關於 shock down中文 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

翻轉視界 18 Changing Perspective

There's not just one road to the destination, but many roads. You just need to take the little step that’s right in front of you, and then the next one, and a few years down the track, they will seem like massive achievements.

通往目的地的路不止一條，有很多路可走。你只需要邁出眼前這一小步，然後再邁出下一步，幾年下來，將會成為巨大成就。

文章來自於New Humans of Australia (有取得授權)

★★★★★★★★★★★★

I didn’t meet my father until I was 6 years old. My parents had a comfortable, middle-class life in Shanghai, or as close as you could get under communism. But they always wanted to live overseas, and just before I was born, my dad came to Sydney to set things up. I don’t know why, but in the end, my mother and I didn’t join him until I was 6.

•a middle-class life 中產階級生活
•set things up 打點一切
•live overseas 往海外生活
•in the end 最後 (表達在經過一段時間或一連串事件之後的結果)

直到六歲前我都未曾見過父親。我的雙親在上海過著舒適的中產階級生活，或著說，在共產階級下所能得到的最接近的生活。他們一直響往海外生活，就在我出生前，我父親來到雪梨打點一切。但不知何故，直到六歲那年我與母親才終於與父親團聚。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Unfortunately, half a year after we arrived, he left us. That was a huge shock. Our transition had already been quite difficult, as we both didn't speak English. Also, as Shanghai was such a big bustling city, Sydney felt a bit like the countryside, especially on the weekends, as no shops were open back then!

•shock 令人震驚的事件（或經歷）；驚愕，震驚 (come as a great shock 讓人倍感震驚)
•transition 轉變；過渡
•a bustling city 繁華都會

不幸的是，就在我跟母親抵達半年後，父親離開了我們。這是個巨大的打擊，因爲我們不會說英文，在適應過渡期本就已過得相當艱辛。此外，不同於上海的繁華都會，雪梨更像鄉下，尤其在週末，那時連商店都不開門。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

We were very much reliant on my dad, not only financially, but also as a conduit into the wider community. So to have that broken was quite distressing. I remember Mum crying a lot. As we had become socially isolated, we didn’t find out anything about Centrelink, so we survived on her savings for a while, and then got some help from her family back in China.

•be reliant on… 依賴...
•a conduit into 進入...的渠道
•distressing (adj.) 令人苦惱的,令人擔憂的
•become socially isolated 變得孤立於社會
•survive on her savings 僅靠的她積蓄過日子

我們相當依賴我父親，不僅是經濟，他也是我們進入更廣泛社區的渠道。因此，當局面被打破時令人相當痛苦，我還記得母親時常哭泣。由於我們孤立於社會，所以我們並不知道澳洲社會福利聯絡中心 （Centrelink）的任何資訊，僅靠母親的積蓄支撐了一段時間，然後從母親在中國的娘家得到一些幫助。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Eventually, Mum moved us down to Melbourne, where we were able to make some new networks and family friendships. But I was bullied a bit at school about things like my food and clothing! Whenever someone bullied me, I would defend myself, but because I didn’t have the language skills to explain to the teacher why, I got in trouble quite a bit. I ended up having to move school 3 times before I came to Balwyn Primary School, which was relatively multicultural.

•be able to 能夠
•make new networks 建立新的人脈，關係網
•be bullied 被霸凌
•language skills 語言能力
•get in trouble 惹上麻煩
•end up 最後處於；最後成爲；以…告終
•relatively 相對地
•multicultural 多元文化的

最後，母親帶著我搬遷到墨爾本，在那我們能夠建立起新的網絡與家庭情誼。然而。我在學校飽受霸凌，例如我的食物及衣物。每當有人霸凌我，我會自我防衛，但我的語言技巧不足以向老師解釋事發原因，因此常常陷入麻煩。後來我不得不再三轉學，直到就讀相對多元文化的博文小學（Balwyn Primary School）。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

After that, I did alright. Music featured very prominently in my life. I had started learning the violin from the age of 2.5 years old and even with all the troubles that were going on in my life, had somehow still kept up with it. As a result, I got a music scholarship to Trinity Grammar School. But even there I used to get into quite a lot of mischief, and would often skip school to go to the movies.

•do alight 過得不錯，做的不錯
•feature (v.) 以…為特色；給…以顯著的地位
•prominently 重要地；著名地；突出地，顯眼地

之後，我便過得不錯。音樂在我生活中佔有重要的一席之地，我從兩歲半開始學習小提琴，儘管生活中事事不如意，我依然堅持不輟。因此，我獲得三一文法學校（ Trinity Grammar School）的音樂獎學金。但即使在那，我也常惡作劇、逃學看電影。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

By the end of year 11, I was told I would have to either repeat the year, or consider going to another school, which was quite humiliating for my mum. I decided to move school and surprisingly, I ended up doing quite well in year 12! As a result, I ended up getting into a double degree in Law and Music at Monash.

•repeat the year 留級 ; 重唸一年
•humiliating 令人感到恥辱的，丟臉的

11年級結束時，我被告知要麽被留級，要麼考慮轉學，這對我母親來說相當丟人。我決定轉學，而令人驚訝的是，我在12年級的時候表現優異，最後錄取蒙納士大學法律與音樂雙學位。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

When I started, my first thought was that I didn’t belong because I had done so badly in school up to year 11 and everyone else seemed so smart. But I put my head down, got through it, and ended up getting a job in the legal department of a major manufacturing company, which was a different approach to what most law students do.

•do not belong 不屬於這
•put my head down 埋頭苦幹
•the legal department of ...的法律部門
•a different approach 不同途徑
•approach （思考問題的）方式，方法，態度

當我開始進入大學，最初的想法是我不屬於這，因為我在11年級前都表現不佳，而這裡的人似乎都聰明絕頂。但我埋頭苦幹，咬牙撐過，最後在一家大型製造公司的法律部門找到工作，這與多數法律系學生的途徑不同。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

I really enjoyed it. It was hard work, but I learned a lot of foundational business, legal and corporate communication skills. After that I worked in corporate governance in RMIT, then started to moonlight as a lecturer in the Law Faculty. Eventually, they asked me if I wanted to do a PhD and I blindly said yes! I next worked at Swinburne University, and then was head-hunted to lead the corporate legal team at the Commercial Passenger Vehicles Commission.

•foundational 基礎的
•communication skills 溝通技巧
•corporate governance
•moonlight (v.) （尤指瞞著僱主）從事第二職業，兼職
•headhunt (v.) 物色（人才）； 挖角
•legal team 法律團隊

我非常喜歡這份工作，這是份辛苦的工作，但我學習了很多基礎商業、法律以及公司溝通技巧。之後我在皇家墨爾本理工大學（ RMIT）從事公司治理工作，並開始兼職擔任法律系講師。後來他們問我是否想要讀博士，我便盲目地答應了。接下來，我在斯威本大學（Swinburne University）工作，再被挖角到商用小客車委員會領導法律團隊。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

I had a good life, but after a while, I realised I wanted a different kind of job. I could see my seniors were making a lot of money but that their family life was not that good. And looking at my own upbringing, I wanted to be the kind of father who could be present in my own kids’ lives. So I decided on dentistry. It would not only allow me to use the hand skills that I had developed from playing the violin, but also the analytical and reasoning skills that I'd developed in law. Plus it would be flexible, and offer me a stable income and the chance to meet different people every day!

•upbringing 教養
•decide on sth 決定某事或東西
•analytical and reasoning skills 分析和推理能力
•offer a stable income 提供穩定收入

我的生活很不錯，但一段時間後，我意識到自己想要一份不同的工作。我知道前輩們賺了很多錢，但他們的家庭生活並不美滿。看著自己的成長經歷，我想要成為可以在孩子生活中出席的父親，所以我決定改行當牙醫。這項職業能讓我使用從拉小提琴中發展出的手部技巧，也能運用我在法律中發展出的分析與推理技能。此外，這個職業相當靈活，能為我提供穩定收入，並有機會每天與不同的人見面。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

My now fiancée, who was my girlfriend at the time, was also applying for further study, and coincidentally we both got into university in South Australia, so we moved to Adelaide together a few years ago.

•fiancée 未婚妻
•at the time 當時
•apply for 申請
•further study 繼續教育，進修；進一步研究；深造
•coincidentally 碰巧地；巧合地

我的未婚妻，當時的女友，也申請繼續深造，巧的是我們都考上南澳大學（University of South Australia)，所以幾年前一起搬到阿得雷德（ Adelaide）。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

I was lucky to get a university job at Flinders University. Initially, I started out as a casual lecturer in the law school, but I’ve since transitioned into teaching health law and research, and I’m currently writing a few books on the intersection between law and medicine. And also, obviously, trying to finish my dentistry degree!

•start out as… 起初擔任...
•transition into… 轉變到...

我很幸運的在福林德斯大學（Flinders University）找到工作，起初我在法學院擔任臨時講師，但我後來轉換到醫事法教學及研究。目前我正撰寫幾本關於法律與醫學相接的書籍，並努力完成我的牙醫學位。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Mum eventually retrained as a Chinese high school teacher, and she’s still teaching to this day. Like most first generation migrants, she struggled quite a lot, and invested heavily in my success. After we’re married, my fiancée and I are planning to have children, and I’m sure they will have it much easier than I did.

•retrain 重新培養；再培訓；再訓練
•to this day 至今
•first generation migrants 第一代移民
•struggle a lot 掙扎奮鬥許久
•have it much easier 過的比較輕鬆

我的母親最終重新接受培訓，成為一名中文高中老師並執教至今。如同大多數第一代移民，她掙扎奮鬥許久，並為我的成功投資甚多。我與未婚妻打算婚後生孩子，我確信孩子會過的比我輕鬆得多。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Still, a lot of the failures that I’ve had in my life have really informed a lot of my successes. Looking back, I wouldn't really want to change that to have a smoother life.

•inform [正式] 影響某人的態度或意見
https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/inform

•have a smoother life 有一個更順遂的人生

我的生活中的種種失敗確實為我的成功提供借鑑。回首過去，我不會想要改變那些坎坷經歷去擁有一個更順遂的人生。

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Over the years, I've learned that perseverance is very important. I hope that through telling my story, I can be an example to others who might be in a similar position as I was: to show that there's not just one road to the destination, but many roads. You just need to take the little step that’s right in front of you, and then the next one, and a few years down the track, they will seem like massive achievements.

•over the years 多年來
•perseverance 不屈不撓，堅持不懈
•be an example 成為榜樣
•be in a similar position 處於相似的處境
•down the road/line/track 將來(的路)

多年來，我學到堅持不懈是至關重要的。我希望透過講述自己的故事，能成為其他可能與我有相似處境的人的榜樣：向他們展示通往目的地的路不止一條，有很多路可走。你只需要邁出眼前這一小步，然後再邁出下一步，幾年下來，將會成為巨大成就。

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Photographer: Paul Heinrich instagram.com/paulfheinrich

文章與圖片出處: https://bit.ly/2XJsciq

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翻轉視界: http://bit.ly/3fPvKUs

批判性思考問題大全: http://bit.ly/34rdtJ7

【After Winning Majority in LegCo: Beijing's Crackdown May Trigger International Intervention】

***感謝Hong Kong Columns - Translated，將我早前撰寫『議會過半想像：以「#國際攬炒」反制「臨立會2.0」』長文（https://www.facebook.com/joshuawongchifung/photos/a.313299448762570/2887650867994069/）翻譯成英文，鼓勵國際社會關注立會選舉一旦過半的沙盤推演，在最惡劣形勢下的制衡策略。***

中文精簡版本：https://www.facebook.com/joshuawongchifung/photos/a.564294826996363/2888641404561682/

Hongkongers have experienced our revolution for over half a year. They no longer take a consequentialist view to the effectiveness of their movement as they did years ago, or waste time second-guessing the intentions and background of fellow activists. Following the defensive battles at CUHK and PolyU, November’s District Council election saw a great victory of unity. More marvellous is the union between peaceful and “valiant” protesters.

In the process of resisting tyranny, the people have realised that one cannot prioritize one strategy over another. This is also how the common goal of “35+” came into being—the hope that we will win over half of the seats in the Legislative Council (LegCo) this September, such that the political spectrum that represents the majority of Hongkongers is able to gain control of legislative decisions. The political clout of Hongkongers will increase if 35 or more seats are successfully secured on our side. It is certainly one vital step to achieve the five demands within the system.

The possibility of realizing legislative majority

Technically it is not unrealistic to win a majority even under the current undemocratic system. Back in the 2016 LegCo election, we already won 30 seats. In addition to the District Council (First) functional constituency seat that is already in the pocket of the pan-democrats, as long as the candidates in Kowloon East and New Territories West do not start infighting again, we could safely secure 33 seats based on the number of pan-dem votes in 2016.

The other 3 seats required to achieve a majority depend on democrats’ breakthrough among the functional constituencies by dispersing the resources of the Liaison Office. They also count on whether the turnout this September could exceed 71.2% — that of last year’s District Council elections. Some of the factors that could affect the turnout include: will the epidemic persist into the summer? Will there be potential violent repression of protests in the 2 weeks preceding the election? Will Hong Kong-US relations be affected by the downturn of the global economy?

Therefore, the ambition of “35+” is to be prioritised by the resistance as both a means and an end. I have already expressed my support for an intra-party primary at the coordination meeting. In the meantime, it is pleasing to see the ongoing debates reaching a consensus of maximising the seats among geographical constituencies in the upcoming election.

Whilst enthusiastic coordination, we should also assess the post-election landscape and gauge Beijing’s reactions: if we do not reach 35 seats, Hong Kong will be subject to tighter control and more severe repression by China; but if the democratic parties successfully form a majority in LegCo, CCP’s fears of a “constitutional crisis” would become imminent. Hence, the key questions are how the Pan-Democrats should deal with the volatile political situation in Hong Kong and how they are going to meet Beijing’s charge head-on.

Watching out for Beijing’s dismissal of LegCo after reaching majority

To take back control of LegCo such that it faithfully reflects the majority’s principles and needs is the definition of a healthy democracy. Recently, however, DAB’s Tam Yiu-chung has warned that the plan of the Pan-Dems to “usurp power” in the LegCo would only lead to Beijing’s forceful disqualification of certain members or the interpretation of the Basic Law. This proves that winning a majority in LegCo is not only a popular conception but also a realistic challenge that would get on the nerves of Beijing. Could Beijing accept a President James To in LegCo? These unknown variables must be addressed upon achieving a majority.

While there is no telltale sign as to Beijing’s exact strategy, we are already familiar with the way CCP manipulated the Basic Law in the past 4 years. Having experienced three waves of disqualifications in LegCo, twice kicked out of LegCo with my team, and thrice locked up in jail, I have no false hopes of an easy compromise from Beijing: they would not let Pan-Dems control LegCo for half a year and wait (as is the proper procedure) until after having negatived the Budget to dissolve the legislature, and thereby giving them an easy victory in the re-elections. The greater the Pan-Dems threaten Beijing’s rule in Hong Kong, the more likely that it will trigger Beijing’s repression.

Since the disqualification and arrest of lawmakers have already become “normalised”, one can even imagine the police stepping into the LegCo building to force Pan-Dems into voting. Neither is it beyond our imagination to expect the CCP to kick out all 70 lawmakers in a fit of rage and replace them with a provisional LegCo “2.0” [HKCT note: The first was from 25 Jan 1997 to 30 Jun 1998]. To depend on a majority that could lead to a chapter of a “new testament” for One Country, Two Systems is perhaps what many elites long for, but they are overly optimistic:for a ticket to the promised land will not be available at the Chief Executive election campaign a year and a half later.

Admittedly, the Pan-Dems cannot unilaterally initiate “Laam-chaau” [HKCT note: mostly translated into “scorched-earth” mentality or “mutual destruction”; some even translated into “If I burn, you burn with us”]. The most they can do is to force a standstill of the government, and not for long the LegCo will have been eliminated from the equation to make the wheels turn again. It all leaves the plan of “Negativing the motion → Dissolving LegCo → Re-election after re-election → the stepping down of Carrie Lam” merely as overly positive speculation, probably resulting from their overestimate of CCP's capacity for rational calculation. The Pan-Dems must guard their frontlines and recognise what the biggest threat from Hong Kong to China could be. In this case, should LegCo sessions be disrupted or suspended, the Pan-Dems would have to be well prepared to surmount the expected obstacles and prevent the disqualification crisis 4 years ago—a Catch-22 indeed.

Productive tension from global intervention: Using Laam-chaau against the CCP

What aggravates the CCP the most is the potential threat to Hong Kong’s unique status as the one and only “separate customs territory”. Any miscalculation will compromise its role as the Chinese economy’s “white gloves”. Imagine if CCP were to disqualify all 70 elected lawmakers and convene a meeting north of the Shenzhen River to pass a resolution to Hong Kong’s affairs (much like the Provisional Legislative Council “1.0" in 1997), how great will the shock be in a world with an effective Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act? However hard it is to predict the future one thing is certain: With the US presidential election just around the corner, blows to the separation of powers would not be tolerated, and the West would necessarily effect countermeasures against the Hong Kong government.

Beijing has been relying upon Hong Kong to navigate the international community for decades. While clamping down on the political freedom of the cosmopolitan city, Beijing desires to maintain the financial centre’s economic freedom. Hence, we started lobbying for the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act four years ago, and today we are determined to promote “Laam-chaau” on an international scale.

The will of the voters must be reflected in an election. If a “35+” legislature were to be dismissed and replaced, such flagrant violation of democracy would assuredly cause a greater backlash than the infamous extradition bill. Knowing what the reality ahead of us could be, we have to combine our election and international strategies to oppose the placement of a 35+ LegCo with an “Emergency Legislative Council 2.0”, to advance an international “Laam-chaau” to Hong Kong’s status as “separate customs territory”. Only then will we stand a chance to resist the regime and to realise the five demands.

Adjusting our mindset: Overcoming the “constitutional crisis” to reach a resolution

Upon the realization of the “35+” LegCo, it is expected that the CCP will launch a devastating counterattack. The Pan-Dems should not expect LegCo to run normally; neither can the lawmakers realise their governing blueprints they have for Hong Kong. Rather, candidates will be able to compete against one another with visions of a liberated Hong Kong through popular vote. Bringing this point up has nothing to do with undermining the common goal of reaching a majority in LegCo, but rather channels the battle of LegCo to positive use upon the rule of law’s death and a “constitutional crisis” ahead. Knowing that Hongkongers have nothing to fall back on, all Pan-Dems should not miss the only way to the realization of “35+”.

Thus, be they partisans, nonpartisans, incumbent politicians, amateur politicians, or the civil society as a whole – if we stay in the political discourse of 2016 and continue to perpetuate old stereotypes, that is to deal with the divisions on the pan-democratic camp by favouring the most “local” faction; to consider only resource allocation and self-aggrandizement as the purpose of a LegCo campaign; to ignore how potential lawmakers are fitted to what specific roles; to turn a blind eye to the journey of resistance since last summer (extending indefinitely into the future)—They would lead as astray and cost us lose a precious opportunity for change by winning a 35+ majority.

The extent to which the pan-democrats can stay united in light of the political atmosphere since last summer is another problem that our side must to address. Before the watershed moment of 12th June 2019, many democratic delegates were trapped in the mentality of needing to “preserve people’s livelihood”, “be content of what we have accomplished”, and other strategies that favours stability. As the government refuses to heed to the five demands, whether the democrats, especially those in the functional constituencies, have the political will to go all-in is the real difficult question that confronts us in the upcoming LegCo election.

All in all, if “35+” cannot be realised, it is unsurprising to see LegCo being more heavily suppressed in the next 4 years; even if "35+" is achieved, it is questionable whether the pan-democrats are able to weather multiple attacks, verbal or physical, from the regime (judging from its power in the last four years) and utilise the international Laam-chaau strategy against the displacement of LegCo. Adhering to the motto of “we fight on, each in his own way”, I can only hope that Hongkongers in elections, street confrontations and international front can reconcile with each other, so that we may collectively compel the government to yield to our demands in the next six months. It is only by reaching a resolution before a real constitutional crisis that we can combat the institutional violence of the regime and not be devoured by it.

https://hkcolumn.blogspot.com/2020/04/joshua-wong-after-winning-majority-in.html?fbclid=IwAR216gf53pG_j9JOpDfr2GItvjLfrFSekKTPzoEs3-s9KBqvPEwz865P8vw

《基因：人類最親密的歷史》，莊安祺譯：翻譯問題續探（二）

上一篇po出後有網友希望具體指出問題所在。另外，也得知出版社見文立即商議修改所提段落的翻譯問題：

//昨天與合作夥伴討論了原文翻譯與專業知識 ( 謝謝嘉儀與小安子 )，修正了譯文。覺得身在資訊流通的年代也有很大的好處，量產時代就算我們找盡資源還是力有未逮之處，尤其編輯不是專業人士，更是汗顏，而各路專業人士願意幫我們指出錯誤，讓我很感激，書能有不停修正至更臻完善的機會。//

在一本新書的熱銷期，樂見如此積極的作爲。本文：

一、討論上一篇指出的翻譯問題細節，供出版社參考；

二、討論網友一頁截圖中發現的新問題；

三、再加「博客來」試讀內容第一頁（此書前言的開頭）發現的誤譯。

//Once genes had been implicated in the development of sexual preference, the gay child was instantly transformed to normal. His 【hateful】 enemies were the abnormal monsters.

一旦性偏好的發展牽扯到基因，同性戀的孩子瞬間就變為正常，他【可惡的】敵人才是異常的怪物。//

說明：hateful 有兩個相反的意思，要從語境去弄清楚，這句話看了前文，加上末句有「才是」的對照語氣，意思非常清楚，是「懷著恨、充滿惡意的敵人」倒過來變成異常的怪物，而不是「可惡的敵人」。如果作者意指「可惡的敵人」，就不可能有 His hateful enemies were the abnormal monsters. 這句當中的「反而變成」、「才是」的含意。

hateful + 事物，意思通常很明白，是「可恨的」；hateful + 人，就要小心思考理解了，兩種意思都可能出現，光查字典幫不了你。

//It was boredom, more than activism, that prompted the search for the gay gene. Dean Hamer, a researcher at the National Cancer Institute, was not looking for controversy. He was 【not even looking for himself】. Although openly gay, Hamer had never been particularly intrigued by 【the genetics of any form of identity, sexual or otherwise.】

美國國家癌症研究所（National Cancer Institute）的研究員狄恩・哈默（Dean Hamer）並無意找碴，他甚至【也並不在乎自己的身分】，雖然他已出櫃，但對【任何形式的身分認同、性或其他遺傳學】並無特別興趣。//

說明：

1. not even looking for himself 的 looking 呼應同一段第一句 search for the gay gene（探尋是否有同性戀基因）的 search，兩個字都是「尋找」之意，所以這句意為「他甚至也不是爲了自己去探尋」，因爲下一句便說明原因：原來，他對很多東西根本不太感興趣，會發現同性戀基因，只不過因爲無聊、無意間發現。不懂這英文怎會理解成「不在乎自己的性向/身分」？根本瞎掰！

2. 下一句也很糟糕：Hamer 對「任何形式的身分認同、性或其他遺傳學」三件事不感興趣，中譯意思顯然是三種東西平行並列，但原文怎麼寫？the genetics of any form of identity, sexual or otherwise 這串字所指的，只有一件事，這是一個樹狀結構：of any form of identity 修飾 genetics，而 sexual or otherwise 又修飾 identity，整個合起來理解，就是「性(sexual)或其他方面的任何一種身分認同的遺傳成因」，也就是說，Hamer 對同性戀是否有遺傳成因並不太感興趣。

//He had tried, unsuccessfully, to study medicine at Edinburgh—but, horrified by the “screams of a strapped-down child 【amid the blood and sawdust】 of the . . . 【operating theater】,” had fled medicine to study theology at Christ’s College in Cambridge.

他本在愛丁堡習醫，卻因「【手術劇場】裡被綁縛的兒童【在血汙和鋸屑中】的尖叫」而驚悸，棄醫轉到劍橋大學基督學院研習神學。//
（中譯來自網友提供的截圖）

說明：

1.「手術劇場」真是個荒謬的譯法，operating theater 是醫院的手術示範室、手術觀摩室，像樣的字典會另立條目指出這個意思，不會跟「劇場」的意思混淆。在這樣一個空間，一邊進行手術、一邊讓見習醫師或訪問者居高觀摩，處理的是人命關天的真人真事，怎麼變成虛構故事的「劇場」了？在戰爭語境下，theater 是「戰場」，theater 同時也是「電影院」，也是「戲劇表演」，也可指「看表演的觀衆」（比較古老的用法）。最近有本出版熱烈宣傳的書，書名竟然就叫《手術劇場》，這是一種譁衆取寵的取名手段，不是原書名的直譯，但畢竟那是出版社爲了賣書、吸睛所擁有的權利和自由。在普通的文章裡，不同意義的 theater 就該有合適的譯法，否則要叫讀者如何理解？中國的中文譯法經常大而化之，電腦程式的 macro，和 macroeconomics 的 macro，一律是「宏」字；餐廳的 menu 和應用軟體的 menu 一律稱「菜單」，台灣請不要新創如「手術劇場」、「（二次大戰）歐洲劇場」這種沒水準的糟糕詞彙，中文沒有貧瘠到需要一詞用到底。

話說，香港有個動物醫院，網站有中英雙語介紹文，中文看來像是拙劣的半人工半機器翻譯的內容：
// 他們還接受靜脈輸液的利益，在手術過程中，包括絕育成本。手術是在無菌的方式和手術劇場。//
極爲可笑，不知所云，英文則是：
// They also receive the benefit of intravenous fluids during the surgery inclusive in the neutering cost. The surgery is carried out in a sterile manner and operative theater.//
這段英文拿去餵給 Google Translate 或 Bing 的機器翻譯，出來的結果都還勝過人工，機器都懂得把「operative theater」正確譯為「手術室」。難道現在一些譯者連查一查字典確認字義，或拜現代科技之賜、參考一下機譯結果這兩件事都懶得做了？

2. 同一句中譯裡，「在血汙和鋸屑中的尖叫」太過直譯 amid 這字，尖叫如何能在「鋸屑中」？這 blood and sawdust 指的是從手術臺流到地上的一灘血水，以及傾倒在地上用來吸收血水的木屑，可不是「人體鋸屑」，而木屑並沒有在空氣中亂飄，譯者寫出「在鋸屑中的尖叫」時，腦子不知浮現什麼奇異的「劇場」景象？我好像看到了譯者心中想像著，是不是那小孩的腿被鋸斷時，有「鋸屑」噴飛出來？

以下這一長段落，來自出版社提供的博客來試讀第一頁：

//Jagu—the fourth-born of my father’s siblings—came to live with us in Delhi in 1975, when I was five years old. His mind was also crumbling. Tall and rail thin, with a slightly feral look in his eyes and a shock of matted, overgrown hair, he resembled a Bengali Jim Morrison. Unlike Rajesh, whose illness had surfaced in his twenties, Jagu had been troubled from childhood. Socially awkward, withdrawn to everyone except my grandmother, he was unable to hold a job or live by himself. By 1975, deeper cognitive problems had emerged: he had visions, phantasms, and voices in his head that told him what to do. 【He made up conspiracy theories by the dozens: a banana vendor who sold fruit outside our house was secretly recording Jagu’s behavior. He often spoke to himself, with a particular obsession of reciting made-up train schedules】 (“Shimla to Howrah by Kalka mail, then transfer at Howrah to Shri Jagannath Express to Puri”). He was still capable of extraordinary bursts of tenderness—when I mistakenly smashed a beloved Venetian vase at home, he hid me in his bedclothes and informed my mother that he had “mounds of cash” stashed away that would buy “a thousand” vases in replacement. But 【this episode was symptomatic:】 【even his love for me involved extending the fabric of his psychosis and confabulation.】
一九七五年，當時我五歲，父親的四哥賈古搬來德里與我們同住。他也有精神崩潰的現象。賈古生得又高又瘦，帶著略顯凶悍的眼神和一頭糾結的亂髮，長得就像孟加拉版的美國歌手吉姆．莫理森（Jim Morrison）。和二十歲才發病的拉結什不同的是，他自幼就有精神問題。賈古生性內向畏縮，除了祖母之外，他對任何人都退避三舍，無法工作，生活也不能自理。到了一九七五年，他出現更嚴重的認知問題：幻象、幻覺，聽到腦裡有人指揮他要怎麼做。【他捏造了數十個陰謀：我家門外賣香蕉的小販偷偷記錄了賈古的言行舉止，說他自言自語，特別迷戀自訂的火車行程】 （「由西姆拉搭卡爾卡特郵車到豪拉，然後在豪拉轉札格納斯快車到浦里」）。他依舊會有溫情流露的時刻──有一次我不小心打破了家裡珍藏的威尼斯花瓶，他把我藏在他的被子裡，還告訴我媽他有「成堆的現金」可以買「上千個」花瓶賠償。不過，【這件事其實也說明了】【連他對我的愛都含有思覺失調和虛談症（confabulation）】//

說明：

1. He made up conspiracy theories by the dozens 後接一個冒號，這告訴我們，接下來的那句應該是要舉例陰謀，的確也是。不過，譯者卻誤解了英文，把再下一句的「自言自語」誤認為作者還在講述那陰謀，意思變成小販在無端指控賈古（「說他會自言自語、特別迷戀自訂的火車行程」），因此不是事實，但其實作者僅用一個短句舉例陰謀（a banana vendor who sold fruit outside our house was secretly recording Jagu’s behavior），接著便把主題拉回賈古身上，不再提陰謀，所以賈古的自言自語和覆誦火車行程，都是事實。

改：他捏造了數十個陰謀，例如：指控我們家門外賣香蕉的小販偷偷記錄了他的言行舉止。賈古也經常自言自語，特別執迷於覆誦他捏造的火車行程。

2. this episode was symptomatic 的翻譯頗敷衍，連醫學基本字彙都掌握不好，很令人不放心。symptomatic 是基本義「表現為某疾病的symptom」，不是引申義「某某事物即將發生的徵兆、跡象、預示」(sign, omen, portent)，原譯「說明」，似乎把 symptomatic 理解爲後者而脫離了「病徵、症狀」之意。

symptomatic 後接冒號，表示下一句的內容在解釋、釐清前一句。什麼病的symptom？psychosis 和 confabulation。psychosis 還不能譯為思覺失調，因爲作者到了下一段才交代賈古被醫生正式診斷有思覺失調，這一段，作者對賈古的病症只是稱之為較籠統的 psychosis，譯者不要隨便「劇透」，辜負作者細心的鋪陳。

改：不過，這個小插曲是病徵的展現，連他對我的愛也攙進他的精神錯亂和虛談症(confabulation)。

＊　＊　＊

順便介紹一下，此書除了譯者以外，還有好棒棒的專家「掛名」審訂、導讀，以及一堆名人「掛名」推薦：

臺灣大學生命科學系教授 于宏燦 審訂/導讀

朱雪萍、吳青錫、呂俊毅、李文雄、李家維、阮雪芬、洪蘭、孫以瀚、徐建國、陳沛隆、陳嘉祥、超級歪、董桂書、劉炯朗、鍾明怡、顏擇雅、蘇文慧 各界學者／名人好評推薦

＊　＊　＊

讀不了原文、必須靠翻譯書吸收知識的讀者，請多多運用你批判思考的本能，不要對翻譯照單全收，或誤以爲你自己腦袋有問題。譯文的品質不太可能改善，我們必須反求諸己。

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----------OPEN ME----------



So I actually sat down and talked for more than an hour on my favourites of the past month lol (after I caught a cold and all that..)
Hope you guys like these sit-down, chatty videos!

?October Favourites (Part 1) :

- Pixi Glow Tonic
- Fenty Beauty Pro Filt’r Soft Matte Longer Foundation
Shade: 210
- Tarte Shape Tape Contour Concealer
Shade: Light-Medium Neutral
- Fenty Beauty Match Stix Matte Skinstick
Shade: Amber
- Fenty Beauty Match Stix Shimmer Skinstick
Shade: Trippin’
- Colourpop Super Shock Blush
Shade: Aphodisiac


?Socials:
Instagram — yungxoxo
Facebook — Yung Yan Yin


Enjoy the video!
xoxo

試騎復古版扭力大師XSR900！MT-09(FZ-09)三缸那強勁的扭力想必眾所皆知。換了裝扮更是藏不住它特有的肌肉車風格。第一次試騎MT家族，那不用到高轉速就噴發的扭力讓我說不出話來。一催油一定會不由自主的笑呵呵!。XSR900 Test ride! a retro look MT(FZ)-09 that's done right. Just like its sibling, it is a master of torque in retro disguise that embraces the even more naked muscle look. First time testing the FZ-09 family, the non-stopping torque from down below had me speechless. You'll grin from ear to ear any time you give it throttle for sure!

試騎系列 Test Ride Playlist：https://goo.gl/tH3tpX

規格往下看 See specifications below.

2016 Yamaha 試乘記 (試駕R3/XSR900)：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E5WGtWRDCHM
Bike: Yamaha XSR-900
Vlog 22 摩托日記第二十二篇

2016 YAMAHA XSR900 規格 Spec

引擎形式 四衝水冷前傾式並列3汽缸DOHC 12V
缸徑x衝程 78.0mm x 59.1mm
全長2075mm
座高815mm
全高1135mm
壓縮比 11.5:1
總排氣量 847cc
最高馬力 115hp / 10,000rpm
最大扭力 8.9kg-m/8,500rpm
電子燃油噴注系統傳統系統
濕式多片離合器
6前速鏈傳動
CF鋁合金鑽石型車架
前傾角( R)25度
拖曳距(T)103mm
前懸吊系統 41mm倒立前叉，137mm行程
後懸吊系統 單筒油壓避震，130mm行程
輪胎(前) 120/70 ZR17 M/C(58W)
輪胎(後) 180/55 ZR17 M/C(73W)
前煞車系統 298mm雙碟配徑向式卡鉗
後煞車系統 245mm煞車碟
離地距135mm
軸距1440mm
座高830mm
裝備重量195kg
油缸容量14公升

Engine: 847cc liquid-cooled Inline Three,
12-valve, DOHC
Bore x Stroke: 78.0 x 59.1mm
Compression Ratio: 11.5:1
Fueling: Fuel-injection
Transmission: Six-speed
Clutch: Wet multi-plate; cable actuation
Final Drive: Chain; 16/45 gearing
Frame: Twin-spar aluminum
Front Suspension: KYB 41mm inverted fork with spring preload and rebound damping adjustment; 5.4 inch travel
Rear Suspension: KYB gas-charged shock with spring preload and rebound damping adjustment; 5.1 inch travel
Front Brakes: 298mm discs with Advics four-piston calipers w/ ABS
Rear Brake: 245mm disc with single-piston caliper and ABS
Tires: Bridgestone Battlax S20 120/70-17, 180/55-17
Curb Weight: 430 pounds (claimed, ready to ride)
Wheelbase: 56.7 in.
Rake/Trail: 25.0 degrees / 4.1 in.
Seat Height: 32.7 in.
Fuel Tank: 3.7 gallon

Outro Music: Anikdote - Which Direction?
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Other Music: Fytch – Blinded (feat. Kosta & Theo Hoarau)
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