There’s rhythm in writing! 🎶
這個禮拜Presentality的Andrew來分享英文寫作的節奏!
★★★★★★★★★★★★
我的工作需要看非常多的英文。
其中有英文母語的人寫的，也有非母語的人寫的。最近，我注意到一個兩者之間很明顯的差別。這個差別很少有人提到，因為它無關文法正確，也不是有學問的用語，或是文雅的詞彙。
是句子的長短。
Well，更正確的來說，是長句跟短句的交錯。我發現，非母語人士寫的英文句子，不但比英文母語的人寫的長，而且是大部分句子都很長。
母語的人，尤其是很會寫的人，則是會把長句跟短句混合搭配。
那又怎樣？
★★★★★★★★★★★★
你可能會說 ok，以英文為母語的人比較會用短的句子，那又怎樣？句子的長短，跟我寫作的好壞，有關嗎？
關係可大了。
就像音樂，或是影片，文字也是「內容」。只要是「內容」，就有它的節奏。你可以想像一首曲子，從頭到尾都是很長的音，而且一點變化都沒有嗎？或是一部很長的影片，從頭到尾都是很長的畫面，而且一點節奏的變化都沒有嗎？
Well actually，你應該可以想像，這些就是要幫助我們睡眠的。
如果你不想要你的讀者覺得無聊或甚至睡著，我建議適度變換你文字的節奏。
但我們先看案例。
我拿一篇台灣人寫的文，跟另一篇美國人寫的，來做比較：把每個句子都分拆成不同的段落，句子的長短就一目了然了。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
但我們先看案例。
我拿一篇台灣人寫的文，跟另一篇美國人寫的，來做比較：把每個句子都分拆成不同的段落，句子的長短就一目了然了。
📌 台灣案例：Taipei Times Opinion
1. The TAIEX last month rose above 17,000 points as rallies in steel, shipping and some non-tech stocks offset a weakness in semiconductor and electronics stocks.
2. While news about a cluster of local COVID-19 infections connected with China Airlines cargo pilots and a hotel in Taoyuan fueled selling pressure early this month and pushed the local stock market into consolidation mode, the daily market turnover in the first two trading sessions of this month hit fresh highs.
3. Moreover, Taiwan’s stock trading volume last month began to surpass that of Hong Kong for the first time in 15 years, which was beyond most market participants’ expectations.
4. Taiwan’s daily market turnover exceeding Hong Kong’s might gradually become a new normal from this year, and there are good reasons for this.
5. First, Hong Kong’s stock market has lost its appeal to foreign investors since China last year imposed national security legislation on the territory, triggering a potential flight of capital and talent.
6. Second, many wealthy Taiwanese tend to park their overseas funds in Hong Kong, China, Singapore, Switzerland and the US, but government statistics showed that more than 80 percent of funds repatriated by wealthy individuals last year were from Hong Kong, as they saw the political situation in the territory worsen after its self-governance, human rights and freedom of speech were further suppressed.
7. Third, China’s new NASDAQ-style stock board — the Shanghai Stock Exchange’s STAR board — has emerged as a fast-growing capital markets center for Chinese companies at a time when rising China-US tensions have triggered concerns about their prospects of listing in New York, posing a growing challenge to the Hong Kong stock exchange.
8. On the other hand, Taiwan’s economic fundamentals, the central bank’s adoption of extraordinary monetary easing and the government’s fiscal policies have fueled continued rallies in the nation’s stock market since last year.
9. It might be too early to tell how long the consolidation trend might last, as a resurgent COVID-19 outbreak is coloring the global economic outlook, but some insight can be drawn from the stock market:
10. Taiwan’s GDP grew a larger-than-expected 8.16 percent in the first quarter, as exports and private investment remained healthy.
都是一堆很長的句子對不對？我們來看美國人寫的句子，也是一個主流媒體的 opinion 文。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
📌 美國案例：New York Times Opinion
1. I miss torturing Liz Cheney.
2. But it must be said that the petite blonde from Wyoming suddenly seems like a Valkyrie amid halflings.
3. She is willing to sacrifice her leadership post — and risk her political career — to continue calling out Donald Trump’s Big Lie.
4. She has decided that, if the price of her job is being as unctuous to Trump as Kevin McCarthy is, it isn’t worth it, because McCarthy is totally disgracing himself.
5. It has been a dizzying fall for the scion of one of the most powerful political families in the land, a conservative chip off the old block who was once talked about as a comer, someone who could be the first woman president.
6. How naïve I was to think that Republicans would be eager to change the channel after Trump cost them the Senate and the White House and unleashed a mob on them.
7. I thought the Donald would evaporate in a poof of orange smoke, ending a supremely screwed-up period of history.
8. But the loudest mouth is not shutting up.
9. And Republicans continue to listen, clinging to the idea that the dinosaur is the future.
10. “We can’t grow without him,” Lindsey Graham said.
📌 Note: 即使是比較長的句子，這位作者也會用標點符號拆散它：She is willing to sacrifice her leadership post — and risk her political career — to continue calling out Donald Trump’s Big Lie. 這就好比用句點一樣，讓我們讀起來有點停頓休息的時間。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
📌 注意到了嗎？
台灣人寫的英文，句子都偏長，而且長度都差不多。
美國人寫的就不一樣了：一個只有五個字的句子開頭，然後一堆稍微長一點的句子，然後再來一串短句。
你可能懷疑我故意挑選很極端了例子出來，而且幹嘛專門打台灣人呢？
所以想到這裡，我從我的書架上，隨便挑了兩本跟科技有關的書出來。左邊的，是美國人，矽谷知名投資人 Peter Thiel。右邊的是德國人，但注意了，是一個英文非常好的德國人。他不但是世界經濟論壇的創辦人，研究所也是在哈佛大學唸的。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
📌 兩本書 Introduction 是怎麼寫的？
Klaus Schwab (德國)：
Of the many diverse and fascinating challenges we face today, the most intense and important is how to understand and shape the new technology revolution, which entails nothing less than a transformation of humankind.
We are at the beginning of a revolution that is fundamentally changing the way we live, work, and relate to one another.
In its scale, scope and complexity, what I consider to be the fourth industrial revolution is unlike anything humankind has experienced before.
Peter Thiel (美國)：
Whenever I interview someone for a job, I like to ask this question: "What important truth do very few people agree with you on?"
The question sounds easy because it's straightforward.
Actually, it's very hard to answer.
It's intellectually difficult because the knowledge that everyone is taught in school is by definition agreed upon.
See the difference?
★★★★★★★★★★★★
📌 如何變換節奏呢？
需要Andrew的完整分享請留言「There’s rhythm in writing~」。
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other than文法 在 [文法] 請問關於other than 意義的分辨- 看板GRE 的推薦與評價
※ [本文轉錄自 Eng-Class 看板]
作者: timefreak (嘿~~孩子) 看板: Eng-Class
標題: [文法] 請問關於 other than 意義的分辨
時間: Thu Mar 6 13:17:35 2008
最近在看文章的時候常常被 other than 搞混
之前ㄧ直以為 other than 是 except 的意思
可是最近遇到很多文章用 except說不通
要用besides的觀念才符合文章邏輯
於是我查了字典 (Merriam-Webster) :
with the exception of :except for,besides
原來兩這都可以使用
可是這兩個是完全不同的概念
請問我該怎麼分辨啥時是 besides 啥時是 except呢?
舉例:
(取自GRE難句解)
Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances, its authors
react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological, and talking
about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents
much of the fictional enterprise.（4）
雖然小說無疑起源於政治情狀, 但其作者則是以非意識形態的方式對這些政治情狀作出
反應的, 而將小說和故事主要地當作意識形態的工具來探討, 會在相當程度上阻礙小說事
業。
(在這other than =except)
------------------------------------------
(取自GRE難句解)
This doctrine has broadened the application of the Fourteenth Amendment to
other, nonracial forms of discrimination, for while some justices have
refused to find any legislative classification other than race to be
constitutionally disfavored, most have been receptive to arguments that at
least some nonracial discriminations, sexual Discrimination in particular,
are "suspect" and deserve this heightened scrutiny by the courts.
這一學說把十四修正案的應用擴大到了其他方面，因為儘管由於一些法官拒絕用憲法來
給除種族外的東西來進行法定分類予以否定，許多人覺得這一論點可以接受；至少有一些
非種族的歧視，特別是性別歧視被懷疑要受法庭的仔細審查。
(在這ther than =except)
---------------------------------------------
(取自GRE閱讀全攻略同步練習p82)
Untile about five years ago, the very idea that peptide hormones might be
made anyware in the brain besides the hypothalamus was astounding.
....(略)
What is more, because peptide hormones cannot cross the blood-brain barrier,
researchers believed that they never got to any part of the brain other than
^^^^^^^^^^^
the hypothalamus, where they were simply produced and then released into the
bloodstream.
(在這other than=except)
But these beliefs about peptide hormones were questioned as
laboratory after laboratory found that antiserums to peptide hormones, when
injected into the brain, bind in places other than the hypothalamus,
^^^^^^^^^^^
indicating that either the hormones or substances that cross-react with the
antiserums are present.
(other than=besides)
---------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
Other than your identification document(s), personal items such as cell
phones, pagers, handbags, and study materials are not allowed in the testing
room and a secure storage area may not be available.
other than=besides
(other than=except)
--------------------------------------
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◆ From: 71.130.199.80
※ 編輯: timefreak 來自: 71.130.199.80 (03/06 13:58)
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◆ From: 71.130.199.80
※ 編輯: timefreak 來自: 71.130.199.80 (03/06 14:03)
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