「微解封」的英文怎麼說？
最近有蠻多同學寫信來詢問這個問題。
📌 首先，這是ＣＤＣ對「微解封」的聲明：
網傳「三級警戒微解封的不可思議之處」指揮中心：原同住家人就不受限制，謠言邏輯誤導且比喻失當，請勿輕信轉傳，造成防疫困擾。
完整公告請參考：https://bit.ly/3wHPQHT
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好，回到主題。
首先，我們知道解除疫情封鎖的英文是「lift COVID-19 restrictions」。
📌 lift (v.) 解除 （封鎖⋯⋯）
「lift」這個字有許多意思，這裡作為動詞使用，意思是：
to end a rule or law 取消、撤銷規定或法律
• The restrictions on water usage have been lifted now that the river levels are normal.
河水的水位已經恢復正常，因此用水限制被取消了。
• At last they've lifted the ban on jeans at the club.
最終他們取消了在俱樂部禁止穿牛仔褲的規定。
詳見劍橋詞典：https://bit.ly/3yKMzIZ
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📌「lift」在新聞稿中，也常被用來敘述解除與疫情封鎖相關的法令與措施：
• Scotland is due to move to Covid level 0 on 19 July, with most legal restrictions lifted on 9 August.
蘇格蘭將於７月１９日降至０級警戒，絕大多數的法律限制將於８月９日解除。
• The lifting of most Covid guidance and legal restrictions in England is expected on 19 July.
英格蘭絕大多數的新冠肺炎指示與法律限制預計將於 7 月 19 日解除。
——BBC
來源：https://bbc.in/36r8kS2
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• Is it wise to lift England’s Covid restrictions fully?
英國對新冠肺炎全面解封是否明智？
—— The Guardian
來源：https://bit.ly/3e6m6h6
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• Boris Johnson says England on track to lift Covid restrictions and rules on mask-wearing.
強森表示，英格蘭有望解除戴口罩的限制與規定。
• He said that regulations mandating face masks would be lifted and people would no longer be instructed to work from home.
他說，將解除強制戴口罩的規定，民眾亦無須在家工作。
——CNBC
來源：https://cnb.cx/3xANqf4
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• All across the country, mask mandates have eased, restrictions have lifted and most states have gone back to business as usual.
全國各地已放寬戴口罩的規定，限制已經解除，各州多已恢復正常營業。
• A state is considered fully reopened once it has lifted all specific restrictions on businesses statewide.
一旦該州解除對商業活動的所有特殊限制，就會被視為全面重啟。
——NY TIMES
來源：https://nyti.ms/3wyK9vq
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那為「微」解封到底該怎麼說？
在此一語境中，媒體常見的說法有下列幾種：
📌 1. loosen restrictions 放寬限制
loosen (v.) 鬆開，使…放鬆
• France and Belgium loosen Covid restrictions for summer.
法國與比利時放寬了夏季的新冠肺炎限制。
——BBC
來源：https://bbc.in/3hxEG3X
• Chile will loosen restrictions against the coronavirus for residents who are fully vaccinated.
智利將對已完成疫苗接種的居民放寬新冠肺炎的限制。
——Bloomberg
來源：https://bloom.bg/3e8XqEL
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📌 2. ease rules/restrictions 放寬規定／限制
ease (v.) 減輕；減低；緩解
• Belgium is also easing its rules to allow indoor dining at cafes and restaurants.
比利時還放寬規定，允許於咖啡館與餐廳內用餐。
• While promoting the easing of restrictions on Tuesday, President Emmanuel Macron was slapped during a visit to a hotel school in the south east of France.
週二，在推動鬆綁限制的同時，法國總統馬克宏在參訪法國東南部的一所飯店學院時挨了一巴掌。
——BBC
來源：https://bbc.in/3hxEG3X
• U.S. Retail Sales Forecast Rises Sharply as Covid-19 Restrictions Ease
隨著新冠肺炎限制的鬆綁，美國銷售預估驟升。
——WSJ
來源：https://on.wsj.com/3k4kJDB
• As restrictions ease, glimpses of a pre-pandemic world have begun to reappear.
隨著限制的鬆綁，世界在疫情前的些許景象開始重現。
—— The Economist
來源：https://econ.st/3hz5ZuS
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📌 3. partially lift restrictions 部分解除限制
• Taiwan’s CECC considers partially lifting Level 3 restrictions from July 12.
臺灣的中央流行疫情指揮中心考慮自７月１２日起部分解除３級警戒。
——Taiwan News
來源：https://bit.ly/36ybljm
• While many cultural attractions in France were reopening on Wednesday as coronavirus restrictions were partially lifted.
儘管只解除了部分新冠病毒的限制，法國的許多人文景點已於週三重新開放。
——NY Times
來源：https://nyti.ms/3hR6cIE
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📌 若要講得更細的話，可用以表達欲終止特定措施與法令：
• Other changes include an end to rules on working from home, although employers will have to agree the number of days staff come into the office in advance.
其他改變包括終止在家工作的規定，但雇主須提前同意員工待在辦公室的天數。
——BBC
來源：https://bbc.in/3hxEG3X
要全面重啟的話也可以使用「fully reopen」：
• In the few states that have yet to fully reopen, governors have set targets for doing so based on vaccination rates or other health measures.
在少數幾個尚未全面重啟的州裡，州長們已根據疫苗接種率或其他健康評估，設定了全面重啟的指標。
——NY Times
來源：https://nyti.ms/3wyK9vq
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📌 然而，表達或翻譯一個複雜的概念，須先參考語境（context）與語域（register）。如此，在詮釋時才可能提供完整且精準的表達。
context與register 的定義: https://bit.ly/2SsdxTg
最後，與疫情相關的資訊可至ＣＤＣ官網查證：https://www.cdc.gov.tw/
如果還有其他用英文表達「微解封」的方式，也歡迎到下方留言與我們分享～
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防疫相關的「時事英文」：https://bit.ly/2RWgfD3
英文學習「生態系」: https://bit.ly/2VvSfIE
圖片出處: Google Images
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