【改變一生的學術英文寫作觀念】你的嗜好是 piano 還是 playing the piano? global warming 是問題還現象?
在學英文寫作的過程當中,你應該學過用 such as, including 等用法來給例子、細節。在過去批改的超過 5000 篇作文中,發現有一種錯誤,從多益350分的英文弱底生到托福、雅思近滿分的英語學霸都會犯的錯。
這種錯誤我暫時稱它為 category mapping 上的錯誤。今天同樣從簡單到進階,給大家 3 個具體例子來闡述這種寫作錯誤。
〖Example 1〗
✔︎ Before
I have a lot of hobbies, including piano, tennis, and coffee.
✔︎ After
I have a lot of hobbies, including playing the piano, watching tennis games, and making coffee.
hobbies 是嗜好。這個父母詞必須要跟後面所接的孩子能對應。鋼琴、網球、咖啡都不是 hobby。對於父母親 (hobby) 要能跟後面列舉的內容在邏輯上對應,這件事我暫取為 category mapping (種類上要能對應)。
除此之外,若沒有對應好,句子的意思其實也會不清楚。對於鋼琴我們可以做的事情可多了(不能假設只有彈鋼琴呀呀)。shopping for pianos, playing the piano
都可以是嗜好。同樣, watching tennis games, playing tennis 也都是嗜好。所以將種類對應好,也可以幫助我們寫得更清楚。
〖Example 2〗
(中文) 大多的客人都是在抱怨餐廳的食物跟服務。
✔︎ Before
Most customers complained about the restaurant's food and service.
✔︎ After
Customers complained mostly about the restaurant's subpar food and bad service.
這邊要對應的是「負面」的東西和「負面」的東西。如果我們都同意complaints 是不好的,那麼所對應的東西應該要是不好的。但是我們可以在 (before) 的句子中看到,food 跟 service 其實都是中性詞,跟負面的 complaints 其實對應得不好。
所以把 food 改成 subpar food ,把 service 改成 bad service 會更合邏輯。(不要被中文拉走了)
最後給大家看的一組,直接給大家看我在學術寫作公開課上給的實體例子。
〖Example 3〗
✔︎ Before
Over the past 20 years, Taiwan has faced a wide array of (各式各樣的) problems, including environmental protection, economy, and international relations.
我跟學生說,環保、經濟、跟國際關係都不是「問題」。他們充其量都只是「主題」。
✔︎ After
Over the past 20 years, Taiwan has faced a wide array of problems, such as the deterioration of air quality, wage stagnation, the decline in its presence on the international stage.
改寫後的句子雖然沒有到最嚴謹的平行結構,但以 category mapping 的角度來看,problems 所對應的負面詞 deterioration, stagnation, decline 已比 before 的句子好上許多。
若你喜歡這種很具體易懂、一秒對症下藥、在語言書、教科書中學不到的學術英文寫作教學,我在 10/16 (三) 的晚上有一場「英文學術寫作」的公開課,會更完整地講述學術寫作學習的各個面向,歡迎來參加喔!
公開課一秒報名:
https://www.accupass.com/event/1910041353501473070529
地點: 創勝文教台北總部 (台北市朱崙街60號2F) MRT 南京復興站
時間: 10/16 (三) 7:30-9:00 pm (7:00 開放進場)
(程度建議:多益超過 500 分、有學習學術寫作需求者、有議論文寫作需求者、托福、雅思、GRE、GMAT 寫作分數上不去者)
subpar意思 在 Alexander Wang 王梓沅英文 Facebook 的精選貼文
【改變一生的學術英文寫作觀念】你的嗜好是 piano 還是 playing the piano? global warming 是問題還現象?
在學英文寫作的過程當中,你應該學過用 such as, including 等用法來給例子、細節。在過去批改的超過 5000 篇作文中,發現有一種錯誤,從多益350分的英文弱底生到托福、雅思近滿分的英語學霸都會犯的錯。
這種錯誤我暫時稱它為 category mapping 上的錯誤。今天同樣從簡單到進階,給大家 3 個具體例子來闡述這種寫作錯誤。
〖Example 1〗
✔︎ Before
I have a lot of hobbies, including piano, tennis, and coffee.
✔︎ After
I have a lot of hobbies, including playing the piano, watching tennis games, and making coffee.
hobbies 是嗜好。這個父母詞必須要跟後面所接的孩子能對應。鋼琴、網球、咖啡都不是 hobby。對於父母親 (hobby) 要能跟後面列舉的內容在邏輯上對應,這件事我暫取為 category mapping (種類上要能對應)。
除此之外,若沒有對應好,句子的意思其實也會不清楚。對於鋼琴我們可以做的事情可多了(不能假設只有彈鋼琴呀呀)。shopping for pianos, playing the piano
都可以是嗜好。同樣, watching tennis games, playing tennis 也都是嗜好。所以將種類對應好,也可以幫助我們寫得更清楚。
〖Example 2〗
(中文) 大多的客人都是在抱怨餐廳的食物跟服務。
✔︎ Before
Most customers complained about the restaurant's food and service.
✔︎ After
Customers complained mostly about the restaurant's subpar food and bad service.
這邊要對應的是「負面」的東西和「負面」的東西。如果我們都同意complaints 是不好的,那麼所對應的東西應該要是不好的。但是我們可以在 (before) 的句子中看到,food 跟 service 其實都是中性詞,跟負面的 complaints 其實對應得不好。
所以把 food 改成 subpar food ,把 service 改成 bad service 會更合邏輯。(不要被中文拉走了)
最後給大家看的一組,直接給大家看我在學術寫作公開課上給的實體例子。
〖Example 3〗
✔︎ Before
Over the past 20 years, Taiwan has faced a wide array of (各式各樣的) problems, including environmental protection, economy, and international relations.
我跟學生說,環保、經濟、跟國際關係都不是「問題」。他們充其量都只是「主題」。
✔︎ After
Over the past 20 years, Taiwan has faced a wide array of problems, such as the deterioration of air quality, wage stagnation, the decline in its presence on the international stage.
改寫後的句子雖然沒有到最嚴謹的平行結構,但以 category mapping 的角度來看,problems 所對應的負面詞 deterioration, stagnation, decline 已比 before 的句子好上許多。
若你喜歡這種很具體易懂、一秒對症下藥、在語言書、教科書中學不到的學術英文寫作教學,我在 10/16 (三) 的晚上有一場「英文學術寫作」的公開課,會更完整地講述學術寫作學習的各個面向,歡迎來參加喔!
公開課一秒報名:
https://www.accupass.com/event/1910041353501473070529
地點: 創勝文教台北總部 (台北市朱崙街60號2F) MRT 南京復興站
時間: 10/16 (三) 7:30-9:00 pm (7:00 開放進場)
(程度建議:多益超過 500 分、有學習學術寫作需求者、有議論文寫作需求者、托福、雅思、GRE、GMAT 寫作分數上不去者)
subpar意思 在 玳瑚師父 Master Dai Hu Facebook 的最佳貼文
(English writing below)
成年人的成就,大多都認爲在事業。小孩的優越,大多則認爲在學業。望子成龍,望女成鳳,是天下爲人父母者,共同的企盼。若妳你家中尚有,還未成氣侯的,大人與小孩,那一定是妳你的居家裡,沒有設文昌位。玳瑚師父,文昌位不是給小孩的嗎?學藝要在精啊!這顆大吉星,是叫文昌貴人星。凡是人,都需要貴人的扶持呀!大人在外謀生,沒貴人照料,恐怕一生難以可春可秋,且小人易得逞。小孩在校裡,遭霸凌難遇人助。學習能力差,也難遇同學,及教師們的关照啊!
吾,玳瑚師父,在勘察陽宅風水時,都會鼓勵人們,設個文昌位。蓋文昌位設得對,設得好,池中之龍将得以飛上青天,大興事業。乌鴉飛上枝頭,變鳳凰。文昌貴人星都可在八字,居家,飲食,穿戴中尋得。而單單在居家中,就有三種文昌位。正所謂,文昌貴人到昌明。
沒有文昌貴人星的加持,妳的阿老與妳,事業難昌盛。妳你家中的小朋友,就算妳你請全國最好的,補習老師給她他,成绩依舊起落不定,未能名列前茅。現在大家應該對,文昌貴人星有更深一層的理解了。理解了就去行動吧!生活中的苦惱,才能徹底解除啊!不好意思,上方所提的阿老,是福建話的老公。哈.......。
..........................
The accomplishments of adults are mainly regarded as the career achievements. For children, their achievements would be seen as those from their studies. Every parent wishes for their sons to become dragons, and the daughters phoenixes. If you have an adult or child at home who has yet achieved anything, it must be because you have no Wen Chang area at home.
But Master Dai Hu, isn't Wen Chang area meant for only children?
If you think so, then you need to improve your knowledge. This great auspicious Star is known as the Wen Chang Benefactor Star. Everybody needs the help of benefactors! For an adult making a living in the world, without the care from benefactors, his life would hardly go smoothly, and people will be abound to make things difficult for him. When children get bullied in school, they will not be able to receive help from benefactors. If their learning abilities are subpar, it is hard for them to meet students and teachers who will assist them!
When I, Master Dai Hu, conduct a Feng Shui audit, I will always encourage people to set up a Wen Chang area. When this is done right and well, the Dragon in the pond can ascend to the Heavens, and new career heights will be reached. The crow will fly to the top of the tree and become a phoenix. Wen Chang Benefactor Star can be found in the Bazi, residence, diet, outfits and accessories. Just in the home alone, there are 3 types of Wen Chang areas. Hence the saying, when the Wen Chang Benefactor arrives, prosperity and a bright future awaits.
Without the blessings from the Wen Chang Benefactor, it will be very difficult for you and your husband to prosper in your careers. Even if you get the best tutor in the nation for your children, their results will still fluctuate and they will rank at the top of their class. Now, everyone should have a deeper understanding of the Wen Chang Benefactor Star. So act now! Only then can you thoroughly eradicate your sufferings and troubles n your life!