《懷孕或哺乳期間的 COVID-19 疫苗相關建議》
📣孕婦與近期懷孕的婦女感染 COVID-19後患重病的風險增加
儘管孕婦感染 COVID-19後患重病的總體風險不高,但與非孕婦相比仍相對較高。疾病嚴重程度包括:需要住院、重症監護、需要呼吸器或特殊設備以維持呼吸或導致死亡。此外,感染 COVID-19 的孕婦比沒有感染的孕婦有更高的早產風險,並且其他不良妊娠結局的發生風險也可能增加。
📣COVID-19 疫苗對孕婦是否安全?
目前關於孕婦接種疫苗的安全性和有效性研究雖然有限,但持續增加中。目前研究結果顯示,孕婦接種 COVID-19 疫苗的好處超過懷孕期間接種疫苗的任何已知或潛在風險。
■ 在動物實驗中沒有發現安全問題:
對在懷孕前或懷孕期間接受莫德納、BNT或嬌生疫苗的動物進行研究,結 果發現懷孕動物或其子代都沒有安全問題。
■ COVID-19 疫苗不會引起感染,包括孕婦或其嬰兒:
沒有一種 COVID-19 疫苗含有導致因接種而感染新冠肺炎的活病毒,因此,COVID-19疫苗不會使任何人感染新冠肺炎,包括孕婦或其嬰兒。
■ 有關在懷孕期間接受 mRNA COVID-19 疫苗(莫德納或BNT)的安全性早期研究數據令人放心:
美國疾病控制與預防中心發布了美國首份關於在懷孕期間接種mRNA COVID-19疫苗的安全性研究報告。該報告分析了來自三個不同的安全監測系統的數據。這些早期數據並未發現接種COVID-19疫苗的孕婦或其嬰兒有任何安全問題。
■ 早期數據指出,在懷孕期間接種 mRNA COVID-19 疫苗可降低感染風險:
最近一項以色列的研究中將接種 mRNA COVID-19 疫苗的孕婦與未接種的孕婦進行比較。結果發現,接種疫苗能降低感染 COVID-19 病毒的風險。
■ 孕婦接種疫苗後產生的抗體可能具有保護胎兒的效果:
孕婦在懷孕期間接種 mRNA COVID-19疫苗後會產生針對COVID-19 的抗體,而這些抗體在臍帶血中被發現。這意味著在懷孕期間接種 COVID-19疫苗可能有助於保護胎兒免受 COVID-19的侵害。目前需要更多的研究來確定這些抗體(類似於其他疫苗產生的抗體)如何保護胎兒。
目前,其他研究在孕婦身上 COVID-19 疫苗安全性及效果的臨床試驗正在進行中。疫苗製造商尚在收集和統整已完成臨床試驗(接種疫苗)的受試者懷孕後的數據。
📣美國疾病控制與預防中心給孕婦的建議:
COVID-19疫苗建議給12歲以上的人施打,也包括孕婦。如果您已經懷孕,您可以向醫生詢問接種COVID-19疫苗的相關資訊,當然您可以直接接種疫苗,不需要醫生提供額外的文件。
如果您接種的疫苗需要施打兩劑 (例如: 輝瑞-BNT或莫德納疫苗),接種第一劑之後懷孕,在可以接種第二劑時,應該盡快接種第二劑來提升保護力。
如果接種COVID-19疫苗之後有發燒的副作用,應服用含有乙醯胺酚(acetaminophen)的退燒藥或是鎮痛解熱藥物來緩解症狀,因為持續的發燒對於懷孕可能會造成不良的結果。
📣美國疾病控制與預防中心給哺乳中婦女的建議:
COVID-19疫苗目前只建議給12歲以上的人施打,也包含哺乳中的婦女。現階段在美國COVID-19疫苗的臨床試驗對象沒有包含哺乳中的婦女,因為疫苗尚未在哺乳中的婦女做研究,所以關於哺乳中的婦女施打COVID-19疫苗的安全性、施打疫苗後對於嬰兒的影響,以及施打疫苗後對於母乳產量的影響,目前所得到的數據有限。
COVID-19疫苗可以有效的預防哺乳中的婦女感染新冠肺炎,您和您的小孩並不會因為接種疫苗而感染新冠肺炎。近期的研究報告指出: 哺乳中的婦女接種mRNA新冠肺炎疫苗之後,在母乳裡面有抗體出現,嬰兒可以透過喝母乳來獲得抗體,增加保護力。但還需要有更多數據才能知道這些抗體對嬰兒提供多少的保護力。
📣COVID-19疫苗的副作用:
孕婦在接種COVID-19疫苗之後可能會出現副作用,尤其是在接種第二劑疫苗之後。尤其是孕婦接種mRNA的COVID-19疫苗(例如: 莫德納或輝瑞-BNT疫苗) 出現的副作用與一般人相同,如果有出現發燒的副作用,應服用含有乙醯胺酚(acetaminophen)的退燒藥或是鎮痛解熱藥物來緩解症狀,因為持續的發燒對於懷孕可能會造成不良的結果。
有少部分的人接種疫苗之後可能會出現過敏反應,如果您對於疫苗或是注射治療(例如: 肌肉注射、靜脈注射、皮下注射)有過敏反應,在接種疫苗之前,應先與醫生評估: 接種疫苗產生嚴重過敏反應的風險,和接種疫苗的好處。如果您在懷孕期間接種COVID-19疫苗之後有過敏反應,您可以接受治療來降低過敏反應。
📋參考資料
(CDC)美國疾病控制與預防中心:
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/recommendations/pregnancy.html
References:
1. Shimabukuro TT, Kim SY, Myers TR, et al. Preliminary Findings of mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine Safety in Pregnant Persons. N Engl J Med 2021; 384:2273-2282. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2104983.
2. Goldshtein I, Nevo D, Steinberg DM, et al. Association Between BNT162b2 Vaccination and Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pregnant Women. JAMA. Published online July 12, 2021. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.11035
3. Gray KJ, Bordt EA, Atyeo C, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine response in pregnant and lactating women: a cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Published online March 25, 2021.
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.03.023
4. Perl SH, Uzan-Yulzari A, Klainer H, et al. SARS-CoV-2–Specific Antibodies in Breast Milk After COVID-19 Vaccination of Breastfeeding Women. 2021;325(19):2013–2014. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.5782
5. Kelly JC, Carter EB, Raghuraman N, et al. Anti–severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies induced in breast milk after Pfizer-BioNTech/BNT162b2 vaccination. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2021;225(1):101-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.03.031external icon
6. Jakuszko K, Kościelska-Kasprzak K, Żabińska M, et al. Immune Response to Vaccination against COVID-19 in Breastfeeding Health Workers. Vaccines. 2021; 9(6):663. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9060663external icon
(林口長庚紀念醫院PGY何佳樺醫師、國立清華大學醫科系沈昆樺、林口長庚紀念醫院兒童內科部姚宗杰教授、群體健康科學研究所蔡慧如研究員摘要整理)
👉更多照護指引文章:
https://forum.nhri.edu.tw/covid19/tag/guideline/
衛生福利部
林口長庚紀念醫院
國立清華大學National Tsing Hua University
財團法人國家衛生研究院
國家衛生研究院-論壇
同時也有101部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過58萬的網紅Helen's Recipes (Vietnamese Food),也在其Youtube影片中提到,Sweet potato balls are a popular bite-sized street snack in Vietnam. They are crispy on the outside and soft and fluffy on the inside. Give it a try a...
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www.ruten.com.tw/item/show?22103753786712
※髮型屆KOL新一代男神開店的消息在牛奶宇宙可是炸了鍋,
前四位能夠搶先給包柏做個造型好過年的名人,從政界到音樂界再到電影界,個個大有來頭。
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高地牛柯特(KURT)
『只有用心,才能剪出最棒的髮型』包柏說到。
想必大家對這位髮壇傳奇的新店一定充滿好奇,趕緊預約剪髮,一睹時尚icon們的風采吧!
milk icon 在 Helen's Recipes (Vietnamese Food) Youtube 的最佳解答
Sweet potato balls are a popular bite-sized street snack in Vietnam. They are crispy on the outside and soft and fluffy on the inside. Give it a try and you are gonna love it.
► Ingredients:
500gr sweet potato
35gr purpose flour
50gr tapioca starch
60gr corn starch
15gr sugar
5gr sesame seed
30ml milk
cooking oil
►Full recipe | Xem công thức đầy đủ : https://helenrecipes.com/fried-sweet-potato-balls-khoai-lang-ken/
► GET MY COOKBOOKS | Đặt mua sách nấu ăn của Helen http://helenrecipes.com/cookbook/
►Subscribe for NEW VIDEO EVERY FRIDAY (Turn on the BELL icon to get notified for new uploads) | Đăng ký kênh & ấn vào chuông để nhận thông báo khi có video mới: https://bit.ly/36S0p0I
►Items in my kitchen: https://amazon.com/shop/helenrecipes
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►Some of your favorites | Các video được yêu thích nhất:
Best ever Pho Recipe | Phở: https://youtu.be/EpRBxau3ou0
Original Bun Bo | Bún Bò Huế: https://youtu.be/4222YFNqDP8
Vietnamese Baguette | Bí Kiếp Bánh Mì Gia Truyền: https://youtu.be/Dz9r3vNRxPA
Cooking with Grandma | Vào Bếp cùng Ngoại: https://youtu.be/UkZL4Dkjqpg
All Vietnamese desserts | Các món tráng miệng https://bit.ly/3rAMEvn
Everyday family meals | Bữa cơm gia đình https://bit.ly/3jzuiZ0
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milk icon 在 Helen's Recipes (Vietnamese Food) Youtube 的精選貼文
If you are a donut fan who loves taro, this recipe is going to be your favorite
► Ingredients:
The filling:
130gr taro
175gr whipping cream
1/8tsp taro flour
The dough:
200gr flour
1 egg and 1 yolk
4gr yeast
2gr salt
sugar
75ml milk
25gr butter
cooking oil
►Full recipe | Xem công thức đầy đủ : https://helenrecipes.com
► GET MY COOKBOOKS | Đặt mua sách nấu ăn của Helen http://helenrecipes.com/cookbook/
►Subscribe for NEW VIDEO EVERY FRIDAY (Turn on the BELL icon to get notified for new uploads) | Đăng ký kênh & ấn vào chuông để nhận thông báo khi có video mới: https://bit.ly/36S0p0I
►Items in my kitchen: https://amazon.com/shop/helenrecipes
►Các sản phẩm trong bếp nhà Helen: https://shopee.vn/m/Helenrecipe
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►Some of your favorites | Các video được yêu thích nhất:
Best ever Pho Recipe | Phở: https://youtu.be/EpRBxau3ou0
Original Bun Bo | Bún Bò Huế: https://youtu.be/4222YFNqDP8
Vietnamese Baguette | Bí Kiếp Bánh Mì Gia Truyền: https://youtu.be/Dz9r3vNRxPA
Cooking with Grandma | Vào Bếp cùng Ngoại: https://youtu.be/UkZL4Dkjqpg
All Vietnamese desserts | Các món tráng miệng https://bit.ly/3rAMEvn
Everyday family meals | Bữa cơm gia đình https://bit.ly/3jzuiZ0
Music from Youtube music library
#HelenRecipes #vietnamesefood #vietnameserecipes
![post-title](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ksLzzbBY_mY/hqdefault.jpg)
milk icon 在 Helen's Recipes (Vietnamese Food) Youtube 的最佳貼文
This version of wool roll bread is filled with dry fruits and creamy matcha filling.
► Ingredients:
For the dough:
500g bread flour
60g sugar
5g salt
7g instant yeast
50g unsalted butter
1 egg
25g milk powder
250g water
For the filling:
50g dried fruit
10g matcha powder
2 yolks
250ml milk
70g cream cheese
50g sugar
20g flour
20g butter
►Full recipe | Xem công thức đầy đủ : https://helenrecipes.com
► GET MY COOKBOOKS | Đặt mua sách nấu ăn của Helen http://helenrecipes.com/cookbook/
►Subscribe for NEW VIDEO EVERY FRIDAY (Turn on the BELL icon to get notified for new uploads) | Đăng ký kênh & ấn vào chuông để nhận thông báo khi có video mới: https://bit.ly/36S0p0I
►Items in my kitchen: https://amazon.com/shop/helenrecipes
►Các sản phẩm trong bếp nhà Helen: https://shopee.vn/m/Helenrecipe
►My Instagram: http://instagram.com/helenrecipes/
►Facebook | Cập nhập ý tưởng nấu nướng mỗi ngày https://www.facebook.com/Helenrecipes
► Support on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/helenrecipes
►Some of your favorites | Các video được yêu thích nhất:
Best ever Pho Recipe | Phở: https://youtu.be/EpRBxau3ou0
Original Bun Bo | Bún Bò Huế: https://youtu.be/4222YFNqDP8
Vietnamese Baguette | Bí Kiếp Bánh Mì Gia Truyền: https://youtu.be/Dz9r3vNRxPA
Cooking with Grandma | Vào Bếp cùng Ngoại: https://youtu.be/UkZL4Dkjqpg
All Vietnamese desserts | Các món tráng miệng https://bit.ly/3rAMEvn
Everyday family meals | Bữa cơm gia đình https://bit.ly/3jzuiZ0
Music from Youtube music library
#HelenRecipes #vietnamesefood #vietnameserecipes
![post-title](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/MG3YL4VHmDs/hqdefault.jpg)
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