張忠謀對半導體供應鏈在地化的致詞引起矚目,我將全文的翻譯,分享給大家:
張忠謀APEC非正式領袖會議致詞全文:(中文在後)
This Informal Retreat has been called to discuss how Asia-Pacific can collaborate to move through the COVID health crisis, and to accelerate the post-COVID economic recovery. Chinese Taipei will address these two topics specifically.
On COVID-19, Chinese Taipei has had an excellent record so far. With a population of 23 million, over the last year and half, and in spite of a recent surge which has now abated, we have had a total of about fifteen thousand infected cases (.07% of the population), and 763 deaths (3 out of one hundred thousand).
We believe that our experience and know-how gained can help other APEC members. We have been, and continue to be willing to help. We have donated masks and other medical supplies to other APEC members in the past and are ready and willing to share our anti-COVID-19 know-how with you.
At the same time, WE NEED HELP! Our vaccination coverage at present is less than 20%. Although the U.S. and Japan have been generous in donating vaccines to us, and our private institutions have succeeded in procuring ten million doses of vaccines, we still need more vaccines, and need them sooner! Most other APEC members need help as well. We must ask for help from the APEC members that possess and produce more vaccines than they themselves need.
On re-vitalizing Post-COVID economy, Chinese Taipei urges free trade among APEC members and in the world, after giving consideration to vital national security needs.
In the past seven decades, free trade has enabled vibrant growth in most APEC economies. Free trade is merely a way in which each APEC economy contributes its own competitive advantage and every APEC member benefits.
Recently, however, we note with concern the tendency to want self-sufficiency or “on-shoring” of semiconductor chips. We must point out that in the past many decades free trade has greatly helped the advance of semiconductor technology. In turn, the ever greater complexity of the technology has caused the supply chain to go “off-shore”.
It would be highly impractical to try to turn back the clock. If it is tried, cost will go up and technology advance may slow. What may happen is that after hundreds of billions and many years have been spent, the result will still be a not-quite-self-sufficient, and high-cost supply chain.
We do recognize national security concerns, and believe that for security applications, a self-sufficient supply chain within one’s own borders is prudent. However, for the much larger civilian market, a supply chain substantially based on free trade system is by far the best approach.
In summary, on COVID-19, Chinese Taipei can help, is ready and willing to help with its know-how, but also needs more vaccines sooner, along with many other APEC members. On Post-COVID economic re-vitalization, Chinese Taipei urges free trade, after giving consideration to vital national security concerns.
(中文翻譯)
此次非正式領袖會議召開的目的是討論亞太地區應如何合作以度過新型冠狀病毒(COVID-19)疫情危機,並加速疫後經濟復甦。中華台北將就這兩個議題表達看法。
面對新型冠狀病毒(COVID-19)疫情,中華台北迄今維持傑出防疫紀錄。我們有兩千三百萬人口,儘管近期疫情曾一度升溫,但目前業已趨緩,在過去超過一年半的時間中,總確診病例數約為一萬五千例(佔總人口0.07%),其中死亡病例數為763例(約為十萬分之三)。
相信我們在過程中得到的經驗與知識能夠協助其他APEC成員。我們持續地願意提供協助。過去我們曾捐贈口罩與其他醫療物資予其他APEC成員,現在也準備好與你們分享我們抗疫的知識。
同時,我們也需要幫助!目前我們的疫苗注射覆蓋率低於20%。雖然美國與日本已慷慨捐贈疫苗,我們的民間機構也已成功採購一千萬劑,我們仍然需要更多數量的疫苗,而且需要儘快取得!其他多數的APEC成員也需要幫助。我們需要向目前擁有並生產超過他們自身所需疫苗數量的APEC成員尋求協助。
針對疫後經濟復甦,中華台北敦促APEC成員,在考慮重要國家安全需求後,彼此間及與全球進行自由貿易。
在過去70年,自由貿易使多數APEC經濟體蓬勃發展。自由貿易僅是各APEC經濟體貢獻自己的競爭優勢,而其他APEC成員藉此受惠的方法。
然而近來,我們很關切要求「境內」半導體晶片自給自足的趨勢。我們必需指出,過去數十年的自由貿易大幅促進半導體技術發展。因此,越趨複雜的技術致使供應鏈走向「境外」。
試圖讓時光倒流是相當不切實際的,如果嘗試讓時光倒流,不僅成本將會提升以及技術的進步可能放緩。在花費了數千億與許多年的時間之後,結果仍將是無法充分自給自足且成本很高的供應鏈。
我們認同國家安全的顧慮確實存在,也相信針對國安應用,在國境內存有一個能夠自給自足的供應鏈是審慎的作法。然而,針對規模大得許多的民間市場,一個基於自由貿易體系的供應鏈是最好的作法。
總結來說,針對新型冠狀病毒(COVID-19)疫情,中華台北能夠協助,我們也願意、並準備好以自身的知識與經驗提供協助,但也和其他許多APEC成員一樣,需要儘快取得更多疫苗。關於疫後經濟復甦,中華台北敦促在考慮關鍵國家安全需求後,應該採取自由貿易。
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supply chain中文 在 矽谷牛的耕田筆記 Facebook 的最讚貼文
Ref: https://security.googleblog.com/2021/06/introducing-slsa-end-to-end-framework.html
今天要探討的是一個由 Google Blog 於上個月所推廣的軟體安全性框架,該框架名為 SLSA,全名則是 Supply Chain Levels for Software Artifacts,中文部分我不知道該怎麼翻譯才可以精準達到意思,所以建議就唸英文就好了。
該框架的目的是希望於整個軟體生產鏈中能夠進一步的去提升且確保所有產物的完整性(Integrity 這個詞該怎麼翻呢..)。
文章中用了一個很簡易的流程來清楚的解釋到底何謂 Software Supply Chain 以及整個流程中可能會有什麼問題。
Software Supply Chain 一個範例譬如
1. 開發者撰寫程式碼,並且提交到遠方的 SCM Repository
2. SCM Repo 因為程式碼改變,所以觸發相關的 CI/CD 流程
3. CI/CD 建置結束後則需要打包整個程式碼,產生最後的 Package.
4. 產生後的 Packet 則可以正式上場使用
文章認為上述的流程中有兩個不同類別的安全性問題,分別是
1. Source Integrity
2. Build Integrity.
Source Integrity 這邊主要是針對 Source Code 相關的問題,譬如
1. 開發者是否有意的故意塞入一些會不懷好意的程式碼到 SCM Repo 內。
範例: Linux Hypocrite commits, 之前美國某大學研究團隊基於研究嘗試上傳一些不太好的程式碼而影響的討論風波
2. SCM 的管理平台是否可能被惡意攻擊
範例: PHP 事件: 之前自架的 PHP Git Server 被攻擊者惡意攻擊並且塞入兩筆不懷好意的 Commit
而 Build Integrity 本身則是有更多不同的面向,譬如
1. SCM 觸發 CI/CD 過程是否有可能有問題
範例: Webmin 事件,攻擊者去修改團隊的建置系統去使用沒有被 SCM 所記錄的修改檔案。
2. CI/CD 建置系統本身被攻擊
範例: SolarWinds 事件,攻擊者攻破建置系統去安裝一些軟體來修改整的建置流程
3. CI/CD 建置過程中引用到錯誤的 Dependency
4. 攻擊者上傳一些惡意產物到應該只有 CI/CD 系統才可以存取的場所。
... 等
目前來說, SLSA 還處於非常早期階段,經由業界的共識來思考每個領域有什麼好的措施與指引來避免與偵測系統是否被攻破。其最終目標狀態是希望能夠根據環境自動產生出一套可整合到系統中的產物,並且最後可以給出 SLSA 憑證來給平台或是建置後的 Package。
對 SLSA 這個專案有興趣看看的請參考原始連結,內容不長但是頗有趣的
supply chain中文 在 美國在台協會 AIT Facebook 的精選貼文
💕「愛台灣,我的選擇」系列第15發:臺虎董事長黃一葦(Peter Huang) 要讓臺虎精釀 Taihu Brewing成為台灣年輕人才發光發熱與實踐夢想的平台
「儘管我有著東方面孔,但我不是台灣人,家族根源也不在台灣。一直到我念大學時 (美國麻薩諸塞州的威廉斯學院,非常棒的學校),我才透過普林斯頓北京中文培訓班的機會,真正到東亞來闖蕩。
大學畢業之後,我埋首於數字和表格之間,精釀啤酒陪我撐過了這段辛苦的歲月。我的職涯始於紐約,但後來輾轉來到亞洲 (名義上是去新加坡,但主要是在印尼、緬甸和馬來西亞)。
在數字間打轉從來不是我的夢想。身為一個負責任且典型的千禧世代,我一直很想獨立開創自己的事業,如果能將個人興趣和創業機會相結合,那就太完美了。而精釀啤酒就是那完美的交集點!精釀工藝的精神我深有同感,這是一種對未來可能性充滿嚮往、不盲目接受現狀的精神;同時也代表著與一群優秀的人才,一起開發令人驚喜的產品,並打造屬於自己的社群。
成立臺虎精釀的契機出現之後,我立刻想到台灣。之所以選擇這裡,不是因為台灣文化很吸引人 (雖然確實是),不是因為台灣有著厚實的文化傳統 (雖然確實有),更不是因為台灣的好山好水。
我選擇台灣的主要原因是這裡遇到的人。很多人會說,人生中有兩個家庭,一個是你的原生家庭,另一個是你自己選擇的家庭。對我來說,那個我自己選擇的家庭,似乎就在台灣。
臺虎精釀的商標 (由台灣傑出設計師Jess Lee設計) 由老虎、啤酒花和葫蘆三個元素組成,葫蘆是古代盛酒的容器。
葫蘆就不需要多加解釋了,但啤酒花是當代精釀啤酒的基石,代表著創新創意的精神。事實上,我們使用的絕大多數啤酒花都來自美國,畢竟美國是精釀啤酒的中心 (過去20年一直都是)。美國的啤酒花產業 (還有麥芽產業) 可以說是世界之最,也難怪經典IPA啤酒中最受歡迎的啤酒花都來自美國。
商標中的老虎是為了向早期台灣作為「亞洲四虎」(亞洲四小龍) 的年代致敬。當年台灣經濟快速起飛,產業朝氣蓬勃,民眾無不對未來充滿樂觀和期待。
老虎代表的正是那樣的生機勃勃、神采煥發。臺虎167名員工幾乎都是台灣人。我們認為,與其說臺虎是一個釀酒廠,不如說臺虎是讓台灣年輕人才發光發熱、實踐夢想的平台。
我們的目標是吸引並培育人才,最終目標希望能夠在台灣發展出欣欣向榮的創業生態圈。Sway是我們成立初期的成員,她一開始是在吧台工作,非常優秀。在小公司工作的好處就是,你可以盡你所能所想去做,Sway後來開始慢慢接觸進口通關業務,現在是我們全球物流的主管 (很不簡單)。
也許有一天,她會開創自己的事業,進而將這份育才的信念在台灣新創圈繼續傳承下去。」— 臺虎董事長黃一葦 Peter Huang
💕Why I chose Taiwan #15 – Taihu Brewing Founder Peter Huang leads Taihu to become a platform for Taiwan young talents to carry out their dreams and express themselves
“Despite appearances, I’m neither Taiwanese nor have roots here. It took college (Williams College in Massachusetts – phenomenal place), to really bring me out to East Asia via Princeton’s immersion program in Beijing.
Post-graduation, I paid my dues shuffling numbers around in a spreadsheet. Craft beer made it bearable-ish. Working life began in New York, but ultimately landed me in Asia (nominally Singapore, primarily Indonesia, Myanmar, Malaysia).
Shuffling numbers was not the dream. So, as a responsibly stereotypical millennial, I had an urge to venture out on my own. Ideally, to try something at the intersection of opportunity and interest. Craft beer! The craft movement itself struck a chord - a yearning for what could be, rather than blind acceptance of what is. It is about building communities around delightful products and, critically, wonderful people.
When the opportunity to start Taihu appeared, my mind immediately went to Taiwan. Not necessarily because the culture is fantastic (though it is), nor because it has a strong cultural heritage (though it does), and not even because the island itself is a magical composition of mountains meeting oceans.
Ultimately, I chose Taiwan because of the people I met here. There’s a tired trope that you get two families in life, the one you’re born into and the one you choose. For me, that chosen family, well, it seemed like it could be in Taiwan.
Taihu Brewing’s logo (designed by brilliant local artist, Jess Lee) is comprised of a tiger and hops within a hulu (traditional Chinese alcohol vessel).
The hulu needs no explanation, but hops are the cornerstone of modern craft beer. They represent the innovation inherent in the space. In fact, the vast majority of the hops that we use are from the United States. Since the US is the epicenter of craft brewing (and has been over the last twenty years), the American hop industry (malt too, actually) is arguably the best in the world. It is for good reason that the most popular hops in category-defining IPAs are American.
The tiger is a nod to an earlier era when Taiwan was one of the “Four Asian Tigers.” Taiwan’s meteoric economic rise was accompanied by deterministic optimism, vibrancy, and general excitement about the future.
The tiger represents that energy. That sense of opportunity, positivity, and hope. Taihu’s 167 employees are almost entirely Taiwanese. Internally, we think of Taihu as more of a platform for young Taiwanese talent than as a brewery, a medium for that energy to express itself.
Our goal to attract and develop talent with the ultimate goal of developing the burgeoning entrepreneurial ecosystem here in Taiwan. One of our earliest team members, Sway, came on board as a bartender -- a fantastic bartender. At a small company, you do what you can, where you can, and Sway ended up taking up some of the slack in our logistics. Now she runs all of Taihu’s international supply chain (no small feat).
With luck, one day she’ll be running her own successful Taiwanese business, and, in doing so, perpetuate the cycle.” — Peter Huang, founder of Taihu Brewing
supply chain中文 在 Elaine Hau Youtube 的最佳解答
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supply chain中文 在 供應鏈 - MBA智库百科 的相關結果
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supply chain中文 在 什麼是供應鏈管理 的相關結果
供應鏈管理(SCM) 是任何產品型企業不可或缺的一部分,可以更有效地規劃、控制及執行商品和服務流程。儘管許多人認為它只圍繞著物流,但實際上其範圍涵蓋從產品開發到 ... ... <看更多>
supply chain中文 在 供應鏈管理- 維基百科,自由的百科全書 的相關結果
供應鏈管理(Supply Chain Management,SCM)在1985年由邁克爾·波特(Michael E. Porter)提出,有多種不同的定義。 供應鏈管理作為一個策略概念,以相應的信息系統 ... ... <看更多>