關於 water the plants中文 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

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🌲亞馬遜雨林與我們🌲

亞馬遜雨林大火的新聞
完全在中美貿易戰下隱沒😰
直到燃燒3週後新聞披露後
才震驚了全世界
重新重視這個比政治角力還重要的環境問題

📌About Amazon:
#亞馬遜Amazon是全世界最大的雨林
佔地550萬平方公里
範圍遍及八個國家
雨林製造出來的氧氣占了地球所需的20%
因此有 #地球之肺之稱

📌雨林為何會起火？
根據美國太空總署指出
雨林因為環境潮濕
相對來說不易發生火災
但7-10月是南美洲的乾季
氣候變異全球暖化
加上農民和牧場主人習慣使用大火清理土地備用
巴西政府也從未明令禁止
也是亞馬遜頻頻起火的主因

📌面對攸關全人類的生態環境浩劫
我們能和孩子分享什麼？
#真正的認識比人云亦云更重要
#唯有了解全面知識才能宏觀以對

今年四月復活節前夕
我們走了一趟澳洲
出國前和雙娜一起看了
#神奇樹屋20搶救無尾熊的故事
書中提到許多大家耳熟能詳的澳洲代表動物：無尾熊、鴯鶓、袋鼠
也介紹了會發出笑聲的「笑翠鳥」
最幸運的是我們在旅程中
不僅住在袋鼠牧場旁的旅館
盡情觀賞袋鼠優雅跳躍的姿態
也近距離看到笑翠鳥本尊
真的超級幸運👍👍👍

《搶救無尾熊》這本書設定的情境正巧是澳洲森林大火
於是在旅途時
我們特別注意森林的樹幹是否曾有森林大火留下來的記號：焦黑的樹幹
果不其然在林間漫步時發現為數不少wildfires 的蹤跡
興奮的我們一直拍照留下書中文字的現實照
當時正是澳洲秋天之際
但燠熱乾燥的風一吹來
我們也相當擔心林間突然來場森林大火
這樣可就糟了
幸好我們很幸運
沒有經歷神奇樹屋的彩虹雨那段😜

默默關心了幾天有關亞馬遜雨林大火後
我想應該讓孩子了解wildfires 是什麼
於是除了重拾《神奇樹屋：搶救無尾熊》和照片外
我們還一起共讀 #national geographic kids系列的 #wildfires
非常喜歡國家地理推出針對孩童所看的科普人文系列
圖大精美、中立書寫第一線觀察得知的資訊
讓閱讀時如臨現場
也能忠實傳遞資訊知識
沒有太多的正反評語
留待讀者自行評判
接下來就和大家分享本次共讀心得

#引發森林大火的原因：
1️⃣閃電
2️⃣火山暴發
3️⃣人類有意或無意焚燒
4️⃣乾燥高溫的風助燃

#Fire triangle:
1️⃣heat:starts a fire and keeps it going.
2️⃣fuel:gives a fire the energy it needs to keep burning.
3️⃣oxygen:for fuel to burn,it must react with oxygen in the air.

#森林大火的三種型態
1️⃣ground fire
2️⃣surface fire
3️⃣crown fire

#動物如何逃生
1️⃣small animals burrow underground.
2️⃣Others hide under rocks or in nearby logs.
3️⃣Many run or fly to safety.

#森林火災的益處與必須性
1️⃣After a fire,sunlight can shine on the forest floor,allowing new plants to grow.
2️⃣Wildfires help forests by burning dead leaves and plants and ashes add nutrients to the soil.
3️⃣Fires can remove sick plants and insects that kill trees.
4️⃣Heat can melt the waxy coating on the tree's comes.
After the fire,new trees can sprout in the soil.

#如何滅火？
根據fire triangle的理論
杜絕其中一樣即可滅火
1️⃣#heat:Planes drop thousands of gallons of water on a fire at a time.
2️⃣#fuel:firefighters clear away brush and dig a long ditch to create a fire line.

#After the fire🔥
1️⃣植物：因陽光照射、灰燼成泥土養分使植物得以迅速成長
2️⃣動物：因植物成長，重返森林建立家園

#如何防止因人為不當而引發森林大火？
1️⃣Do not start campfires during dry spells.
2️⃣Build campfires only in fire pits.
3️⃣Do not build a campfire without the help of an adult.
4️⃣Never leave a campfire unattended.
5️⃣Put out a campfire completely before leaving or going to sleep.
6️⃣Call 911if you notice a fire that is out of control or unattended.

#雖然森林大火對自然生態是必須的
#但超過八成以上的森林大火來自人為
👉Smokey bear給人類的敬告：
#Only you can prevent wildfires.

📌看完《Wildfires》後
帶孩子回頭看《神奇樹屋：搶救無尾熊》尋找線索：

#Fire triangle:
1️⃣heat:灼熱刺眼的陽光
2️⃣oxygen:乾燥的空氣
3️⃣fuel:灌木叢和枯瘦的樹林

#如何滅火？
#heat:Planes drop thousands of gallons of water on a fire at a time.
樹屋：大雨澆熄了森林大火
傑克回頭看著樹林
霧茫茫的蒸氣從燒焦的地面和燃燒的灌木叢升起

#讓孩子練習從文本找關鍵線索
#確立對文本重點與脈絡的掌握
#珍惜雨林不是口號
#而是全面性了解認識
#4y5m共讀

[中國特色的中亞城市：喀什]
Kashgar: a central Asian city in China

或者也可以說是中亞特色的中國城市啦。
Or a Chinese city in central Asia.

5月21日，踏入了本趟最艱難的一段旅程：從吉爾吉斯的帕米爾高原通過中吉邊界入境中國，高海拔、沒有大眾運輸、不知道簽證與護照是否能順利通過，那天還意外的加上下大雪；還好結果這天意外的順利，交通問題得以克服、護照和簽證也沒碰到刁難，結果最讓人不耐的反而是入境時的速度——只能說，以一個不正常的身份（台胞）配上一個不正常的證件（中國旅行證）入境這個國家，真的需要很大的耐心啊。用了接近12個小時，終於在晚上九點進入中國最西城市喀什。

Started the hardest part of my journey on May 21: entering China from Kyrgyzstan via Pamir Highway: high altitude, lack of public transit, possibility of rejection, plus heavy snow on that particular date. Fortunately, it was overall smooth - had no problem finding rides, was admitted without further questions. However, the passport check did take a very long time. As a Taiwanese (which is considered both Chinese citizen and foreigner here), entering this country sometimes requires extra patience :)

老實說我原本對於喀什沒有很大的期待，純粹是抱持這路過的心情，畢竟才剛剛去過烏茲別克和吉爾吉斯，這兩個國家的文化都和維吾爾人有點關連（對，很多人都不知道其實烏茲別克人和維吾爾人其實是同一個族群，至今也操著相同的語言，因為對泛突厥主義恨之入骨的中國政府不會讓你發現這件事），但又少了中國色彩而更加純粹；相形之下，走著標準中國特色發展的喀什就沒那麼有特色，喀什的清真寺與陵墓那兩國比起來簡直像路邊民宅一樣。

結果卻讓我大感意外：我發覺這個城市雖然特色不如前兩國那樣鮮明，卻有一些讓我覺得驚喜的發現。簡單記下這一兩天所見：

I didn't expect much from this city: as someone who just came from central Asia, the Islam architecture in Uzbekistan is way more impressive than here, and the Turkic/Islamic culture in Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan is more authentic than Kashgar. But to my surprise, I actually liked Kashgar more than I thought. Indeed it is not as impressive, but still found things that amazed me:

*既像中國又像中亞*
Where China and central Asia meet

就如同大多數的中國城市，第一印象往往是超大的建築和馬路，現代化的高樓大廈和北京上海的看起來沒什麼差別；然而，離開市中心不遠，我仍然看到在泥塑的民居旁邊，維吾爾人在泥濘的路上趕著羊，就和我在吉爾吉斯每天看到的景象一樣。而旁邊不到10公尺處就是30米寬的新闢道路，暗示著我看到的這一切可能幾個月之後就會完全改變。

As a typical Chinese city, first impression is often the extra-large-size streets and buildings. The new high-rise buildings here are no different from those in Beijing; but few kilometers from downtown, you can still see more common central Asian scene. Next to mud-covered houses, locals still push their flocks around on muddy roads, even though it was just 10 meters away from a newly built modern street. I think the existence of the street implies that this scene can probably change in a few months.

*維吾爾民居*
Uyghur residence

和青旅認識的朋友一起去逛老城區時，有幸被當地人邀請到家裡短暫作客，得以窺見他們的典型家屋：入口處通常會有個前庭，前庭裡有著一個涼台上面擺著刺繡的軟墊與茶几，這是他們在炎熱天氣裡吃飯喝茶閒聊的地方；前庭裡還會有個直上二樓陽台的階梯，偶有植物枝葉從陽台垂下，成為房屋裝飾的一部分。

主人送上了溫水與形似饅頭的麵食，我們在涼台上透過會講中文的孫女和老爺爺老奶奶溝通。他們已經80（也就是出生在這裡還是中華民國新疆省疏勒縣的那個年代），跟他們說我是台灣人，他們完全不知道那是什麼地方，只是繼續說著這是我太太、這是我孫女、這是我曾孫……。

While exploring the old town with a friend I met at youth hostel, we were invited into a local residence. A typical residence has a front yard, where a bed is set with a table and cushions. This is where the family would eat and hang out while temperature is high. Also a stair leads to a second floor balcony, where some plants would come down into the yard.

We were served with warm water and some homemade bread, and tried to communicate with an old couple through their granddaughter who can speak Mandarin. They are already 80, and know nothing about Taiwan. The gentleman simply repeats that this is my wife, this is my granddaughter, this is my great grandson, etc.

*內地的定義*
The "inner land"

偶然遇到一位家在新疆的漢人小哥，和他提起我旅行的經驗，還有我旅行的花費。他說，他去年去「內地」轉了幾天結果也花了幾萬元。我心想，內地？啊內地不就是你們大陸嗎？我這才想到，其實對不同人來說，「內地」指的是不一樣的概念——對他們來說，東部那些以漢文化為主的核心城市才是「內地」，自己住的地方是邊疆。

這樣說來，「台灣的內地是南投」這個講法好像也不太對，正確來說，東部人會覺得內地是西部、南部人會覺得內地是北部、新北市人會覺得內地是台北市吧。

Met a local Chinese who said he traveled to the "inner land" from Xinjiang (the province where Kashgar is located). This surprised me, as I always thought that for a mainland Chinese, inner land simply means the entire mainland (in opposition to Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau). His words changed my understanding of the word "inner land". I guess the true meaning of "inner land" is: where the mainstream culture and primary cities are located.

*維吾爾人的處境*

喀什幾乎所有的商店招牌都是維吾爾文字與漢字並列，公車報站名時都會報中文和維吾爾語（對，沒有英文），古城裡玩樂的孩童嘴裡說的也都是維吾爾語，乍看之下這個文化似乎欣欣向榮，但事實上大家都覺得這一切很快就會改變。

在這裡工作的漢人告訴我，他發現維吾爾人言談之間會流露出一種「漢文化比較好」的偏見，學校裡已經開始不教維吾爾語，許多政策明顯有利於漢人，城市裡可以見到的一切標語也都是「文明社會」、「中國特色社會主義」、「十九大精神」等。在這種漢文化或者國家團結至上的氛圍裡，維吾爾人的語言和文化正快速的弱化著。

Uyghur language can be seen and heard everywhere, and this may make you feel that this minority culture in China is thriving. In fact, it is not, and many think that this situation would change very soon.

Han Chinese locals here told me that they can feel even the Uyghurs show disdain toward their own culture unconscientiously in their conversation. Uyghur language is no longer taught at schools, and many policies are friendlier to Han Chinese. "Han is a better culture" can be observed in many ways, and the Uyghur culture and language are being weakened rapidly.

牛奶是小牛的唯一食物！

牛 奶 迷 思 四 部 曲 — 乳糖不耐症
(中文請往下滑)

The Dairy Myth
Part Two — LACTOSE INTOLERANCE

Humans are the only animals that continue to consume milk into adulthood. No other specie drinks milk beyond infancy nor the milk of another species. Cow’s milk is made for their babies, suited to the nutritional needs of calves, not made for human consumption.

Most humans begin to produce less lactase, the enzyme that helps with the digestion of milk, when they are as young as 2 years old. This reduction in lactase can lead to lactose intolerance. More than 90% of Asians are lactose intolerant, symptoms include bloating, gas, cramps, diarrhea and vomiting.

You won’t find any diary products at Plants, instead we serve you nutritious and easy to digest alternatives like activated nut mylks, non-dairy cheesecakes and more!

[ Make your own CHOCOLATE MYLK ]
1 cup cashews
3 cups filtered water
6 pitted dates
3 Tbsp raw cacao powder
2 Tbsp raw cacao nibs
1 tsp vanilla
a pinch of cinnamon
and a high speed blender

1. Soak the cashews in filtered water with a pinch of salt overnight in bowl, keep it in the fridge.
2. Once it's done soaking, which gets rid of the natural occurring anti-nutrients in nuts, drain and rinse with filtered water and throw them into the blender along with all the other ingredients. Blend until smooth and voilà!

第 二 部 曲 — 乳糖不耐症
人類是唯一在長大後還吃乳製品的動物。小羊、小牛長大後也不會再喝母奶。事實上，因應人體與牛的構造不同，牛奶與人奶的成份其實是大不相同的，換句話說，適合別的動物的奶其實不見得適用於人體！

隨著年齡成長，人體中幫助消化乳醣的酵素會減少，所以在沒有酵素幫忙的情況下，又攝取乳製品，會導致乳糖不耐。根據研究統計，逾90%的亞洲人有乳醣不耐的情形。腸絞痛、腹瀉、腹痛、嘔吐等都是乳糖不耐的症狀，特別注意的是，有些嬰兒也是因為不適乳糖而有這樣的情形唷！

在Plants我們不提供任何乳製品，取而代之的是自製的喚醒堅果奶，不僅營養價值更高、更好消化，同時也更沒有負擔唷！

[ Plants 教妳/你做 – 巧克力腰果奶 ]
1 杯 生腰果
3 杯 過濾飲用水
6 顆 去籽椰棗
3 湯匙 生可可粉
2 湯匙 生可可仁
1 茶匙 香草精/香草粉
1 小撮 肉桂粉
1 台 高速 blender

1. 將腰果浸泡在加了一點點鹽的飲用水中，放入冰箱一個晚上。這是為了將堅果本身含有的抗營養因子去除。
2. 隔天把水瀝乾、用飲用水清洗後放入blender，加入所有其他食材，打到滑順就完成了！

資料來源：
牛奶與人體健康（中文）：http://fooduncovered.org/2014/05/15/rthk-milk/
嬰兒乳醣不耐（中文）http://www.femh.org.tw/epaperadmin/viewarticle.aspx?ID=1299
牛奶全真相（英文）：http://www.peta.org/…/an…/cows-milk-cruel-unhealthy-product/

#plantseatery