關於 蛇 板 高雄 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

Northwest's Salmon Population May Be Running Out of Time

A Washington state report put it bluntly ( ): Because of the devastating ( ) effects of climate change and deteriorating ( ) habitats ( ), several species of salmon in the Pacific Northwest are “on the brink of ( ) extinction ( ).”

Of the 14 species of salmon and steelhead trout in Washington state that have been deemed ( ) endangered ( ) and are protected under the Endangered Species Act, 10 are lagging ( ) recovery goals, and five are considered “in crisis,” according to the 2020 State of Salmon in Watersheds report.

“Time is running out,” said the report, which is produced every other year ( ) by the Washington state Recreation and Conservation Office. “The climate is changing, rivers are warming, habitat is diminishing ( ), and the natural systems that support salmon in the Pacific Northwest need help now more than ever.”

Researchers say recovery efforts — involving state and federal agencies, Native American tribes, local conservation groups and others — have helped slow the decline of some salmon populations. The report found that two species — the Hood Canal summer chum and Snake River fall chinook — were approaching ( ) their recovery goals. It also noted that no new salmon species had been added to the endangered list since 2007.

“We are at least treading water,” said Kaleen Cottingham, director of the Washington state Recreation and Conservation Office. “We have not, however, seen the kind of progress ( ) that we had hoped for.”

With the effects of climate change expected to accelerate ( ), researchers said that more must be done to prevent further population decline and the possible extinction of some species.

Salmon play a vital ( ) role in the environment, economy and culture of the Pacific Northwest. At least 138 species depend on salmon for their food in some way. Salmon support an estimated ( ) 16,000 jobs in the fishing industry, and they are a draw ( ) for tourists.

Before the 20th century, an estimated 10 million to 16 million adult salmon and steelhead trout returned annually to the Columbia River system. The current return of wild fish is 2% of that.
One of the largest factors inhibiting salmon recovery is habitat loss. A growing human population has led to development along the shoreline and the addition of bulkheads, or sea walls, that encroach ( ) on beaches where salmon generally find insects and other food. More pavement ( ) and hard surfaces have contributed to an increase in toxic stormwater runoff ( ) that pollutes Puget Sound.

美國西北部鮭魚 陷瀕臨絕種危機

華盛頓州一篇報告直截了當指出，由於氣候變遷跟棲地劣化的毀滅性影響， 美國西北部有數種鮭魚「瀕臨滅絕」。

根據《2020年水域內鮭魚狀況報告》，華盛頓州有14種鮭魚和虹鱒被認定為瀕危物種，並受到《瀕危物種法》保護，其中10種復育進度未能達標，有5種更被認定「處於危機之中」。

這份由華盛頓州休閒與保育辦公室兩年發表一次的報告說：「時間不多了。氣候正在改變，河流水溫正在升高，棲地正在減少，供養美國西北部鮭魚生存的自然系統，如今比以往任何時候都更需要幫助。」

研究人員說，由州與聯邦機構、美國原住民部落、地方保育組織和其他機構共同參與的復育行動，緩和了一些鮭魚數量的減少。報告中發現胡德運河夏天的鉤吻鮭與蛇河秋天的帝王鮭兩種鮭魚，復育正接近目標。報告還指出，自2007年以來沒有新的鮭魚種列入瀕危名單。

華盛頓州休閒與保育辦公室主任Kaleen Cottingham說：「我們至少勉強穩住了情況，但我們沒有看到我們所期望的進展。」

研究人員表示，氣候變遷的影響料將加速，必須更加努力以防止鮭魚數量進一步減少和一些魚種的滅絕。

鮭魚在美國西北部環境、經濟與文化中扮演至關重要角色。在某種程度上，至少有138個物種以鮭魚為食。鮭魚為漁業提供約1萬6千個工作，並吸引大量遊客。

20世紀以前，估計每年有1000萬到1600萬成年鮭魚和虹鱒回到哥倫比亞河水系。目前返回的野生鮭魚數量只有這個數字的2％。
阻礙鮭魚復育的最大原因之一為棲地喪失，不斷成長的人口導致海岸沿線的開發，加上隔板或海堤的增加，這些侵占了鮭魚平常尋找昆蟲及其他食物的海灘。更多的鋪裝路面和堅硬的地面導致有毒雨水流量的增加，進而汙染了普吉特海灣。

#高雄人 #學習英文 請找 #多益達人林立英文
#高中英文 #成人英文
#多益家教班 #商用英文
#國立大學外國語文學系講師

📣📣📣大！大！大報告！有好東西給你唷～


黃捷的半年成果展又來啦，這次漫～長～的會期中，我針對 #動保 #交通 #水利 #性別 四個面向都有相當深入的提案與質詢，歡迎挑看選看，喜歡的議題都可以再私訊跟我討論喔～


🌳公園環境修繕及兒童遊具爭取：
中和公園、華鳳公園、公兒４公園、藝術公園、公兒28公園等。


🛣多條道路刨鋪建議及改善：
南京路機車道、文衡路、國泰路二段、福祥街、三誠路、中崙二路、保成一路、中崙路、凱旋路、文龍東路、保南二路、瑞隆東路等。


⚠交通設計改善、號誌設置及小綠人爭取：
青年路二段/中山西路、三民路/光遠路、中泰街/中山西路、文建街/文教路、中山西路/府前路、曹公路/協和路、博愛路/經武路、建國路三段等


🚶‍♀人行道增設及改善：
南京路人行道爭取改善設置、中山東路人行道改善。


💧積(淹)水及污水排水系統改善：
瑞芳街、鳳誠路450巷、鳳誠路等


🚸校園兒童通學步道爭取：
鳳山中山國小後門通學步道成功爭取設置


👩‍🏫【質詢紀錄】
8/4 總質詢 https://reurl.cc/a92qg9
5/12 教育部門質詢 https://reurl.cc/4aZbWX
5/6 財經部門質詢 https://reurl.cc/xGnK64
5/4 社政部門質詢 https://reurl.cc/6arb7V
4/30 民政部門質詢 https://reurl.cc/Q9zVe5
4/26 工務部門質詢 https://reurl.cc/83dXmy
4/22 警消衛環部門（環保局）質詢 https://reurl.cc/Ako2xd
4/22 警消衛環部門（警察局）質詢 https://reurl.cc/rgMvN1
4/20 交通部門質詢 https://reurl.cc/O09rxg
4/15 農林部門質詢 https://reurl.cc/eE1y0R
4/13 市長施政報告質詢 https://reurl.cc/xGnpZN
亞洲新灣區開發案專案報告質詢 https://reurl.cc/5rYbvG
環境污染防治作為專案報告質詢 https://reurl.cc/lRGagE
捷運路網規劃專案報告質詢 https://reurl.cc/noelr8


📂【提案數49案】
#民政部門3案
建請民政局舉辦單身聯誼活動時納入多元性別。
建請更新鳳山戶政事務所結婚登記佈置陳列，讓新人留下美好的紀念照。
建請研考會建立1999專線及市民信箱服務考核機制，並設置市民申訴專線。


#社政部門1案
建請研議修正《高雄市政府發放婦女生育津貼實施要點》有關家長相關文字


#財經部門6案
建請市府成立社會企業相關推動單位。
建請經濟發展局評估鳳山區公有市場之活化再造可行性。
建請經濟發展局將ESG、SDGs等指標納入本市招商、獎勵或減稅優惠等政策之評估指標。
建請經濟發展局建置本市之能源管理資訊平台網站，及時呈現本市各類電能管理資訊。
建請經濟發展局公告「本市用電契約容量達800kWp以上之用電大戶名單」。
建請經濟發展局設置單一諮詢輔導窗口，提供「本市團體依《合作社及社區公開募集設置再生能源公民電廠示範獎勵辦法》建置公民電廠的相關業務」之諮詢服務。


#教育部門2案
建請研議社區大學紓困補助計畫。
建請把關性平調查人才庫委員之性平意識及專業知能。


#農林部門15案
建請研議高齡收容犬貓認養輔助計畫。
建請高雄市政府觀光局重啟環保旅店輔導推廣計畫。
建請高雄市政府農業局強化宣導合理化施肥之觀念，避免農民過度施肥，減少溫室氣體排放。
建請高雄市政府農業局加速輔導本市牛隻牧場符合農委會《牛隻友善生產系統定義與指南》標準，以促進動物福利。
建請高雄市政府水利局進行本市水文調查，找出潛在地下水源，並建立補注、出水量管理、明智利用等計畫。
建請高雄市政府水利局補助民間設置簡易型雨水貯留設施。
建請高雄市政府水利局積極爭取經費建置本市公有機關之雨水貯留設施，以因應極端氣候。
建請高雄市政府水利局協助加速「荖濃溪伏流水工程」調查評估作業。
建請水利局以公文通知68處易淹水區市民，鼓勵民眾主動申請防水閘門家戶補助。
建請高雄市政府農業局動物保護處研擬將動保稽查人力行政委託或是提升府內層級成立動物保護科，擴大人力與資源運用，保障動物保護品質及市民權益。
建請高雄市政府農業局全面改用「友善蛇夾」或「蛇勾」執行捉蛇業務。
建請高雄市政府水利局會同相關單位協助鳳山區鳳誠路38號後方水利溝渠加設溝蓋環境清消一案。
建請改善鳳山青年路、光復路、澄清路、文衡路等易淹水地段防汛準備工作。
建請水利局優先推動高風險淹水潛勢區之建築物設置雨水貯留設施，邁向海綿城市。
建請高雄市政府水利局加速臨海再生水廠擴廠，盡早達成最大每日供水能力6萬噸。
建請水利局因應極端氣候，以海綿城市為目標制定水利治理新原則。


#交通部門5案
建請研議鳳山區紅毛港路段，增設YouBike微笑單車站點。
建請中正、三多、建軍三岔路口（802醫院前）設置多向監測系統，保障民眾生命財產安全。
建請高雄市政府觀光局全面更新壽山動物園動物解說牌、展板，強化野生動物保育及環境教育功能。
建請盤點並串連性別友善店家，提供性別友善服務訓練及性別友善認證。


#警消衛環部門9案
建請廣設警察電子巡簽。
建請改善高雄公車車體毒品防治廣告輸出品質。
建請參考嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎（COVID-19)不明感染源率、死亡率等統計數據，分階段適度鬆綁休閒娛樂、運動場館、餐廳等場館。
建請高雄市政府衛生局提高通訊心理諮商審查委員之心理諮商師、臨床心理師之人數比例。
建請研議與壓力釋放運動TRE（Tension Releasing Exercise）團體合作，帶領警消醫護同仁恢復精神與肌肉機能。
建請高雄市永續發展暨氣候變遷調適委員會每兩年進行一次「氣候變遷風險評估報告」，同時制訂與調整具體調適策略。
建請高雄市政府環境保護局於「第二期溫室氣體管制執行方案草案」納入公民電廠推動計畫。
建請高雄市政府環境保護局研擬《高雄市低碳城市自治條例》草案。
建請環境保護局定期巡檢巷弄側溝，並視察現存之排水設計，避免因部分設計不良而導致的堵塞情形。


#工務部門8案
建請加速鳳山區立德街開闢計畫道路，改善消防救護車難以通行之問題。
建請高雄市政府工務局養護工程處，依景觀樹木巡檢風險分級結果進行妥適處置。
建請高雄市政府工務局及水利局共同研擬鳳山區藝術公園內滯洪池，在保有防汛與滯洪功能情形下，施作多功能遊憩設施。
建請高雄市政府工務局辦理本市鳳山區保南二路（中崙五路至保孝街）雙向道路刨除重鋪。
建請高雄市政府工務局辦理本市鳳山區華興街(善士街-南華路)、善和街(善士街-善政街)雙向道路刨除重鋪。
建請高雄市政府工務局施作銜接曹公圳親水步道之行人通道，健全行人通行環境。
建請高雄市政府工務局辦理本市鳳山區中崙路(中崙路-保華二路)道路拓寬一案。
建請雨後維護人行道及自行車道，避免地磚雜草叢生，引來病媒蚊蟲。


👩‍💼【舉辦會議】
3/25 高雄市空氣污染物排放標準修訂及執法檢討公聽會
8/17 高雄市長施政滿意度及相關市政議題民調公布記者會
8/31 終結月經貧窮及衛生棉免費發放記者會
9/1 大港橋與愛河灣遊艇觀光發展公聽會


👩‍💻【參與會議及參訪】
彩虹平權大平台高雄市性別平等政策討論會
高雄帆船學校產業考察
「你的民主不是你的民主：民粹浪潮下的變動與反撲」
立法院國防委員舉辦黃埔新村考察
「海光里自強公園改造工程」第1場公民參與說明會
鳳山登革熱防治說明會
鳳山都市更新社區輔導說明會
「仁武、岡山焚化廠修建營運移轉ROT案」招商說明會
鳳山區第77期市地重劃區內公86、87開闢工程說明會
鳳山水資源中心考察
高雄青創產業參訪
台南科學園區參訪


👌【爭取成功】
成功爭取人行道稽查小組。
成功爭取試辦特色行人號誌。
成功爭取路殺犬貓人道處理。
成功爭取消防外勤手提無線電個人配發。
成功爭取重要路口監視攝影機汰換，共640支。
成功爭取國泰重劃區周邊道路擴大保留行人通行空間。
成功爭取未來改建或新建之景點公廁增設幼兒洗手台。
成功爭取市府向中央申請前瞻計畫以檢討改善鳳山排水系統。
成功爭取全面調查本市托嬰、托兒空間之舒適毯的塑化劑超標狀況。
成功爭取數位無線電中繼台設備及時槽擴充，改善消防隊無線電收訊品質。


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野放台灣五十餘年，貪狼獨坐，三方四正殺破狼格局，少年多舛，白手起家，隨展覽雲遊四海，如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返，遂設幻影堂自詡堂主，一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」，常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鍾情黑白世界之單純，彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘，了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝，雖非仙人，亦無道骨，初聞離垢地生清淨心，但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠，待修持也。
2017年盛暑拍畢《巨神連線》，心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到，意識死神隨伺在側，人生苦短，如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒……總不得解，蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜，聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃，甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎，禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘，台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜（佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教＆大同教、儒教鑾堂、天帝教＆天德教、慈惠堂＆勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山……）、神棍橫行（依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫），因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜，但地獄造景稀少，後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人，各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味，意境乖張溢於言表，造型扭曲非常人所能塑也，然匠心獨運、自成一格，專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美，絲毫不輸喬托（Giotto di Bondone，1267～1337）乃至米開朗基羅（Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564）矣。

創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱，雖主祀四面佛，儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊，可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像，安太歲自不在話下，甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深，1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍，行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關，只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地，十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台，粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格，尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂，該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯（包青天），陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解，求破懸案者眾，逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸，全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中，四周環繞墓地，適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮（1971）地府則是首座電動地府，規模精小但驚嚇度破表，略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍，出自已故台南大道長金登富之作，而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外，乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面，尊尊栩栩如生，續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道，造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」（阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像）旁設靜態十殿閻羅（1970年代初），雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存，續往上行可抵「證菩提道－釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區，一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時，琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心，世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐 阻擋大軍進攻之路，但因緣果報無法逆轉，昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加，還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘遭屠殺，遂以缽盛救度五百族人，最終卻化為血水，佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力，因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐，目犍連遂展神通救渡，但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火，佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日，於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾，因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會 」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌，既渡亡魂也自懺悔。

台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗，不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂（1979年興建，1983年開放)，燈光絢爛、聲響駭人，獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」，至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形，睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿 」判案定奪，觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截……等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄……兼遊「四生（胎、卵、濕、化）回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼……等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石……小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」，轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭……等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」，窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮……等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤……等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」，直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿，皆為極犯，另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍……等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」（查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司）後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事，依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺（紫河車）」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據《十八泥犁經》記載，人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」，經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫，犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄（阿鼻地獄）」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主，統轄十殿閻羅，逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。

人類居於五趣（阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄）雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界，犯十惡業（殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴）者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」（欲界、色界、無色界）二十八天？凡人無此意識，別說能破「十二因緣」（無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死）還滅門，更別想斷除「四聖諦」（苦、集、滅、道）集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑（五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑），了悟「五蘊」（色、受、想、行、識）本空、「十二入」（眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法）空、「十八界」空，破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執，生十一處「善心所」（信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害），降二十六處「惡心所」（貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知），須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。

地獄可能空滅嗎？若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪，地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土？若能證空性何處現地獄？

地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間，老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心，然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所，惡性所及實無可根除，礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層，乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷，暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄，心多妄念，妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間，會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉，我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄，三魂七魄尚不足以出竅，驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧，豈不謬哉？

病毒肆虐年半有餘，全球確診者逼近一億八千萬，枉死者近四百萬，堪比戰爭規模，望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空，唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。

姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節

Postscript

I have been living recklessly in Taiwan for more than fifty years. According to Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology), Tan Lang is the sole star in my house of Self. This star, which represents xxx, forms an equilateral triangle with that star Qi Sha and Po Jun on the square chart and constitutes a Sha Po Lang pattern. The pattern indicates a kind of turbulence and change, a life of wandering with ups and downs and it tells a lot about my life. After my ill-fated youth, I started from scratch and traveled around the world with exhibitions that I participated. Like a flaneur, I wandered around ruins, nature, and temples with every type of film camera obliviously. Thus, I founded the Hall of Illusion and claimed to be the master of the hall. Several times a day, I pondered a quote from the Diamond Sutra, “Everything with form is unreal.” In addition, I usually stayed in the darkroom developing film and enlarging those negatives overnight. However, I treasured the simplicity of the black and white world. The earthly, gaudy, garish, phony and pleasing qualities within colored photos make the images even more realistic than the real world. It is not my cup of tea, so I seldom took colored photos. In Confucian thought, the age of fifty marks the stage knowing the mandate of Heaven. I am now at my fifties and realize how ephemeral human life is. However, I am not an immortal, nor having sagelike characteristics. I just learned that the stage of stainless (the second bhūmi) and develop a pure mind that is free from doubt and defilement. However, I’m still far from the immovable state and need to practice.

In the summer of 2017, after filming the work Incarnation, I experienced a severe heart rhythm problem which almost triggered myocardial infarction and could have killed me. Consequently, I realized that death was waiting for me and the life is too short to figure out how I can liberate myself from the cycle of Birth and Death. I couldn’t comprehend how to be free from all afflictions and worries and how to avoid delusive ideas. I wept for three days and nights after being enlightened by Shakyamuni Buddha. Up to the moment, I felt ashamed that I failed to realize that the self is as insignificant as dust after these years learning and practicing Buddhism. Since then, I have visited famous temples and monasteries in my spare time, worshiping Buddha, Bodhisattvas, arhats, and all the deities and immortals. Taiwan’s temples are myriad with a enormous number of sects, including Buddhism, Taoism, Yiguandao, Catholicism, Christianity, Chinese religions of fasting, Islam& Baháʼí Faith, Confucianism, Tiandiism& Tian-De Teachings, Xiwangmu cult, Yellow Emperor Sect, Precosmic Salvationism, Liism, World Wide Ethical Society, séance cult, etc. Some people even claim that they can mediate communication between the deities or spirits of the dead with human beings, having their believer rely on themselves instead of the orthodox dharma or dogma and pay excessive respect and admiration for the mediums or objects, accumulating wealth through such an unfair means or even harassing their believer sexually. Due to Taiwan’s historical changes, social turbulence, political struggles, and ideological issues, Buddhism and Taoism are somehow mixed. However, there are few emphases on the concept of the hell. As I took photographs of Yama of each court, judges, wardens of the underworld, jailers, General Fan and Hsieh (the ghost escorts) and all sinners, I found few temples cleverly created hellish scenes that are intriguing, exaggerating, and extraordinary. However, the creations are unparalleled unique. I have been studying Western arts for decades and then I came to realize that simplicity makes the most beautiful works of art. These hellish scenes can even compete with works of Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337) and Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564).

Jingang Temple Shimen District, founded in 1986, overlooks the beautiful North shore. Although the temple is mainly dedicated to Phra Phrom (the Thai representation of Mahabrahma), spirits of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism can also be founded in the temple. The worshipper can go cross the Seven Star bridge to relieve bad luck, walk along the five hundred arhat statues and knock on the gong to affirm one’s Buddha nature. Furthermore, the worshipper can also prostrate themself before Asia’s largest statue of Buddha in Nirvana (the Reclining Buddha statue) and pacify the Taoist Tai Sui deity of the year. I was impressed by the Jia-Zi Tai Sui General that a pair of palms grow out of his eyes. In 1994, the biō-kong (the person taking charge of the temporal affairs of a temple) received a divine inspiration from Yama (the King of Hell) that he had to build a sacred hall in the shape of a divine dragon, with the interior designed according to the World of Ultimate Bliss and the Underworld. When the visitor walks in the dark hallway, they will see the tortured people (dioramas, of course) scrunching their faces and crying bitterly and loudly in excessive grief as the visitor triggers the mechanism. One will even find them in the midst of flesh, body liquid and blood, mutilated limbs, and rotten corpses. While each of the ten Yamas are focusing on their own duties, showing their sacred dignity that collect visitors’ attention. The Baogong Temple in Linkou District, New Taipei City exclusively features colorful depiction of hellish scenes in relief in Taiwan. With its pastel shades and cartoon-like style, the relief is both grotesque and adorable at the same time. This temple is dedicated to Bao Zhen (also known as Justice Bao) representing the incarnation of Yama. Living people who have been treated unjustly can come worshipping Bao Gong and receive exorcism. Therefore, many people come here for seeking to solve unsolved cases. In Zhongyuan Festival (the ghost festival), the temple will burn the Zhizha (paper craft) boat to ferry the ghosts to the other shore, which is the shore of enlightenment. The only giant statue of Yama in Taiwan is still in the making. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery, suitable for meditating on the loathsomeness and impurity. Nantian Temple (1971), located next to the Eight Trigram Mountains Buddha in Changhua, features the first animatronic underworld. Despite the small size, the animatronic underworld is intensely shocking. Though it’s slightly worn, the colorful dioramas are still brutally ferocious. The creator was the late venerable Dao Zhang (Taoist priest) Jing Deng-fu while the origin of animatronic deities can be traced back to the 1960s Beigang Chaotian Temple. On the contrary, the Whiteman Toothpaste Tourism Factory in Shuishang Township, Chiayi, features ten Yamas with individual booth. The place is unexpectedly clean and polished yet keeps a simple and modest tone. Then, the Dragon Pagoda of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas at Lotus Lake in Zuoying, Kaohsiung, holds the only relief of hellish scenes made of Kochin ceramic. All the figures are vivid and life-like. If one goes further into the pagoda, they will see a relief tunnel of the thirty-three incarnations of the white-robed form of Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara) on a white lotus, with a lovely and interesting design. Another Hall of Yama is built in the 1970s next to the entrance of Dagangshan Chaofeng Temple, located in the Alian District of Kaohsiung. Visitors will also see three statues of the Three Holy Ones of the Western Pureland (Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta) which assemble at a lotus pond. Although the hellish scene looks somewhat antiquated, you may still find its previous charm. If one goes further, they will reach the sculptural garden of “Attaining the Bodhi Way: the Incarnation of Sakyamuni Buddha,” where the visitor can see the essence of Bhagavato’s (meaning the Blessed one, one of the common epithets for Buddha) life. When Tathāgata (another epithet for Buddha) was old, the king of Kosala wanted to avenge the arrogance of the tribe of Shakyas who had long despised him, regarding him as a son of a maiden. Although Buddha has sat in lotus position alone three times to stop the army from attacking his tribe. However, one can never reverse the cause and following karma. The prince born of a maiden was so furious that he eventually destroyed his homeland. Maudgalyāyana (one of the Buddha’s closest disciples), who is said to have had supernatural abilities that surpassed the other disciples, could not bear to see the slaughter of innocent people. Thus, he saved five hundred people of his tribe with a pātra (an eating utensil of Buddhist monks). Unfortunately, everything he did was in vain, those who were saved eventually turned into a puddle of blood. The Buddha said that the supernatural abilities cannot surpass the power of karma. The cause and effect work all the time. When Maudgalyāyana’s mother fell into the path of hungry ghost, he used his supernatural abilities to save his mother from hunger. However, all the food turned into fire before being fed to his mother. Later, the Buddha commanded the monks to put nectar and dishes in a basin on the 15th day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar for the monks from all directions to free his mother from reincarnation. In later times, the Ullambana Dharma Service, the Compassionate Samadhi Water Repentance, and the Yoga Collection for Feeding the Searing Mouths Dharma Service are rituals to eliminate karmic hindrance and to cease to worldly delusions. Through such practices, one can free the dead as well as confess their repentance.

Madou Daitian Temple is a magnificent and colorful temple in Tainan. Not only can the worshippers visit the eighteen levels of Hell but also the Heaven (it was built in 1979 and inaugurated in 1983) here. The lighting and sound effects are stunning and frightening. When walking alone in the space, one may feel like taking a Guan Luo Yin trip (a Taoist necromancy which leads people’s spirits to hell and communicate with the dead ones) to visit the underworld prison. Before arriving the first court of the underworld, the visitor will walk through the Mountain of Heart Summit, the Pure Heart Pond, the Frontier between the Living and the Dead Realms, the Soul Registry Hall, the Portico of Demons, the Center for Complementary Teaching of Canonical Books, the Citadel of Premature Death, and the Bridge of Vanity. When one arrives at the first court, they will see King Chin-guang, who is in charge of the court, using the Mirror of Retribution to show the earthly form of evil creatures and also witness the sub-hell of Pillar-Holding and Fire Bed, etc. At the second court, King Chu-jiang collates the register of sins the souls of the dead have committed to impose the punishments. Here, you will see the sub-hell of Excrement and Urine, Hungry Ghost, Burning Dance Floor, Ice, Pus and Blood, Whipping, Tongue-Raking, Sword Blade, Stomach-Piercing, Chopping, etc. Next, the dead at the third court, ruled by King Song-di, will receive the punishments including inversion tortures, face-skinning with steel and copper knife, eye-wrenching, pounding, blood-sucking, rib-piercing, roasting, tendon-taking, being eaten by maggots. The visitor can pay a visit to the Palace of Soul-Resuscitation for the Four Forms of Creatures (birth from an egg, birth from a womb, birth from moisture, and birth by transformation). King Wu-guan is in charge of the fourth court. There are sixteen sub-hells at the fourth court including Waist Chop, Tongue Removal, Boiling Pond, Mouth-stabbing, Skin-peeling, Sword Tree, Burning Wheels and Cart, Eye-shooting, etc. Next, at the fifth court, sinful souls are allowed to ascend the Tower of Hometown-Viewing to take a final look of their family. The visitor will witness sub-hells of Knee-striking, Heart-slicing, Blade Mountain, Flying Swords and Burning Stones, etc. The King of Bian City takes charge of the sixth court, which is also known as the “Great Hell of Screaming,” with sub-hells including Fire Cattle, Tiger-Biting, Kidney-Eating, Mouth-Poking, Throat-Nailing, Iron Mill, Decapitation, etc. The King of Tai-shan is in charge of the seventh court, the “Great Hell of Heat and Fire.” The sixteen sub-hells at this court include Finger-Searing, Bowel-Hauling, Stone-Bearing, Boiling Oil, Tongue-Removal and Cheek-Piercing, etc. Next, the King Du-shi is in charge of the eighth court, the “Great Hell of Intense Fire and Heat,” and the sub-hells including Fire Dogs, Molten Iron, Iron Snakes, Dismemberment, Steel Spikes, Burning-Marrow, Iron Ball, Scale, etc. The ninth court is ruled by the King Ping-deng. It is known as the biggest court, Avici Hell (the Hell of Incessant Suffering), which if the lowest level of the hell realm and the interior is gloomily and terrifyingly dark. Those who committed the most serious evil deed will be sent to the Avici Hell. Sub-hells such as Poisonous Snake, Brain-Removal, Crow-Gnawing, Raining Needles, Wasps and Scorpions are included at this court. After arriving the tenth court, ruled by the Great King of the Reincarnation Palace, one can visit the “Observatory of Life on earth” and the “eight bureaus of the Reincarnation Palace” (including the Bureau of Judicial Control, the Bureau of Good-Actions, the Bureau of Bad-Actions, the Bureau of Debts, Gratitude, and Vengeance, the Bureau of Longevity and Destiny, the Bureau of Familial Ties, the Bureau of the Reincarnated, and the Bureau of Birth). The sinful one will be sent to the Pavilion of Mengpo and made to drink the Soup of Forgetfulness to forget all past affairs. According to the sinful one’s merits of previous life, they will go across one of the six bridges (gold, silver, jade, stone, wood, bamboo) to the “Reincarnation-Wheel (Wheel on the Crimson River).” Finally, one is able to reborn in the six realms. According to the Aṣṭadaśa nāraka sutra ( the Eighteen Hells Sutra), after one passes away, they will enter an intermediate and transitional state between death and rebirth, known as antarābhava in Sanskrit, for forty-nine days. The being will be evaluated by Yama, who will decide if one should get reborn or get punished at the hell. Those who committed the Five Grave Offenses (killing one’s father, killing one’s mother, killing an Arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, and creating a schism within the community of Buddhist monks and nun who practice for attaining enlightenment.) will be sent to the Avici Hell and stay there eternally. Kṣitigarbha is the Lord of the Nether World, ruling the ten court of Hell. The lord will set up the “Hall of Teaching” at each court to salvage those sinful ones who still obtain few merits at the offering rituals.

Human beings live the Sahā world (sahāloka in Sanskrit, meaning “endurance of suffering,” a concept of mundane world in Mahāyāna Buddhism) where they share with other reincarnations (including beings of the hells, of the preta, and of malevolent nature spirits) with five turbidities (the Kalpa turbidity, the view turbidity, the affliction turbidity, the living beings turbidity, and the life turbidity). Those who commit the ten evil deeds (killing, stealing, adultery, lying, using immoral language, slandering, equivocating, coveting, anger, and false views) must fall into the three evil paths (animals, preta, and hell). However, how can one escape from the three realms/ twenty-eight heavens (including the six heavens of the desire realm, the eighteen heavens of the form realm, and the four heavens of the formless realm)? Worldly people who don’t have such an awareness cannot leave the cycle of the twelve nidanas (meaning causes or motivations), let alone eliminate the eighty-one afflictions (that have been produced due to misunderstanding regarding reality) and the eighty-eight illusions (including five afflictions of advanced practitioners, also known as five views: view of self, extreme view, evil view, view of attachment to views, and view of morality; and five unintelligent temptations: desire, anger, stupidity, arrogance, and doubt) of thought within the three realms and four Arya satyas (noble truths, including suffering, arising, ending, and path). They cannot realize that the essence of the five skandhas (referring to aggregates of clinging, including the matter of form, sensation, recognition, mental formation, and consciousness) , the twelve ayatana (meaning sense base, including six internal bases: eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind and six external bases: visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects), and the eighteen dhātavah (meaning compositional elements of human existence, including six consciousness, six faculties, and their objects) are the emptiness and the void. Furthermore, they cannot dispel the two reasons for clinging to the idea of the self and the attachment to elemental constructs and even believe in the two (false) tenets that that karma and nirvana are not real and that the ego and phenomena are real. As a consequence, they fail to develop the eleven wholesome mental factors (faith, energy, conscience, being ashamed, non-attachment, non-aggression, non-delusion, calmness, equanimity, conscientiousness, and non-injuriousness) and cease the sixteen unwholesome mental factors (desire, greed, anger, delusion, arrogance, doubt, wrong view, wrath, enmity, hypocrisy, vexation, jealousy, parsimony, deceit, flattery, harming, ambitiousness, stupidity, lacking of faith, idleness, being unrestrained, forgetting, distraction, non-discernment, ). One must bear in mind that once all our virtuous roots are discontinued, they will be trapped in the never-ending reincarnation and the suffering of infinite continuity.
Is it possible that the hell will be empty one day? If the beings in hell will become extinct while evil spirits inhabit the mundane world, the world could be considered as a pure land. If we could witness the nature of the void, then hell will exist no more.
Since ancient times, the concept of hell has been widely spread among all tribes. Aging, death, beginning, and end are the basis of nature and the core of cosmic consciousness. However, the prosperous civilization as our island is not a place where desire can be eliminated. It’s impossible to eradicate evil nature. Since fetters brought by the constitution, the state, the law, society, the military, corporations, schools, families, and groups are not less than the eighteen levels of hell, the mortals repress themselves, bury their feelings. Day after day, greed, anger, stupidity, arrogance, doubt, and resentment are stacking. However, since the six dust (visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects) has not yet been extinguished, people in the mundane world are still full of delusions. The demons, devils, evil spirits, and the wondering dead exist in the wilderness, while only advanced practitioners with transcendent would attempt to make contact with the dead in the wasteland and forest. Worldly people like us trespass in Disneyland-like man-made hell. It is absurd and ridiculous that the hellish scenes cannot stop us from perpetrating evil deeds, but the horrific and cruel scenes yet satisfy our self-righteous shame.

The pandemic has been boiling over for more than a year and a half. The number of infected patients worldwide is nearly a hundred and eighty million, and the death toll has risen to four million, which is equivalent to a war crisis. I hope that we can all be compassionate, give peace to the dead, treat all sentient beings well and equally. The hell is innately empty; however, deluded and misleading thoughts would give rise to all jealousy and hatred and then manifest the hell before us. This book merely serves as a memorandum of conscience for dictators of the world’s new cold war, supporters of unrestrained warfare, dark web hackers, and those who are cunning and contemptuous and maltreat others when knowing they have problems.

June 2021,

Yao Jui-chung

朋友提問最#私密的問題，這些人真的完全沒在管我的！

有沒有過#一夜情，#一個月月收入多少，就差哪個部位最敏感沒有發問了！
希望我爸媽不要看到這一支影片。

========

／本周新片／

✨誰說漂亮女生就不會被劈腿，我被劈慘了(巨蟹座)。(ft.貝莉莓 鐵牛)
https://youtu.be/7DpLxklRtlI

✨是讀唇語還是講髒話，這三人台語是在公山毀。(ft.6tan 阿達)
https://youtu.be/y-N-KXTPNT0

／精選突襲QA系列／

🚨沒去走鐘獎的理由(ft. 邰哥 百祥 Fred 恩熙俊 酷炫 阿達 蔡哥 安安邊緣子 鐵牛 順家)
https://youtu.be/-IqqZLKpxME

🚨男生的手機秘密，比D槽還精采啊!!(ft. fred 6tan 邱邱 香蕉 卡古)
https://youtu.be/7iMkHahCqf0

🚨手機大突擊，這個真的能播嘛!(ft. 含羞草 游否希 魚乾 黃氏兄弟 6tan 星培 sandy 黑羽)
https://youtu.be/yFjdgEqfcms

🚨曖昧讓人委屈，你是否有這樣觸犯讓人白眼過呢?! (ft.鳥屎 魯蛋 6tan sandy 大魚)
https://youtu.be/eBfixFFxptg

／本月前5名熱門影片，快來看！！／

🔥轉蛋/決戰地下街，錢包沒在怕！(ft.神秘挑戰者)
https://youtu.be/lJbjq2OCkRw

🔥油門踩到底2020全新賓士A35終於到台灣，這個聲浪好爽喔。
https://youtu.be/NwAconZayMU

🔥網友不要給我唬爛，這樣吃會死亡。｜87姊妹那些事｜(ft.子玄)
https://youtu.be/pFAWlF7J63g

🔥獵人體驗求生存的一天，抓山豬躲毒蛇這一路真的危險！(ft.6tan)
https://youtu.be/dTKrUE5-kI8

🔥實測/加起來要五萬的主機板，就這樣跪了。
https://youtu.be/5D_FYI2YdTk

========

合作歡迎來信👍
[email protected]

無擋板享受輕鬆出貨還可以換一番賞～很好玩

1.官方LINE帳號 ID：@trr8079f
2.臉書粉絲團：https://www.facebook.com/KmanCatcher
3.Instagram：https://www.instagram.com/kman_youtuber/
4.蝦皮賣場：https://shopee.tw/is910227
5.Twitter：https://twitter.com/is910227
6.片師頻道：YOH阿澤https://www.youtube.com/channel/UComYF0_JG0-oh0SI6HTjrog

Kman機台位置：(隨時更動，已最新影片說明欄資訊為主)
1.【台南市】中西區青年路416號-1
2.【台南市】東區中華東路一段80巷11弄2號
3.【台南市】永康區中華二路285號
4.【台南市】永康區正強街248號
5.【台南市】北區和緯路四段175號
6.【台南市】北區武聖路155號
7.【台中市】潭子區圓通南路251
8.【高雄市】鳳山區經武路161號
9.【高雄市】前金區中華三路244號
10.【新北市】三重區長榮路9號
11.【香港】荃灣眾安街65-67號地下67號舖(自由夾二店)
12.【香港】觀塘396號毅力工業中心地下A&B鋪(觀塘大亨)
13.【香港】觀塘牛頭角宜安中心3號鋪(觀塘元氣爪)
14.【香港】觀塘牛頭角道300號(觀塘Sweet time)
15.【香港】尖沙嘴漆咸道南53-55號(尖沙嘴大亨)

歡迎詢問★夾娃娃問題★合作工商★贊助★影片授權★影片權利金★等問題

#夾娃娃 #娃娃機

本集主題： #國立臺灣博物館 #臺灣原住民展

　　這次要再一次帶著聽眾朋友去逛博物館，邀請到館方解說員 #陳信鈞 來為大家介紹臺灣原住民展。

　　臺灣是西太平洋上的一個蕞爾小島，具備優越的地理位置及自然條件，人類早在數萬年前就已分批相繼移入，並在這塊土地上生息，開啟了史前文化的發展契機。

南島語族先民在冰河期後，又飄洋過海而來，成為原住民的祖先。

第一區
　　本區介紹臺灣在進入歷史時期以前，從舊石器時代到鐵器時代重要的史前文化。內容包括距今二、三萬年前，臺灣目前所知最早的化石人類：「左鎮人」，西部新石器時代各階段的文化遺物，東部新石器時代文化，特別是晚期「卑南文化」的墓葬與陪葬品，以及以十三行文化為代表的鐵器時代的文化內容。

第二區
　　本區共有11個展示主題，分別是：平埔族群文化、泰雅族、布農族、賽夏族、鄒族、排灣族、魯凱族、卑南族、阿美族、雅美族、邵族。

平埔族群
　　分布在臺灣東北部、西部的原住民族群，與漢人經過數百年的接觸，目前多已失去其固有文化與語言，而在臺灣的漢人卻也融入了相當成份的平埔族群血統。本區展出平埔族群中位於東北部的噶瑪蘭族、中部的巴宰族、與南部西拉雅族等三族重要的文化特色。

泰雅族
　　分布在臺灣中、北部等八縣境內內山區，地區遼闊，為臺灣原住民中第二大族。該族主要的物質文化特色為編織及紋面，其中貝珠衣尤為特出，而紋面則被視為是成年必要的象徵。

布農族
　　主要分布在臺灣中部山區，而以南投縣為中心，為臺灣原住民中第四大族。該族居住在約一千至兩千公尺左右的山區，傳統以山田墾燒與狩獵為主要的生產方式，男性衣服以皮製為主。臺灣原住民沒有文字，布農族卻發展出獨特的「祭事曆板」以記載年中的農耕祭典時序。

賽夏族
　　分布在新竹與苗栗兩縣，分為男群與北群，是臺灣原住民中人口較少的族群。該族在物質文化受泰雅族影響較巨，特別是服飾和紋面方面。矮靈祭為該族最盛大的祭典，也是其信仰之特色。

鄒族
　　分布在南投、嘉義與高雄縣境內，分為南鄒與北鄒，目前人口約有七千餘人。該族為山居族群，以狩獵為主，輔以燒墾農業。鄒族為父系氏族社會，各氏族有自己的獵場與漁場，大的部落則有男子會所。

排灣族
　　主要分布在屏東、高雄與臺東縣境內，是臺灣原住民中第三大族。該族在物質文化上以石板屋、陶壺、琉璃珠、青銅刀與雕刻而著名，發展出獨特的藝術傳統，也反映出階級制度的社會體制與對祖靈、靈蛇的信仰。

魯凱族
　　分布在臺灣南部的屏東縣霧臺鄉、高雄縣茂林鄉與臺東縣卑南鄉境內。該族亦為一階級性社會，著重貴族的家名與家系，因而發展出獨特的服飾與家屋雕刻。物質文化上亦以石板屋、陶壺、琉璃珠、與雕刻工藝而著稱。

卑南族
　　分布在臺東縣卑南鄉與台東市一帶，分為卑南與知本兩群。該族男子11至13歲舉行刺猴儀式，進入少年會所接受訓練，19至20歲舉行成年禮，這種年齡制度與會所組織，是卑南族立足台東平原的基石。

阿美族
　　主要分布在臺灣東部，花蓮、臺東與屏東一帶，是臺灣原住民人口最多的一族。該族為母系社會，行招贅婚，但男子成年後均納入年齡組織，奠定長幼有序的社會體制。物質文化上則以女性的製陶為特色。

雅美族
　　居住在臺灣東南方的蘭嶼島上，現今人口約三千餘人，是臺灣原住民唯一不居住於臺灣本島的族群。該族為典型的捕魚民族，精雕彩飾的拼板漁船，木雕、製陶與金銀工藝為其物質文化特色。該族稱「人」為達悟，所以近年來有有改稱為「達悟族」。

邵族
　　居住在南投縣魚池鄉日月潭畔，人口約兩百八十多人，是臺灣原住民人口最少的一族。傳統生產方式有農耕、狩獵、漁撈與採集。因為近日月潭之便，故發展出如「浮嶼誘魚」等多種獨特的捕魚方式與「獨木舟」等湖上交通工具。

　　「臺灣的原住民族」常設展區，目前展示的現生臺灣的原住民族，概分為原來的法定「原住民」九族及「平埔族群」三族，但由於原住民正名運動後，政府頒定新增為十六族，該館常設展區將配合時代的脈動，局部更新展示的內容及規劃。

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