母語者比較不會用英文溝通?
Wut...?
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When it comes to communicating in English with an international audience, native speakers don’t always do so well.
若要以「英語」與國際聽眾進行交流,母語者未必能與非母語者進行有效地溝通。
Sometimes, such inability to accommodate non-native speakers can lead to substantial financial losses for multinational companies.
有時,無法考量非母語者的溝通需求,可能會使跨國公司蒙受巨大的經濟損失。
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《NPR》報導:
Picture this: A group of nonnative English speakers is in a room. There are people from Germany, Singapore, South Korea, Nigeria and France. They're having a great time speaking to each other in English, and communication is smooth.
•picture(v.) 想像,設想
•have a great time doing sth 做某事很開心
•smooth 順利的,流暢的
想像一下:一群母語非英語的人同在一個房間裡。有來自德國、新加坡、韓國、奈及利亞以及法國的人。他們開心地以英語交談,而整體的溝通也相當流暢。
ᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯ
And then an American walks into the room. The American speaks quickly, using esoteric jargon ("let's take a holistic approach") and sports idioms ("you hit it out of the park!"). And the conversation trickles to a halt.
•esoteric 極不尋常的;只有少數人(尤指內行)才懂的;限於小圈子的
•jargon 行話,行業術語
•a holistic approach 全面性的方法 ; 完整取向、全方位取向
•sports idioms 體育相關的成語,慣用語
•trickle to a halt 遂逐漸停止
•trickle 從…向下滴(或淌)
*hit/knock the ball out of the park 字面上的意思是「把球打出棒球場」,慣用語的意思則是「某事做的非常好,令人驚艷」。
結果,有個美國人走進房間。這位美國人說話很快,使用少數人才懂的的術語(「讓我們採用整全的方式」)以及與體育相關的成語(「你把球打出了公園!*」)。整場談話遂逐漸停止。
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Decades of research shows that when a native English speaker enters a conversation among nonnative speakers, understanding goes down. Global communication specialist Heather Hansen tells us that's because the native speaker doesn't know how to do what nonnative speakers do naturally: speak in ways that are accessible to everyone, using simple words and phrases.
•communication specialist 溝通專家
•accessible 可以理解的;易懂的
數十年的研究表明,當母語為英語的人參與非母語者之間的談話時,理解力會下降。全球溝通專家 Heather Hansen 告訴我們,這是因為母語者無法自然地以非母語者的方式來溝通:以大家都能接受的方式交談——使用簡單的詞彙與片語。
ᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯ
And yet, as Hansen points out, this more accessible way of speaking is often called "bad English." There are whole industries devoted to "correcting" English that doesn't sound like it came from a native British or American speaker. …It turns out that these definitions of "good" and "bad" English may be counterproductive if our goal is to communicate as effectively as possible.
•point sth out 指出
•turn out …地發生(或發展);結果是(尤指出乎意料的結果)
•counterproductive 産生相反效果的;産生相反作用的;事與願違的,適得其反的
惟正如 Hansen 所指出,這種所謂更容易理解的說話方式,通常被稱為「破英語」。也有行業致力於「糾正」那些聽起來不像英國或美國母語者的英語。⋯⋯事實證明,如果我們的目標是盡可能地有效交流,那麼這些對「好」英語與「壞」英語的定義可能會適得其反。
ᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯᕯ
A balance needs to be struck. There is also a clear difference between helping students improve their English in a classroom and being overly judgmental in a business meeting (or on the Internet ><).
就我個人而言,我認為在這種情況下需探求一個平衡點。在課堂上幫助他人提高英語能力,以及在國際商務會議(或網路上)中過於苛刻,這兩者顯然有極大的區別。
However, if the goal is to communicate effectively with an international audience, native speakers could be more accommodating. At least, that's the view taken by the articles below.
但以下文章認為,若母語者的目標是有效地溝通,那麼在以英語與國際聽眾交流時,母語者應表現得更加隨和。
*accommodating 樂於助人的;與人方便的;通融的
完整NPR報導:https://n.pr/3y6g9IM
BBC相關報導:https://bbc.in/3h5MkCy
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圖片出處: https://bit.ly/3x2lr7X
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過267萬的網紅阿滴英文,也在其Youtube影片中提到,真是太實用啦!VIP 小滴們有沒有覺得 CP 值真的很高呀?滴妹果然是 RD 英文的 MVP!大家趕快把 SIM卡都改成全糖卡! 訂閱阿滴英文 ▶ http://bit.ly/rde-subscribe 阿滴英文2019年桌曆現正預購中 ▶ https://goo.gl/TE7cT6 影片重點整理...
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knock out意思 在 八鄉朱凱廸 Chu Hoi Dick Facebook 的精選貼文
【絕食第80日】【80th Day of Hunger Strike: Update & Volunteers' Thoughts】
17 / 9 / 2020
▍「除了停止了探訪外,這裡任何東西都沒變過。廁所依然是那麼髒,他們(入境處)連一塊香皂都沒有多給我們。」- 羈留者O生氣的說
自9月6日CIC出現第二單新冠確診,CIC便停止了探訪,所有羈留者都已經十天因探訪暫停而無法獲得一些基本衛生護理物資。以下為義工H的心聲:
CIC對認可物資要求十分苛刻,書一定不要有任何標註,連一個「由XX中學圖書館捐贈」的印章也容不下,「呢本唔入得」;香皂只能是藍色的,但藥房通常是一排六塊的賣,只有兩塊是藍色,總有四塊紫色、白色不知如何處理;以為只要寫著「祝君早安」的毛巾便可以,買到了,職員又說「標誌中一的不是「合」字,這不是正版」,退回,不收;買了兩包M&M想給羈留者,但被告知一次一定要給5包,而且一定要是同一顏色的包裝。第一次聽到時會又生氣又無奈,明明都是香皂、毛巾,這些要求除了用來留難訪客,有任何意思嗎?每次探訪,更是總會見到其他訪客有一些東西因不乎要求而被退回,山長水遠走到來CIC,卻沒法送物資到親人、朋友手上,會感到很可惜嗎?
怒氣與無奈,隨著探訪次數漸多而慢慢地被磨蝕。為了能順利地把物資送到羈留者手上,更是練成了一對金精火眼,去到不同藥房都認得出物資,知道格價合理與否。這一陣子,見到任何藥房都會逛一逛,見到適合的便買下。這幾天都接給幾位羈留者的電話,有的說急需牙膏、香皂(只能通過探訪才能獲得),有的說很悶想收新的書。我想說,我都準備了,只是不知何時才見到他們。
羈留者的來電中,讓我除了知道他們需要的物資外,更是體會到自由對他們的迫切。「7樓的40多人全被送到隔離營了,你有他們的消息嗎?」S問。「我需要幫助。我不想繼續留在CIC,這裡有新冠病毒確診。這裡不安全。」R說。我想這次CIC這次確診引致的Lockdown和全院檢測已充份反映到這個地方十分高危,為何還是要強行把一班無罪的人拘禁,置他們的健康生命於危險中?
「我們差不多所有羈留人士已經聯名向入境處寫了一封投訴書,抗議停止探訪並要求交代原因。」O說。「希望很快可以容許探訪。」
▍“I am very angry about this lockdown. They (ImmD) did nothing more to advance any prevention or protection measures. Just lockdown. We are running out of toothpaste, soap and hand wash.” — Detainee I
Due to the discovery of the 2nd confirmed case of COVID-19 on 6th September, CIC has suspended all visit. All detainees have since been unable to receiving basic hygienic products from their visiting friends. It has been 10 days. Below are some thoughts of our volunteer H:
CIC is exceptionally meticulous, or better put, bureaucratic about the hand-in articles from visitors to detainees. A book must be totally clean, even a stamp that says “Donated by XX School Library” would made the book ineligible for handing in; The soap must be in blue, yet stores often sell this brand of soap in a pack of six, so volunteers would always be left with 4 bars of non-blue soap; when you bought the towel with the exact wording, the staff will always let you know that your towel is “knock-off” and therefore unaccepted; M&M must come in 5 packs of the same colour. When the articles I bought first got rejected by CIC officers, I was very frustrated. In terms of their function, the towels and soap I bought were just fine. And every time I visited, I always saw other visitors’ “unapproved” articles got rejected. Imagining coming all the way with the hope of giving a little something to make your detainee friend’s life slightly better, and yet got rejected for the bureaucratic instructions of CIC, would you feel upset?
Nevertheless, my angry and frustration has been numbed as I visited CIC more frequently. In order to successfully got the articles to detainees, I have become an expert. I have memorised the entire list of approved hand-in articles and know the prices for each item. And over time, I have stocked up these articles for the detainees. In the past few days, our concern group have received several calls from detainees, saying that they are lacking certain hygienic project. “We are running out of toothpaste, soap and hand wash.” they said. I would love to let them know that I have stocked up, yet I now have no idea when I can give things to them due to the lockdown in CIC.
From these calls from detainees, not only had I learnt about the certain items they need, but also what freedom meant to them. “40 detainees from 7/F have been sent to the isolation camp, do you have any news about them?”, detainee S asked me. “Actually I need help. I don’t want to stay long time in CIC. There is positive case here. CIC is not safe.” Detainee R said. I think the current lockdown of CIC have demonstrated exactly how CIC is not safe. There is a high risk for cross-infection of COVID-19 in CIC. So, why is the authority so determined to detain this group of innocent people, and put their health and lives in danger?
“Most detainees have wrote a complaint letter together to the Immigration Department against the lockdown and ask for reasons.” Said O. “Hope this complaint letter could help reopen visit soon.”
knock out意思 在 Claudia Mo/毛孟靜 Facebook 的精選貼文
#鼠年 講 #rat 抑或 #mouse 😉
#陳也 //先跟毛姨學吓英文,鼠年篤灰,二五仔最叻 rat on ...//
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明報
A16 | 英文 English | 毛孟靜
//十二生肖中,為什麼有老鼠,卻沒有貓?我們對老鼠通常並無好感,會罵人鼠輩、膽小如鼠,意思類似 coward 懦夫;形容人獐頭鼠目、蛇頭鼠眼,就等於英文的a ratty face。
而蛇鼠一窩,是指有一群形態鬼祟、心術不正的人 gang up 圖謀之意。
老鼠可登生肖龍虎榜的一個民間傳說,是這樣的:黃帝要選聘十二種動物來擔任宮廷衛士,眾動物皆應徵,原本是貓拜託老鼠代為報名,但老鼠騙了貓,報的是自己的名,從此貓鼠成為世仇:Cats and mice are perennial enemies.
這不禁令人聯想起卡通Tom and Jerry ,湯姆貓與謝利鼠,永恆互相追逐,鬥智鬥力;但他們並非仇家,有時也是朋友。
A Tom and Jerry relationship is also a love-hate relationship: They tease each other, knock down each other, irritate each other, but can't live without each other.湯姆貓與謝利鼠是又愛又恨的關係:他們彼此嘲諷攻擊、互相激怒,但卻不能沒有了對方。
鼠年,英文講Year of the Rat,為什麼一定是rat,不說mouse?這個,應該屬語文習慣,約定俗成,也許亦因為mouse的體積太小,too small,too insignificant,看似分量太輕。但事實上,rat 與 mouse 的頭及尾巴確有分別。
此外,除了米奇老鼠 Micky Mouse,鼠在英文的語境中,恰恰是可愛的相反。叫人做 a rat,就是鄙視其人形態卑劣、心術不正。A rat is a despicable person, especially one who is deceitful or disloyal,一個可恥的、尤其是欺詐或不忠的人。
Rat 用做動詞,一樣是負面的話:
To rat on someone,去做「二五仔」出賣對方,亦即香港人的流行語「篤灰」。
• You just don't rat on friends. 你就是不可出賣朋友。
• Many of his friends rallied to his support, others ratted and joined the enemy. 他的許多朋友群起支持他,但也有一些掉轉槍頭加入敵營。
而to rat someone out,可以跟上面的意思一樣,但亦可以調轉頭,變成是好人面對壞人的說法。
• He is a snitch. We need to rat him out. 他是個二五仔。我們要把他揪出來。
說到底即將送舊迎新,鼠年將至,總要有點吉利的話吧?
有,靈巧如鼠:Agile as a mouse / rat。
要注意的是,英文的機靈敏捷巧功,agility,通常不用鼠,而是以猴、蛇(正如中文會說靈猴、靈蛇)以及黃鼠狼來做比喻:
• Agile as a monkey 敏捷如猴
• Agile as a snake 機敏像蛇
• Agile as a weasel 靈活似黃鼠狼
文︰毛孟靜//
knock out意思 在 阿滴英文 Youtube 的精選貼文
真是太實用啦!VIP 小滴們有沒有覺得 CP 值真的很高呀?滴妹果然是 RD 英文的 MVP!大家趕快把 SIM卡都改成全糖卡!
訂閱阿滴英文 ▶ http://bit.ly/rde-subscribe
阿滴英文2019年桌曆現正預購中 ▶ https://goo.gl/TE7cT6
影片重點整理:
1. ATM = automated teller machine
2. AM/PM = ante meridiem / post meridiem
3. ok = all correct
4. KO = knock out
5. CP = cost–performance ratio
6. SM = sadism masochism
7. PK = player killing
8. MVP = most valuable player
9. VIP = very important person
10. PS = postscript
11. SIM = subscriber identity module
上一部影片 熊還可以這樣用! Bear 原來有這個意思!【2分鐘英語教室】
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xhiQzqQ5dY8
下一部影片 敬請期待!
阿滴英文的人氣影片:
■ 最有效背英文單字方法 https://youtu.be/gkVpNq4-wqs
■ 挑戰誰能先讓老師說出XXX! https://youtu.be/-wuBXIclVUo
■ 這些常唸錯的品牌到底怎麼發音? https://youtu.be/8-kgAqtuqNM
■ 三個訣竅講出流利英文 https://youtu.be/6JeTQb3YKYY
■ 這群人超瞎翻唱翻譯解析 https://youtu.be/uT4V2fbWFC4
■ 英雄聯盟打LoL必懂單字 https://youtu.be/VG_njlfMXhk
■ 挑戰15分鐘完成學測考題 https://youtu.be/l95ey_v5XTg
■ 阿滴滴妹參賽世大運 https://youtu.be/JHDF-SFvLFQ
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http://pressplay.cc/rayduenglish
合作邀約:rayduenglish@gmail.com
knock out意思 在 集勝文教Co-Winning Education Institute -何欣英文 - Facebook 的推薦與評價
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