關於 take measures 意思 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

【每日國際選讀】
#文末挑戰多益選擇題📝
迫害維吾爾，國際將如何制裁中國？

今日選材：衛報
開啟「接收通知」和「搶先看」
每天吸收雙語時事新知

🌏World is legally obliged to pressure China on Uighurs, leading lawyers say
頂尖律師們說：全世界有法律義務為維吾爾族對中國施壓

-legally: 依法、在法律上
-obliged: 被迫、必須做某事
-legally obliged: 法律義務


👩‍⚖️The international community is legally obliged to take action on China’s alleged abuse of Uighur and other Turkic minorities, a prominent group of British lawyers has said, suggesting nations use sanctions, corporate accountability mechanisms, and international treaties preventing racial discrimination to pressure Beijing.
著名的英國律師團體表示，中國迫害維吾爾族和其他突厥語少數民族，國際社會具有法律義務對其採取行動，建議各國使用制裁、企業問責機制、以及防止種族歧視的國際條約來對北京施壓。

-abuse: 虐待、傷害、毀謗
-prominent: 著名的、重要的、傑出的
-sanction: 制裁
-accountability: 問責制


🇬🇧China’s refusal to be held legally accountable for the widespread and documented allegations did not absolve the global community of responsibility, the Bar Human Rights Committee of England and Wales (BHRC) said in a report released on Wednesday.
英格蘭和威爾斯律師協會人權委員會（BHRC）於週三（7/22）發佈的報告中表示，中國拒絕為廣泛具記錄的指控承擔法律責任，並不能免除全球社會的責任。

-refusal: 拒絕、回絕；動詞是refuse
-allegation: 指責、指控
-absolve: 免罪、免除責任，尤指法律或宗教上的罪咎


🇨🇳“All states, including China, have unequivocally accepted that slavery and racial discrimination, torture and genocide are prohibited,” it said. “They have committed to not carry out those proscribed acts; they have committed to their prevention; and they have committed to punishment of perpetrators where they have found individuals to have committed those proscribed acts. There can be no derogation from those commitments.”
報告說：「所有國家都明確接受了禁止奴隸制度、種族歧視、酷刑和大屠殺，包括中國在內。他們曾保證不進行這些被嚴禁的行為，保證會預防，也保證當發現個人犯下這些禁止行為時，會懲罰犯罪者。這些承諾絕不能被減損。」

-genocide: 大屠殺、種族滅絕
✍️「geno-」是基因、種族的意思，「-cide」是殺害，合在一起指「滅族」；字首改「sui-」（自己）則是自殺suicide，同字尾的單字還有殺蟲劑insecticide
-perpetrators: 犯罪者，動詞的犯罪是perpetrate
-commit: 承諾、保證；做（違法的事）；將...送至醫院或監獄
-derogation: 貶低、損害、廢除


未完待續...
報告書建議各國如何制裁中國？
加入文末每日國際選讀計畫，解鎖完整語音導讀版

——
原文連結請看留言
——

❓❓多益模擬題❓:
The __ to take measures to prevent and to punish the crime of genocide, in addition to the prohibition not to __ genocide, have been considered as norms of international customary law
🙋‍♀️🙋‍♂️
A. legally obliged / perform
B. obligation / commit
C. obligation / perpetrate
-
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【寫稿嗰位好厲害：香港的悲劇】

Donald Trump記者會全程對着屏幕讀稿，一字不漏兼不答問題，是要將環環緊扣的信息準確傳遞。香港部分本身是一篇完整的發言，新聞標題一定會引用「一國一制」那一句，但我認為全篇是圍繞着「香港的悲劇」這個主題發展的。

第一段：Several of the most significant actions we’re taking pertain to deeply troubling situations unfolding in Hong Kong. This week, China unilaterally impose control over Hong Kong security. This was a plain violation of Beijing’s treaty obligations with the United Kingdom in the Declaration of 1984 and explicit provisions of Hong Kong’s basic law. It has 27 years to go. The Chinese government’s move against Hong Kong is the latest in a series of measures that are diminishing the city’s longstanding and very proud status. This is a tragedy for the people of Hong Kong, the people of China, and indeed the people of the world.

分析：第一段在稍為交代國安法的背景後，直指北京違反了有效期尚有27年的《中英聯合聲明》和《基本法》，而北京對香港的侵犯是持續不斷的。那是香港人的悲劇、中國人的悲劇和世人的悲劇。悲劇不單有悲哀的意思，更重要是指逃不過的宿命。這段的深意是：1984年簽署《中英聯合聲明》，本意是為香港人、中國人以至世人帶來好前景（尾二一段會再解釋），卻因為中共的專政本質，令香港走向死亡的宿命。

第二段：China claims it is protecting national security, but the truth is that Hong Kong was secure and prosperous as a free society. Beijing’s decision reverses all of that. It extends the reach of China’s invasive state security apparatus into what was formerly a bastion of Liberty. China’s latest incursion, along with other recent developments that degraded the territory’s freedoms, makes clear that Hong Kong is no longer sufficiently autonomous to warrant the special treatment that we have afforded the territory since the handover.

分析：這段的關鍵字是"bastion of liberty"（自由保壘），指的是在中共上台後，香港作為英國殖民地，一直是中共「竹幕」前的西方自由世界橋頭堡。香港的安全與繁榮皆建基於與中共截然不同的自由社會，自由社會過去依靠西方的政治力量支撐，1997後權力平衡打破，自由社會便被中共逐步入侵，令香港失去自治。第一句"China claims it is protecting national security, but the truth is that Hong Kong was secure and prosperous as a free society"很精簡地點出中共和香港迥異的立場，可用來回應藍絲。

第三、四段：China has replaced its promise formula of one country, two systems, with one country, one system. Therefore, I am directing my administration to begin the process of eliminating policy exemptions that give Hong Kong different and special treatment. My announcement today will affect the full range of agreements we have with Hong Kong, from our extradition treaty to our export controls on dual use technologies and more, with few exceptions. We will be revising the state department’s travel advisory for Hong Kong to reflect the increased danger of surveillance and punishment by the Chinese state security apparatus.

We will take action to revoke Hong Kong’s preferential treatment as a separate customs and travel territory from the rest of China. The United States will also take necessary steps to sanction PRC and Hong Kong officials directly or indirectly involved in eroding Hong Kong’s autonomy and just, if you take a look, smothering, absolutely smothering Hong Kong’s freedom. Our actions will be strong, our actions will be meaningful.

分析：這兩段是講具體打算做什麼。最弔詭的是，有別於美國過去作為世界警察解放呢個解放嗰個，講辭沒有說到這些措施是為了什麼而做，亦沒有說想達成什麼目的，連條件都沒有開。講稿沒有寫，因為那是「不好說的真相」（inconvenient truth）。當中共專政背約，香港的宿命就是死，美國不能繼續讓中共借香港被給予的特殊地位佔便宜。美國知道這些措施尤如隔山打牛，對北京傷害有限，首先死的肯定是香港，但那是美中全面攤牌前必須撇清的第一步。美國不會像保護台灣那樣保護香港，他們能對香港做的，就是陪中共加速攬炒。"Our actions will be strong, our actions will be meaningful."好像是廢話，但也令人聽出弦外之音。

第五段：More than two decades ago on a rainy night in 1997, British soldiers lowered the Union flag and Chinese soldiers raised the Chinese flag in Hong Kong. The people of Hong Kong felt simultaneously proud of their Chinese heritage and their unique Hong Kong identity. The people of Hong Kong hoped that in the years and decades to come, China would increasingly come to resemble it’s most radiant and dynamic city. The rest of the world was electrified by a sense of optimism that Hong Kong was a glimpse into China’s future, not that Hong Kong would grow into a reflection of China’s past.

分析：回到開首的悲劇主題。為何我們目睹的是香港、中國以至世界的悲劇？因為在八十年代香港前途談判以及九十年代初美國通過《香港政策法》時，香港這座自由保壘曾經被寄予改變中國的使命。從美國看來，香港原是自由中國的未來，自由中國的未來是世界的未來；結果事情往相反方向發展，中共發展出高效黨國資本主義，令專制更強大和具合法性，並壓抑不住擴張的欲望，一步步吞噬香港、吞噬台灣，最終將中國式專制輸出全世界。

第六段：In every decision, I will continue to proudly defend and protect the workers, families, and citizens of the United States of America. Thank you very much. Thank you.

分析：美國在動手術將香港切割時，必定傷害到美國在香港以及中國的利益。美國政府能做的是減少過程中對美國工人、家庭和公民的傷害。香港人要靠自己捱過未來的黑暗時期了。

短短幾段字，透露了香港的前世今生，美國忍痛告別藉香港與中國共舞的好日子，迎向未知的爭霸年代。寫稿嗰位很厲害，但讀稿嗰個會否中途變卦就冇人知。

【寫稿嗰位好厲害：香港的悲劇】

Donald Trump記者會全程對着屏幕讀稿，一字不漏兼不答問題，是要將環環緊扣的信息準確傳遞。香港部分本身是一篇完整的發言，新聞標題一定會引用「一國一制」那一句，但我認為全篇是圍繞着「香港的悲劇」這個主題發展的。

第一段：Several of the most significant actions we’re taking pertain to deeply troubling situations unfolding in Hong Kong. This week, China unilaterally impose control over Hong Kong security. This was a plain violation of Beijing’s treaty obligations with the United Kingdom in the Declaration of 1984 and explicit provisions of Hong Kong’s basic law. It has 27 years to go. The Chinese government’s move against Hong Kong is the latest in a series of measures that are diminishing the city’s longstanding and very proud status. This is a tragedy for the people of Hong Kong, the people of China, and indeed the people of the world.

分析：第一段在稍為交代國安法的背景後，直指北京違反了有效期尚有27年的《中英聯合聲明》和《基本法》，而北京對香港的侵犯是持續不斷的。那是香港人的悲劇、中國人的悲劇和世人的悲劇。悲劇不單有悲哀的意思，更重要是指逃不過的宿命。這段的深意是：1984年簽署《中英聯合聲明》，本意是為香港人、中國人以至世人帶來好前景（尾二一段會再解釋），卻因為中共的專政本質，令香港走向死亡的宿命。

第二段：China claims it is protecting national security, but the truth is that Hong Kong was secure and prosperous as a free society. Beijing’s decision reverses all of that. It extends the reach of China’s invasive state security apparatus into what was formerly a bastion of Liberty. China’s latest incursion, along with other recent developments that degraded the territory’s freedoms, makes clear that Hong Kong is no longer sufficiently autonomous to warrant the special treatment that we have afforded the territory since the handover.

分析：這段的關鍵字是"bastion of liberty"（自由保壘），指的是在中共上台後，香港作為英國殖民地，一直是中共「竹幕」前的西方自由世界橋頭堡。香港的安全與繁榮皆建基於與中共截然不同的自由社會，自由社會過去依靠西方的政治力量支撐，1997後權力平衡打破，自由社會便被中共逐步入侵，令香港失去自治。第一句"China claims it is protecting national security, but the truth is that Hong Kong was secure and prosperous as a free society"很精簡地點出中共和香港迥異的立場，可用來回應藍絲。

第三、四段：China has replaced its promise formula of one country, two systems, with one country, one system. Therefore, I am directing my administration to begin the process of eliminating policy exemptions that give Hong Kong different and special treatment. My announcement today will affect the full range of agreements we have with Hong Kong, from our extradition treaty to our export controls on dual use technologies and more, with few exceptions. We will be revising the state department’s travel advisory for Hong Kong to reflect the increased danger of surveillance and punishment by the Chinese state security apparatus.

We will take action to revoke Hong Kong’s preferential treatment as a separate customs and travel territory from the rest of China. The United States will also take necessary steps to sanction PRC and Hong Kong officials directly or indirectly involved in eroding Hong Kong’s autonomy and just, if you take a look, smothering, absolutely smothering Hong Kong’s freedom. Our actions will be strong, our actions will be meaningful.

分析：這兩段是講具體打算做什麼。最弔詭的是，有別於美國過去作為世界警察解放呢個解放嗰個，講辭沒有說到這些措施是為了什麼而做，亦沒有說想達成什麼目的，連條件都沒有開。講稿沒有寫，因為那是「不好說的真相」（inconvenient truth）。當中共專政背約，香港的宿命就是死，美國不能繼續讓中共借香港被給予的特殊地位佔便宜。美國知道這些措施尤如隔山打牛，對北京傷害有限，首先死的肯定是香港，但那是美中全面攤牌前必須撇清的第一步。美國不會像保護台灣那樣保護香港，他們能對香港做的，就是陪中共加速攬炒。"Our actions will be strong, our actions will be meaningful."好像是廢話，但也令人聽出弦外之音。

第五段：More than two decades ago on a rainy night in 1997, British soldiers lowered the Union flag and Chinese soldiers raised the Chinese flag in Hong Kong. The people of Hong Kong felt simultaneously proud of their Chinese heritage and their unique Hong Kong identity. The people of Hong Kong hoped that in the years and decades to come, China would increasingly come to resemble it’s most radiant and dynamic city. The rest of the world was electrified by a sense of optimism that Hong Kong was a glimpse into China’s future, not that Hong Kong would grow into a reflection of China’s past.

分析：回到開首的悲劇主題。為何我們目睹的是香港、中國以至世界的悲劇？因為在八十年代香港前途談判以及九十年代初美國通過《香港政策法》時，香港這座自由保壘曾經被寄予改變中國的使命。從美國看來，香港原是自由中國的未來，自由中國的未來是世界的未來；結果事情往相反方向發展，中共發展出高效黨國資本主義，令專制更強大和具合法性，並壓抑不住擴張的欲望，一步步吞噬香港、吞噬台灣，最終將中國式專制輸出全世界。

第六段：In every decision, I will continue to proudly defend and protect the workers, families, and citizens of the United States of America. Thank you very much. Thank you.

分析：美國在動手術將香港切割時，必定傷害到美國在香港以及中國的利益。美國政府能做的是減少過程中對美國工人、家庭和公民的傷害。香港人要靠自己捱過未來的黑暗時期了。

短短幾段字，透露了香港的前世今生，美國忍痛告別藉香港與中國共舞的好日子，迎向未知的爭霸年代。寫稿嗰位很厲害，但讀稿嗰個會否中途變卦就冇人知。