最近,我在「TIME時代」雜志的專欄文章裡,向全球的讀者介紹了大陸「世界工廠」的+AI自動化升級。隨著勞動力成本的上漲,工業自動化、智慧化勢必是大陸製造業的一劑特效藥。自動化能讓運營成本下降,但仍能讓中國大陸保持生產品質、流程、供應鏈維度的優勢。AI賦能產業升級的願景或許還需多年才能實現,但當下的大陸已經讓未來可期。
以下是專欄文章全文,經TIME授權翻譯轉載:
「中國世界工廠 + AI 的未來」
多年來,中國大陸一直被喻為「世界工廠」,即便在全球其他經濟體紛紛遭遇新冠疫情重擊的2020年,大陸製造產業仍然維持穩健的增長范式,全年產值高達3.854萬億美元,占到全球市場近三分之一。
但如果你腦中的大陸工廠是傳統的「血汗工廠」,是時候修正你的刻板印象了。大陸經濟已經迅速地從疫情衝擊下復蘇,疫情同時催化了各種各樣人工智慧(AI)的應用場景加速實現。自2014年以來,中國大陸的AI專利申請量已經超越美國,至今維持全球領先。在學術領域,中國大陸的AI研究論文發表數量、AI期刊的引用量,也雙雙在近年超過了美國。在產業方面,AI應用在大陸的落地速度超越世界其他國家和地區,具有商業價值的AI應用如今開始百花齊放,整合了軟體、硬體和機器人技術的新一代自動化揭開序曲,AI賦能傳統行業的能量,正在蓄勢待發地重塑各行各業。
人類社會至今經歷了三次不同的工業革命:蒸汽革命、電力革命和資訊革命。我相信,AI將會是推動全球第四次工業革命的核心引擎,在世界各地點燃數位化和自動化的變革,而這波前所未有的硬科技浪潮,將由中國來引領實踐。
由於勞動人口減少和新增人口放緩,中國大陸的傳統產業正面臨著勞動力成本上升的巨大壓力,AI正是解決這個難題的技術解答。人工智慧不僅能夠降低運營成本,提高生產效率,擴大整體產能,還有望能帶來收入的增長。
例如,創新工場投資的廣州極飛科技是一家致力於未來農業的AI科技公司,極飛將無人機、機器人和感測器部署在稻田、麥田和棉花田裡,用技術賦能農業中的播種、農藥噴灑、栽種管理、甚至天氣監測環節。用於作物噴灑的極飛科技R150農業無人車已經被推廣到了英國,應用在蘋果、草莓、黑莓等多種經濟作物的種植流程中。
一些大陸的創新公司正積極把機器人拓展到意想不到的場景。總部位於北京的鎂伽是創新工場投資的生命科學智慧自動化公司,他們和實驗室、製藥公司、高校合作,憑藉AI+機器人技術的積累,用自動化解決方案執行實驗室中勞動密集、重複性高、但需要高度精確的任務和流程,同時機器人作業也將盡最大可能保護實驗室人員降低實驗過程中的感染風險。
除了創業公司,我們看到幾家成熟的龍頭企業也開始積極擁抱AI。創新工場參與了有28年歷史的中力電動叉車,這家頭部的鋰電叉車製造商已經推出了能夠在工廠、倉庫自主運行的無人叉車,並且無需對運行環境進行改造,能快速實現從手動到電動到自動駕駛的搬運賦能創新。此外,擁有50多年歷史的領先客車製造商-宇通集團,與自動駕駛獨角獸企業-文遠知行戰略合作,已在大陸三個城市的馬路上運行全無人駕駛小巴。
接著會發生什麼?我大膽預見,在更長遠的未來,機器人和AI將接管大多數產品的製造、設計、交付甚至營銷——很可能將生產成本降低到和原物料成本相差無幾。未來的機器人有能力自我複製和自我修復,甚至做到部分自我反覆運算設計。房屋和公寓將交由AI主導設計,使用預製建築模塊,交由機器人像搭積木似地築樓蓋房。無人公交、無人摩托等隨傳隨到的自動化未來交通系統,能將我們安全無虞地送達想去的地方。
這些願景成為現實或許還需要多年,但此時的大陸正在積極鋪墊引領新一代自動化革命的基石。可期的是,中國工廠的實力將不僅僅體現在產能上,而將逐步彰顯在智慧上。
本文經「TIME時代」授權進行中文編譯,原文如下:
China Is Still the World's Factory — And It's Designing the Future With AI
BY KAI-FU LEE
For many years now, China has been the world’s factory. Even in 2020, as other economies struggled with the effects of the pandemic, China’s manufacturing output was $3.854 trillion, up from the previous year, accounting for nearly a third of the global market.
But if you are still thinking of China’s factories as sweatshops, it’s probably time to change your perception. The Chinese economic recovery from its short-lived pandemic blip has been boosted by its world-beating adoption of artificial intelligence (AI). After overtaking the U.S. in 2014, China now has a significant lead over the rest of the world in AI patent applications. In academia, China recently surpassed the U.S. in the number of both AI research publications and journal citations. Commercial applications are flourishing: a new wave of automation and AI infusion is crashing across a swath of sectors, combining software, hardware and robotics.
As a society, we have experienced three distinct industrial revolutions: steam power, electricity and information technology. I believe AI is the engine fueling the fourth industrial revolution globally, digitizing and automating everywhere. China is at the forefront in manifesting this unprecedented change.
Chinese traditional industries are confronting rising labor costs thanks to a declining working population and slowing population growth. The answer is AI, which reduces operational costs, enhances efficiency and productivity, and generates revenue growth.
For example, Guangzhou-based agricultural-technology company XAG, a Sinovation Ventures portfolio company, is sending drones, robots and sensors to rice, wheat and cotton fields, automating seeding, pesticide spraying, crop development and weather monitoring. XAG’s R150 autonomous vehicle, which sprays crops, has recently been deployed in the U.K. to be used on apples, strawberries and blackberries.
Some companies are rolling out robots in new and unexpected sectors. MegaRobo, a Beijing-based life-science automation company also backed by Sinovation Ventures, designs AI and robots to safely perform repetitive and precise laboratory work in universities, pharmaceutical companies and more, reducing to zero the infection risk to lab workers.
It’s not just startups; established market leaders are also leaning into AI. EP Equipment, a manufacturer of lithium-powered warehouse forklifts founded in Hangzhou 28 years ago, has with Sinovation Ventures’ backing launched autonomous models that are able to maneuver themselves in factories and on warehouse floors. Additionally Yutong Group, a leading bus manufacturer with over 50 years’ history, already has a driverless Mini Robobus on the streets of three cities in partnership with autonomous vehicle unicorn WeRide.
Where is all this headed? I can foresee a time when robots and AI will take over the manufacturing, design, delivery and even marketing of most goods—potentially reducing costs to a small increment over the cost of materials. Robots will become self-replicating, self-repairing and even partially self-designing. Houses and apartment buildings will be designed by AI and use prefabricated modules that robots put together like toy blocks. And just-in-time autonomous public transportation, from robo-buses to robo-scooters, will take us anywhere we want to go.
It will be years before these visions of the future enter the mainstream. But China is laying the groundwork right now, setting itself up to be a leader not only in how much it manufactures, but also in how intelligently it does it.
Source:https://time.com/6084158/china-ai-factory-future/
同時也有189部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過11萬的網紅Lukas Engström,也在其Youtube影片中提到,Do you want to see MORE videos like this one? Please consider joining my YouTube channel to get access to exclusive perks and also support me as all m...
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thanks for all中文 在 Lee Hsien Loong Facebook 的最佳解答
你接种疫苗了吗?
如果你还有一些疑问,不妨听一听部长们进一步的解释。
请尽早接种疫苗,保护家人和保护自己。– 李显龙
中文 - youtu.be/It1yulj1LTQ
福建 - youtu.be/l_iWpALTfpA
潮州 - youtu.be/u00lAh4n8IA
广东 - youtu.be/-6eOC8pVlxE
Gov.sg has produced videos in Malay, Chinese, Tamil, Hokkien, Teochew and Cantonese to explain how vaccines can protect us, and stop us from getting very ill and needing ICU care even if infected.
Do show them to your relatives and friends who are hesitant about vaccination to help allay their concerns. You can watch all six videos in the playlist here: https://go.gov.sg/t7vy9o
Thanks to Josephine Teo, Koh Poh Koon - 许宝琨 and Ong Ye Kung for starring in the videos, alongside Mediacorp artistes! – LHL
#IGotMyShotSG
thanks for all中文 在 翁靜晶 Facebook 的最讚貼文
[首航運送]各方善長請注意:
有鑒於這次由駐港尼泊爾領事館監督的籌款,尼泊爾政府已授權尼泊爾非居民協會(“NRNA”)處理我們提供的醫療援助物資,以確保物資送抵之後,不會被徵收關稅。
在此之前,不少慈善團體(尤其是宗教團體)送到尼泊爾的物資,都遇到不少困難,當中一項就是關稅。沒有官方的認證,尼泊爾政府會假定所有進口貨品,都有機會被人轉售牟利,所以一定會徵收關稅。
為確保大家捐助的物資,會完完整整送到受助人的手上,必須要有官方保證,才可以順利過關。
有關 NRNA 的更多信息,請瀏覽 www.nrna.org.np 網站。
我們很高興地宣布,由 Mr. Yem Gurung 和何猷彪先生捐贈的第一批 450 40 L 氧氣瓶將於下週通過 Kodari Tatopani 海關運往加德滿都。陸運貨物預計從製造工廠到尼泊爾邊境需要5-6天。此批貨運亦包括依據尼泊爾政府旳要求而 製造的氧氣瓶規格,同時亦包括詳細說明書 解釋閥門轉換方法。
上述貨物將交給 NRNA 接收和盡快安排分配,資料會保存在 NRNA 的資產管理系統內。
何猷彪和 Mr. Y Gurung 在尼泊爾駐港領事館的協助下執行此次試運。如果一切順利,日後「香港退伍軍人聯會」和他們的合作團隊將會安排其他物資遵循第一批貨物開闢的路徑運送。
該項目保證會處理妥當,不會發生濫用職權或貪污賄賂。NRNA主席 Mr. Kumar Panta Ji 已親自回覆保證妥善處理和分發物資,並誠意感謝何猷彪先生、「香港香港退伍軍人聯會」、Mr. Y Gurung、香港尼泊爾駐港領事館和香港市民的鼎力支援。
謝謝大家。
Please be advised that The Government of Nepal has authorised Non-Resident Nepali Association ("NRNA") to handle the medical aid supplied by the foreign companies/organisations. Please visit the website: www.nrna.org.np for more information of NRNA.
We are pleased to announce the 1st shipment of 450 40 L Oxygen Cylinders, sponsored by Mr Yem Gurung and Mr Sean Hotung will travel via Tatopani Customs (Kodari) to Kathmandu next week. The land cargo estimated time will be 5-6 days from the factory to the Nepal border. The specification of Oxygen Cylinders and valve conversion method to match requirements in Nepal are part of the shipment.
The handover of the above mentioned consignment will be made to the NRNA for receiving and arranging the swift and efficient distribution of these cylinders and kept under the Asset Management System of NRNA.
Mr Hotung and Mr Y Gurung, with the help of the HK Nepali Consulate, are executing this trial run. If all proceeds accordingly, HKESA, together with their partners will follow the trail opened by the first shipment.
It is noted it has been made abundantly clear that there is to be no mishandling, no misuse and no corruption associated with this project. In reply, President Kumar Panta Ji of the NRNA, has given his personal assurance of the proper handling and distribution in conjunction with extending his deep thanks to Mr Ho, the HKESA, Mr Y. Gurung, the Nepali Consulate of Hong Kong, and the people of Hong Kong.
Fundraising link:
English donation link:
https://www.fringebacker.com/en/projects/covid-19-spiral-out-of-control-in-nepal/
中文捐款連結:
https://www.fringebacker.com/zh-tw/projects/covid-19-spiral-out-of-control-in-nepal/
thanks for all中文 在 Lukas Engström Youtube 的最佳解答
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thanks for all中文 在 Chanana Banana Time Youtube 的最佳貼文
Hi everyone! I hope you're safe and well! (下有中文)
I finally decided to edit and upload my Twitch stream VODs. Thanks to the pandemic I have lot more time and lot less income.🥲 I can't really upgrade my PC nor PS4 so the video quality might not be very good. I hope you don't mind!
With that being said, I really enjoy playing this game and it has a strong RE4 vibe which is my favorite of the whole series. I'll upload the full gameplay and hopefully more to come. Thanks for watching and have a great day! 🙏🏻
☞ I speaks Chinese, English, some Spanish and a bit Japanese. I switch language during streaming since there are people from all parts of the world in my chat and I love that! You're welcome to join my live session too!
☞ Live schedule none fix due to the nature of... me🤷🏻♀️ and my job. In case you'd like to join I always post IG/FB story before streaming and I usually stream 1-2 days every week.
☞ For donate / collab / promote please DM my IG. Work related only.
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嗨!我把在Twitch的實況內容整理過來囉,一直以來是惡靈系列的忠實玩家,8代真的很有4代的感覺我玩得很開心❤️ 我不是專業主播純粹喜歡打遊戲,平台是PS4然後電腦設備也很陽春,疫情期間呈半失業狀態實在無法更新硬體請大家見諒🥲 如果有人喜歡我會盡量多上傳的!大家防疫加油喔!🙏🏻
☞ 我說多國語言所以直播時會根據觀眾組成換來換去,不是精神分裂。
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thanks for all中文 在 Chanana Banana Time Youtube 的最佳解答
Hi everyone! I hope you're safe and well! (下有中文)
I finally decided to edit and upload my Twitch stream VODs. Thanks to the pandemic I have lot more time and lot less income.🥲 I can't really upgrade my PC nor PS4 so the video quality might not be very good. I hope you don't mind!
With that being said, I really enjoy playing this game and it has a strong RE4 vibe which is my favorite of the whole series. I'll upload the full gameplay and hopefully more to come. Thanks for watching and have a great day! 🙏🏻
☞ I speaks Chinese, English, some Spanish and a bit Japanese. I switch language during streaming since there are people from all parts of the world in my chat and I love that! You're welcome to join my live session too!
☞ Live schedule none fix due to the nature of... me🤷🏻♀️ and my job. In case you'd like to join I always post IG/FB story before streaming and I usually stream 1-2 days every week.
☞ For donate / collab / promote please DM my IG. Work related only.
● Twitch:https://www.twitch.tv/qqchana
● IG:https://www.instagram.com/qqchana
● FB:https://www.facebook.com/QQchana
● Patreon:https://www.patreon.com/qqchana
● Donate(Paypal):https://www.paypal.com/webapps/shoppingcart?flowlogging_id=28050cf4140f5&mfid=1622164547299_28050cf4140f5#/checkout/openButton
● Donate(Opay):https://payment.opay.tw/Broadcaster/Donate/9B02B1FFAF29252183E07073CE2D88F1
———————————————————————————————————
嗨!我把在Twitch的實況內容整理過來囉,一直以來是惡靈系列的忠實玩家,8代真的很有4代的感覺我玩得很開心❤️ 我不是專業主播純粹喜歡打遊戲,平台是PS4然後電腦設備也很陽春,疫情期間呈半失業狀態實在無法更新硬體請大家見諒🥲 如果有人喜歡我會盡量多上傳的!大家防疫加油喔!🙏🏻
☞ 我說多國語言所以直播時會根據觀眾組成換來換去,不是精神分裂。
☞ 播出時間不固定,因為我的工作沒有時間規律。開播前會先在 IG/FB 限時動態公告時間,通常是台灣時間的晚上到深夜,一週約1~2天。夜貓子歡迎來玩!
☞ 贊助/合作/業配 請私訊IG或FB粉專,非工作相關不會回覆。
● Twitch:https://www.twitch.tv/qqchana
● IG 本人:https://www.instagram.com/qqchana
● FB 粉專:https://www.facebook.com/QQchana
● Patreon 寫真:https://www.patreon.com/qqchana
● 贊助(Paypal):https://www.paypal.com/webapps/shoppingcart?flowlogging_id=28050cf4140f5&mfid=1622164547299_28050cf4140f5#/checkout/openButton
● 贊助(歐付寶):https://payment.opay.tw/Broadcaster/Donate/9B02B1FFAF29252183E07073CE2D88F1
thanks for all中文 在 How to Say Thank You in Mandarin Chinese ... - YouTube 的推薦與評價
45 Chinese words related to money | expand your vocabularies · 15 Chinese Phrases that Natives use ALL THE TIME · 9 Reasons To Learn Mandarin ... ... <看更多>