#看到最後
【語言學視角】從疫苗新聞看 chunk-based vs. rule-based 英語學習法
過去40年的英語習得研究(不管是語言學派、認知派、神經派、心理派、還社會文化派)都同意一件事情:語言學習的核心有兩塊,一塊是 #規則導向、一塊是 #語塊導向。
白話文:不管你今天學的是聽、說、讀、寫、商業英語簡報術、email 寫作、學術寫作、還是 small talk,都不脫離這2個導向。
拿「疫苗」相關的英文來說,以下這種「零散」的方式學習,對英文學習的意義不大。
vaccine (n.) 疫苗 (看到 get vaccinated 就哭了)
immune (a.) 免疫的
但我們可以用 chunk-based 和 rule-based 兩個層面,一起學習:
◼︎ Chunk-based
・side-effects 副作用: 沒有明顯的副作用是 no obvious side effects? (應該是 no major side effects)
・domestic / local / domestically-developed vaccine 國產疫苗
・get vaccinated 接種疫苗
・administer XX doses / shots of... 施打~劑
・develop a fever 發燒
◼︎ Rule-based
1️⃣「發燒」,最經典的中式英文就是 have fever 或 develop fever
(中文很難想像發燒可以數,正確是 have / develop a fever)
2️⃣ offer protection “against” severe disease 可預防重症 (這邊的 against 用法,需要對於英文介系詞概念性的理解,很難完全用背的,也會是罩門之一)
✔︎ 年齡 65 歲以上的受試者的數量不足:
There is a shortage of subjects aged 65 and above.
這句話要能產出,必須要有 rule-based 和 chunk-based 兩個面向都有良好的基礎。
3/29 (一) 晚上我將帶來 #最後加場 的改變一生英文文法、搭配詞公開課,完整帶你揭開 chunk-based 和 rule-based 英語學習的面貌,脫離「年年學英文,年年從頭學」、「字字是英文,句句非英文」的窘境。
地點:台北市朱崙街60號2F (MRT 南京復興站)
時間:3/29 (一) 7:30 - 9:00 (7:00 pm 入場)
一秒報名:
https://www.accupass.com/event/2103260620021712708765
Photo credit: 中央社
obvious用法 在 EZ Talk Facebook 的最佳解答
#EZTALK #你不知道的美國大小事 #豬年回顧 #這絕對不是豬身攻擊
🐽Food Idioms 美國生活用語:Pork 豬肉
豬年即將結束,我們就趁這個專欄,介紹一些與 pork 豬肉有關的美國生活用語吧~🐖
1⃣eat like a pig; pig out
2⃣fat as a pig
3⃣sweat like a pig
4⃣pigsty
5⃣put lipstick on a pig
--
Pigs are known for being noisy, greedy eaters, 1⃣so if someone says you “eat like a pig,” well, you know what they mean. Ex: I don’t like eating out with Sean because he eats like a pig. In fact, pigs are so famous for their eating habits that they’ve even become verbs: “pig out” means “to eat greedily or gorge.” Ex: If you pig out on junk food, you’re going to get a stomachache.
豬吃東西一向又吵又急,所以如果有人說你 eat like a pig,嗯…我想你應該知道他是什麼意思。如:I don’t like eating out with Sean because he eats like a pig.(我不愛跟尚恩吃飯,因為他吃相像頭豬。)事實上,豬也因為吃相太出名,pig 一字也變成動詞了:pig out 指「狼吞虎嚥;大吃大喝」,如:If you pig out on junk food, you’re going to get a stomachache. (如果你猛塞垃圾食物,你會肚子痛。)
What happens if you eat like a pig? You get fat! 2⃣So if you say someone is fat as a pig, the meaning is obvious. Ex: Josh used to be thin, but now he’s fat as a pig. 3⃣The fat tend to sweat a lot, and “sweat like a pig” means “to sweat profusely.” Which seems strange, because pigs don’t actually sweat. As it turns out, this expression comes from pig iron, which “sweats” as it cools. Ex: I sweat like a pig whenever it gets hot.
那如果你吃得像一頭豬,會有什麼後果?對,你會變胖!所以如果你說,某人 fat as a pig,這意思應該也很清楚。如:Josh used to be thin, but now he’s fat as a pig.(賈許過去很瘦,可是現在肥得像頭豬。)人一胖,也很容易流汗,所以 sweat like a pig 就是指「汗流浹背」。這個說法其實沒道理,因為豬事實上是不流汗的。其實這個用語是出自生鐵(pig iron),一旦生鐵冷卻下來,就會一直『出汗』。如:I sweat like a pig whenever it gets hot.(天氣熱的時候,我總是汗流浹背。)
We all know how pigs love rolling around in the mud, so a 4⃣ “pigsty” can mean a place that’s really dirty or messy. Ex: Why is your room such a pigsty? 5⃣ Pigs are so dirty that putting lipstick on them wouldn’t make them look much better, so “put lipstick on a pig” means to make superficial changes in an attempt to makes something (or someone) seem better than it really is. Ex: The government’s PR campaign is just putting lipstick on a pig.
我們都知道豬喜歡在泥巴裡滾來滾去,所以 pigsty「豬圈」可以延伸形容又髒又亂的地方,如:Why is your room such a pigsty?(你房間怎麼可以亂得像豬窩?)因為豬太髒了,即使幫牠們塗口紅也沒用,所以這個譬喻用法 put lipstick on a pig 可以指「再怎麼粉飾美化也沒用」。如:The government’s PR campaign is just putting lipstick on a pig.(政府的公關活動只是給豬上口紅。)
【✍重點單字】
1. gorge「狼吞虎嚥」:當動詞。
2. pig iron「生鐵」:未經鍛造、品質不純的生鐵。
3. profusely「充沛地、大量地」
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🔔 按下「搶先看」,每週五【美國大小事】,由 Judd 編審分享最即時美國新鮮事!想知道更多美國文化,請看 👉 http://bit.ly/EZTalk嚴選
obvious用法 在 EZ Talk Facebook 的最佳貼文
學希拉蕊如何振振有辭的表達
【以 it 為首的強調句型 】
當我們想強調句子裡某事件、某時、某人等等的時候,可把欲強調事物前面加上虛主詞 it,並將整段話置於句首,之後再用 that 引導出真正的句子。
希拉蕊用這種虛主詞 it 代替 that 子句(名詞子句)的句型來強調,你的人生跟你周遭的「人」有密不可分之關係。這樣的用法也常見於英文文章中。
● It is/was + 欲強調事物 + that 主詞 + 動詞,例:
His words made me angry.(直述句)
It was his words that made me angry.(強調句)
● 虛主詞後也可接形容詞,形容 that 子句,例:
It was obvious that Roger was lying.
obvious用法 在 英文單字筆記粉絲團- 我們中文常說"明顯"的形容詞在英文裡 ... 的推薦與評價
明顯英文是obvious(聽發音),形容詞用法,這個英文單字可以用來形容"明顯的、顯著的、顯然、明白的"等意思,例如明顯的原因英文是obvious reasons,中文常說"這很 ... ... <看更多>