31] Based on Pundit Jawahar LaI Nehru inside the book, Discovery of India, the word Hindu was firstly used by the Persian which refers to the Indus River. They called it as Hindus.[32]

After that, the word Hindu was used by an author from British in the year of 1830. It refers to the teachings and religion professed by the community overthere. Polemic occurred among the scholars in India towards the name of religion professed by the Hindu follower. They embraced the Veda scriptures. They enjoyed with the name Vedanta which means a person who followed the Veda scripture. There is also other name such as Sanatana Dharma which means the eternal truth (natural law). They are also synonym with Brahma religion while the word Hindu do not agree whole among their scholar. Moreover, the word was expand and become a specific name towards the religion embraced by a group of people who follow the Veda scriptures and culture of India.

Conclusion
The original teaching of Veda and Upanishads is emphasized on the concept of monotheism. The concept of God and Goddess was changed whilst entering the era when smriti is written. After that, it developed and expanded through the introduction of types of worshipping according to the classes of their Gods such as Siva, Vishnu and Dewi. It continued till the era which the Hinduism owns the history and faced the up and down phased in a long duration. It also includes the Modern era which consist of few figures such as Ram Mohan Roy, Sri Ramakrishna, Swami Vivekananda, Mahatma Gandhi and many more that contribute the innovation of ideas towards this teaching.

Key Note:
__________________________________
[1] Before the existent of Dravidia group, theearliest group are as such Negrito and Ausroloid. Dravidia group is a group that developed the big civilization in India and they ruled the place before the coming of Arya group.
[2]Ibid,pg45
[3] Refer to Ernest Mackay, (1948). Early Indus Civilizations, Luzac & Company LTD, London,hlm52-76
[4] Refer to Esa Khalid & Mohd Azhar Abd Hamid, (2005). Beberapa Aspek Tamadun Melayu, India, China dan Jepun, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor,pg 341/ Refer Professor Gavin Flood, (2009). History of Hindusim - www.bbc.co.uk-religions Hinduism- Discussion about the Gods of Hindu also got controversy which is discovering the Proto Siva idols which worshipped by the Dravidia people. The polemic still discussed among the teologent.
[5] That’s the reason why North of India and South of India have significant differences. They were known as Tamil community in South of India and were known as Hindustan community in North of India. The differences not only the face and genetics but the differences in terms of speech, thinking and beliefs.
[6] Refer to Rasamandala Das, (-). The Illustrated Encylopedia of Hinduism, Lorenz Books, Armadillo, page 20-21 / Refer Sihombing,(1962). India: Sejarah dan kebudayaan, Bandung: SumurBandung,no.12.
[7] Flood, Gavin D. (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism, Cambridge University Press, pg 3
[8] Refer to Hiltebeitel, Alf (2007). artikel Hinduism. Edited by Joseph Kitagawa, "The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture, RoutledgeCurzon Tylor & Francis Group,London, pg3-6
[9] Mohd Rosmizi Abd Rahman dan rakan-rakan, (2012). Agama-Agama Di Dunia, USIM,NegeriSembilan, pg 37
[10] Refer to Drs. I Ketut Wiana, M. Ag, (2013). Pokok-Pokok Ajaran Hindu, PT Paramita Surabaya, pg 6
[11] Refer to Muhammad Alexander, (2011). Yakjuj & Makjuj 5 Gelombang Pembawa Bencana, PTS, Selangor, pg 311
[12] Interesting discussion by Prof. Uthaya Naidu have a view which the Gods inside Veda was the name of the leaders of Arya Nation when they entered India. One of it is Indra which was known as Lord of Wind. Refer to text Veda which are Rig Veda VIII, 87: 6, Rig Veda IX 73: 5, Rig Veda VI 130: 8, Rig Veda VII 12: 4, it is a text indicates the story of Indra fighting against the black community or known as Dravidia and Koloria during the conquer of India. [13] Refer to Singh, Upinder (2008). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century, pg 185/ Refer Drs. I Ketut Wiana, M. Ag, (2002). Pokok-Pokok Ajaran Hindu, Penerbitan Paramita Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia, pg 6-7/ Refer Abu Su’ud, (1988). Memahami Sejarah Bangsa-Bangsa Asia Selatan, Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Derektorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, no 46
[14] Lihat Rasamandala Das, (-). The Illustrated Encylopedia of Hinduism, Lorenz Books, Armadillo, pg 23.
[15] It is a need to emphasis that Arya Nation did not embraced Hinduism but they brought a new teaching gained by Indo-Arya, according to Prof, Norman Brown inside the Book, Pakistan and Western Asia. The culture of Arya was closer to Zoroaster Avesta holy scriptures which teach oneness of God. Meanwhile Hinduism is a result of syncretism with the culture of others after long time they stayed till the existent of Hinduism today.
[16] Refer to Soegiri DS, (2008). Arus Filsafat, PT Ultimus, Bandung, Indonesia, hlm 244, It is due to the group of Aryan that wants the community to use the Sanskrit language as their medium communication while in earliest phase they used Sanskrit language as a foreign language which do not used by the Dravidia tribes.
[17] Refer to Arnold Toynbee (2004). Sejarah Umat Manusia, Pustaka Pelajar, Yogyakarta, pg 189-192.
[18] Eventhough the arguments that Kasta or Varna was introduced in Rig Veda books: 90: 11-12 but the meaning does not refer to some part of the community which built one body. The complicated Kast system was covered with religion which started to develop in the era of 8 SM.
[19] Refer Wendy Doniger, (2009). The Hindus: An Alternative History, Penguin Books, USA, pg 214-230. There are few opinions was written in the year 400 SM such as Molloy, Michael (2008). Experiencing the World's Religions. pg 87 dan Brockington, J. (1998). The Sanskrit Epics, Leiden pg 26 and Van Buitenen; The Mahabharata, Jilid. 1; The Book of the Beginning. Introduction.
[20] Refer Ananda K. Coomarasmawy & Sister Nivedita, (2016). Myths Of The Hindus And Buddhists, Dover Publications, New York, pg 4-10.
[21] Furthermore, they faced downturn era in between the duration of Puranic.
[22] Max Muller translated: “In the beginning,’my dear,’ my dear,’there was that only which is (τὸ ὄν), one only, without a second. Others say, in the beginning there was that only which is not (τὸ μὴ ὄν), one only, without a second; and from that which is not, that which is was born.”
[23] Differences occurred among the Indologist regards to the date of Purana firstly written. Based on Wendy Doniger also did research about the age of the Purana scriptures written and they identified it was around 250 M-1000 M. It started with Matsya Purana and Markandey Purana around 250 M and end with Linga Purana around 1000 M.
[24] Avatar was an incarnation or the birth of God in a form of human such as Lord Visnu. Lord Visnu came down to the earth through incarnation and become Sri Rama, Krishna and Buddha.
[25] Refer to I Wayan Maswinara, (2002). Matsya Purana, PT Paramita, Surabaya, pg 88-89.
[26] Ibid pg 89
[27] Siva’s name was not found in the Veda and Upanishads scriptures. It was introduced in the era of Puranic. Their scholars have an opinion about the character of Siva inside the Veda which is Rudra. Refer to Stephen Knapp (2010). Avatars, Gods and Goddesses of Vedic Culture,hlm4.
[28] Refer to Azharudin Mohd Dali, (2004). Tamadun India, Dewan Bahasa Dan Pustaka, KualaLumpur,hlm93-94
[29] Refer to Professor Gavin Flood, (2009). History of Hindusim - www.bbc.co.uk-religions Hinduism: Safe to say that there wasn’t a Brahma Temple
[30] Refer to Wendy Doniger, (2009). The Hindus: An Alternative History, Penguin Books, USA, pg 370-405
[31] Refer to James Hansting and others (-) Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, Jilid 6 pg 699
[32] Inside Zend Avesta scriptures, the usage word of Hapta-Hendu refers to India. Refer to Zend Avesta, Vendidad: Fargard 1. 8

Use the Donchian Channel to time your entries, filter high-probability setups and ride massive trends.

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If you want more actionable trading tips and strategies, go to https://www.tradingwithrayner.com

First and foremost, what is a Donchian Channel? How do I get this indicator on my chart? If you're using TradingView just go down to the Indicator Tab, search for Donchian, and you click this one over here, and here's what you see on your chart, the Donchian Channel. It comes with the default 20-period setting.

Tips for Trading with Donchian Channel #1
The first tip is that you can use Donchian Channel to help you filter for high-probability trading setups. It can help you to trade with the trend. Here's how. Let's say you want to buy with the trend. What you'll do is pay attention to the middle band and where the price is relative to the middle band. If the price is below the middle band, then you look for short trading opportunities. Means you look to sell. If the price is above the middle band, then you look for long trading opportunities, meaning you look to buy. This is a simple filter that will keep you on the right side of the markets more often than not.

Tips for Trading with Donchian Channel #2
The second thing a Donchian Channel can do for you is to help you time your entries. What you can do is you can look to trade the breakdown or the breakup. Can see that over here this candle over here pretty much made a new 20-day low. You can look to short the market, as the price made a new 20-day low. Alternatively, this candle over here made a new 20-day high, so you can look to buy the market as the price makes a new 20-day high. This is only to serve as an entry trigger. This is not a strategy but just an entry trigger.

Tips for Trading with Donchian Channel #3
The third thing a Donchian Channel can do for you is to help you ride massive trends. Here's how it works. You can see, right? Let's say, for example, you are short this market, this crude-oil market. Let's say the market breaks this low over here, this 20-day low, you go short. Let's say your stop-loss; it's above this swing high, let's say you put it somewhere here, one ATR above it, somewhere here. You can trail your stop-loss using this middle band over here. This means if the price doesn't break above the middle band, you will stay short, you will hold onto your short position.

Tips for Trading with Donchian Channel #4
The fourth tip is that the Donchian Channel works very well with the Average-True-Range indicator. Let me pull out this ATR indicator. We'll use the default settings, as well. I don't have to be too fancy on this. I like to look at the weekly chart. The thing that I like to look for is to see low volatility in the markets. I want to see that the ATR value is at multiyear lows. This means that the ATR value over the last two or three years, this is the lowest level. This is what I'm looking for.

If you want to learn more, you can go down to my website TradingWithRayner.com, and scroll down to the bottom, and you can see these two trading guides: The Ultimate Trend Following Guide and The Ultimate Guide to Price-Action Trading. If you want to learn how to ride massive trends in a market, go and download this guide over here, the trend-following guide, because I'll share with you practical trading strategies and techniques to ride massive trends.

If you want to learn more about price-action trading to better time your entries and exits you can download this Ultimate Guide to Price-Action Trading. Both of them are completely free. Just come down to my website, TradingWithRayner.com, click on this blue button, and I'll send it to your email, for free.

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Did you read the paper? They'll be coming for us soon
Come on Rocket, we're going to the moon
We could shoot for the sun, but that'd be too soon
So one step at a time. Let's get the moon

Since you were a thought
Floating around in our minds
We knew that you could teach us the true meaning of life

Is to try without fire and blast through all our fears
You can fly so much higher and take us all from here

Did you read the paper? They'll be coming for us soon
Come on Rocket, we're going to the moon
We could shoot for the sun, but that'd be too soon
So one step at a time. Let's get the moon

You could not be bought boy
You'd be sold out all the time
Who wouldn't queue and long for
The vital meaning of life

Which is to ride heart and mind and learn along the way
Find our stride inside with no turbulence or sway

Did you read the paper? They'll be coming for us soon
Come on Rocket, we're going to the moon
We could shoot for the sun, but that'd be too soon
So one step at a time. Let's get the moon

You're the one I promise you
Love is your rocket fuel
Nothing is stopping you
You're special
Keep climbing impossible
A thousands of altitude
Isn't that what God will do
You're special

Did you read the paper? They'll be coming for us soon
Come on Rocket, we're going to the moon
We could shoot for the sun, but that'd be too soon
So one step at a time. Let's get the moon

Did you read the paper? They'll be coming for us soon
Come on Rocket, we're going to the moon
We could shoot for the sun, but that'd be too soon
So one step at a time. Let's get the moon

作詞/作曲：Pharrell Williams

《Rocket's Theme》歌詞 © Sony/ATV Music Publishing LLC, Universal Music Publishing Group


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World's best motorcycle pants are RHOK (search Ebay for them) A guy hired me to take him out for the day. Early into the ride he went down hard. I kept looking back to see if he was keeping up alright....and he was. So I didn't slow down. His accident is a combination of over confidence and you'll notice he turns his head before he crashes....look through the turn...etc..etc. I'll upload a video soon where I talk more about it. I didn't allow comments on this video when I first uploaded it because I know how crash vids on youtube work. You get a bunch of losers who have never ridden before insulting the rider. Heck....if someone uploaded a video of Valentino Rossi crashing while on the street (without people realizing it's him)......you'd have hundreds of comments like "Fucking noob shouldn't even own a bike....learn how to ride!" . LOL

You can tell that his line is a bit unstable from the start. He seems to adjust his line multiple times through each bend. He should have realized that he wasn't taking the corners smoothly and backed off. I didn't realize this as I couldn't watch him long enough to see while being in front.

Partially because of this day I focused more on safety for my June Tour and it seemed to help. We didn't have a single crash for my June 2012 tour.

Another thing to note is that right before the corner that he crashes on I slow down a bit.....but he doesn't seem to......the gap between us becomes shorter right before the crash. Meaning he took that specific corner at a higher rate of speed than myself.

He broke his leg in a few places. He was amazingly optimistic and never seemed bothered or even complained about the incident. His biggest mistake was over confidence which isn't such a bad thing......and his attitude was the best about the accident. I have a lot of respect for him.